Jung Joon-young KakaoTalk chatrooms

The Jung Joon-young KakaoTalk chatrooms was a South Korean entertainment and sex scandal publicized in 2019 as part of the Burning Sun scandal. The two scandals were tied together by the release of revealing KakaoTalk messages that exposed alleged crimes at the Burning Sun nightclub, and separately, by K-pop singer and entertainer Jung Joon-young and his friends.

Jung Joon-young KakaoTalk chatrooms
Jung Joon-young, 2016 and Choi Jong-hoon, 2012
Main Korean idols involved
Native name 정준영 카카오톡 채팅방
DateNovember 2015 – June 2016
LocationSouth Korea
TypeEntertainment and sex scandal
First reporterBang Jung-hyun
Convicted
ChargesGang rape, illicit filming and sharing
Current event
Seungri, 2016
Roy Kim, 2015
Eddy Kim, 2014
Yong Jun-hyung, 2017
Lee Jong-hyun, 2017
Other scandal participants

While the Burning Sun scandal revolved around a nightclub and Korean idol Seungri of the group Big Bang, Jung's chatroom exposé affected more idol friends and other acquaintances of Jung's. The chatroom portion of the larger scandal included allegations of rape and spy cams when Jung confessed to secretly filming himself having sex with women and sharing the videos without their knowledge or consent, and he resigned from the entertainment industry on March 12, 2019, a day after Seungri's resignation related to allegations in the Burning Sun. The allegations of sex crimes involved added to the country's "epidemic" of what is called molka, a Korean word for the online distribution of unconsented sex videos taken of women.[1]

Jung's KakaoTalk messages revealed conversations and videos dating from 2015 to 2016, which were used in a police investigation which resulted in gang rape convictions (two victims, separate dates) of Jung and four other chatroom members: a former member of F.T. Island, Choi Jong-hoon; a former Burning Sun employee named Kim; a businessman named Kwon; and a former employee of YG Entertainment named Heo. Jung's conviction included charges for eleven instances of illegal filming and sharing. During the course of the investigation, other charges were made against Seungri and solo singers Roy Kim and Eddy Kim for allegations of individually sharing an illicit photograph in Jung's chatrooms.

Development

Background

Jung Joon-young, a 30-year-old South Korean singer-songwriter and television celebrity, lived in Indonesia until the age of five, then spent the remainder of his formative years in China, France, and Japan; he moved to South Korea at age 19.[2][3][4] Before the scandal, he was conducting a U.S. tour in October 2018 with his rock band Drug Restaurant, which he had formed in 2015,[5] and preparing for the opening of his Korean-style fusion restaurant in Paris with a two-week trial period in November 2018.[6][7]

Jung had been involved in a previous sex video scandal in August 2016, when an ex-girlfriend filed criminal charges that he had taped them having sex without her consent, but later withdrew those charges. The new scandal reopened the case after revealing chat messages about the incident.[8][9] During the 2016 scandal, Jung dropped out of the television show 2 Days & 1 Night, but returned after three months.[10][11] In May 2017, a JoongAng Ilbo analysis of 44 celebrities involved in crimes and scandals between 2006 and 2016, and the length of time their return to the industry took, listed Jung's case and his quick return as an example of a sex scandal that showed the public was becoming more tolerant in what they considered to be the "private lives of celebrities."[12]

Jung began his career as a contestant on the audition show Superstar K in 2012, where he placed third. It was there that he met and became friends with the show's winner, 25-year-old singer-songwriter soloist Roy Kim (real name is Kim Sang-woo),[13][14][15] and 29-year-old singer-songwriter soloist Eddy Kim (real name is Kim Jung-hwan).[16][17] Jung was also friends with Seungri, age 28 and Choi Jong-hoon, age 29.[18][19][20] Choi was the guitarist and leader of the rock band F.T. Island since their debut in 2007, until he resigned due to the KakaoTalk scandal.[21][22]

February 26, first set of KakaoTalk messages released

On February 26, 2019, the first KakaoTalk messages were released by an anonymous source in connection with the ongoing investigation of the Burning Sun scandal.[23]

March 11, second set of KakaoTalk messages and source revealed

The source of the earlier KakaoTalk text messages, which were first shared by media reports in the Burning Sun scandal, was revealed to be lawyer Bang Jung-hyun on March 11, 2019, when he was interviewed on SBS Eight O'Clock News.[24] Bang had obtained the messages from a whistleblower, possibly a technician at a phone repair shop, where Jung had dropped his phone off for repairs.[8][25] The whistleblower had sent an email to Bang of thousands of chats taken from Jung's phone that had taken place over eight months between 2015 and 2016.[26] When the Burning Sun scandal started, the phone messages were forwarded to the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission and to SBS funE; and the secretly filmed sex tapes and other chat messages on Jung's phone became public.[25][8]

During the SBS interview, the integrity of the chatroom file was discussed and said to have a tamper-proof device, technically a hash-code verification, showing that the file had not been manipulated; and could stand as circumstantial evidence to seek more evidence.[24] Bang, an economics graduate of Seoul National University[27] said of the chats, "Their conversations showed that there were not only sex crimes by celebrities, but also a cozy relationship between them and top police officers," and, "It is someone higher up than [the Gangnam Police Precinct chief]."[26]

The phone belonged to Jung,[8] who was in Los Angeles filming for another television show when the chatroom leaks reached him. He hurriedly returned to Seoul on March 12,[20] where he was booked as a suspect on charges of illegal hidden camera filming and sharing[28] and accused of taping ten or more women.[29] Chatroom messages first released by SBS were translated into English and shared by other media, including The Korea Times. Some of the conversation they translated for April 17, 2016, was as follows: Kim 1 "Anybody want porn?", Choi "Me", Kim 1 (Kim sends the video), Choi "Wait, she is fainted.", Kim 1 "So what?", Choi: "I want to see her alive (in the video).", Kim 1 "Then I couldn't have turned on the flash." Jung "You raped her. (Laughs)".[30] In another alleged chat conversation in The Washington Post, Jung said, "Let's all get together online, hit the strip bar and rape them in the car." Another member responded, "Our lives are like a movie. We have done so many things that could put us in jail. We just haven't killed anyone."[31]

Later on March 12, Jung released a statement saying, "I admit to all my crimes", and resigned from all his entertainment work a day following Seungri's resignation. Jung said, "I filmed women without their consent and shared it in a chatroom, and while I was doing so I didn't feel a great sense of guilt," and apologized to his victims.[29] Jung had previously been investigated over similar charges in August 2016 and December 2018. In the 2016 hidden camera case, his victim, an ex-girlfriend, withdrew her complaint of his filming them having sex without her consent, but an SBS report on March 13 had added allegations of possible police tampering with the case.[8][9]

Seungri's and Jung's inter-locking scandals were combined in public view when both were called into the Seoul Metropolitan Police Agency (SMPA) on March 14, with more than 100 journalists gathered for Jung's 10 a.m. appearance.[32] Jung apologized before entering the station for questioning and a drug test, followed similarly by Seungri some three hours later. Seungri exited first at around 6:15 a.m. on March 15 and Jung exited around an hour later and told reporters he had handed in his "golden phone", a public nickname his second mobile phone had gained in a 2016 talk show appearance.[33]

SMPA Jongno Police Station where Jung was taken after March 21, 2019 arrest

On the same day, two other Korean idols, Choi and Yong Jun-hyung of K-pop boy band Highlight,[34][21] resigned from entertainment after allegations they were involved in Jung's chatrooms. Yong admitted to viewing a sex tape recorded without the woman's permission and participating in "inappropriate conversations" about it, saying, "All these behaviours were extremely unethical, and I was stupid".[34] Choi had been a member of one of the chatrooms that was of immediate interest in media reports and the investigation.[25][35] In one conversation, Choi allegedly detailed his own drunk driving incident from 2016,[36] that was allegedly kept out of media coverage due to help from a police official with the surname Yoon. Choi was questioned on March 16 under allegations of secretly filming and sharing videos.[37]

On March 15, another Korean idol, Lee Jong-hyun of rock band CNBLUE, made his admission through a statement from his agency FNC Entertainment. Lee said that he had viewed Jung's sex videos in a chat group and had made disparaging remarks about women, talking about them as sexual objects. The admission followed a prior denial on his part and an SBS report of an alleged KakaoTalk conversation he had with Jung, during which Lee asks for "young", "pretty" and "kind" women he could have sex with, and to which Jung responded, "Who do you want?"[38]

Other celebrities affected by the scandal were actor Cha Tae-hyun and comedian Kim Jun-ho, Jung's fellow cast members on 2 Days & 1 Night, who resigned from the entertainment industry on March 16 after the chatroom conversations revealed allegations of their gambling on golf in large amounts.[39][40]

Jung Joon-young's arrest

Jung was arrested on March 21 for charges under the Act on Special Cases Concerning the Punishment, etc. of Sexual Crimes.[41][42] He was charged with crimes against at least ten victims for illegally filming and distributing sex tapes. Jung admitted to the charges and apologized at the hearing for his arrest at the Seoul Central District Court, and was later taken to the SMPA Jongno Police Station.[43] On March 29, he was transferred from the police station again to the prosecution for referral of an indictment,[42] and he was indicted on April 17.[44]

April 2, third set of KakaoTalk messages revealed

At the beginning of April, two more Korean idols were added to the list of KakaoTalk chatroom participants. On April 2, 2019, SMPA issued a summons for Roy Kim, who they said appeared in the illegal chatroom with Jung, Seungri and Choi,[13] and booked him the following day for distributing an obscene photo in the chatroom, which he denied taking himself,[45] and which investigators agreed was likely the case.[16] Roy Kim's agency coordinated his return from his U.S. schooling,[13][46] and he was questioned by SMPA on April 10.[47] On April 5, Eddy Kim was booked for circulating one or more illegally taken photographs.[16]

On April 3, Label SJ, the agency for Kangin of boy band Super Junior, released a statement admitting that Kangin had been a member of Jung's chatroom while working together on the television show Hitmaker three years prior[48] and denied any illegal activity on his part.[15] On April 4, police said that Kangin, Jeong Jin-woon of boy band 2AM, and model Lee Cheol-woo were members of the chatrooms, but they had no plans to question them yet.[49]

An early April police tally stated that seven chatroom members had been booked for disseminating spy camera content; and there were a total of 23 different groups or one-on-one chatrooms, with sixteen participants. Included in the bookings and instances of occurrences were: Jung, 13; Choi, 3; and Seungri, 1.[13] Two arrests included Jung and a former Burning Sun employee, surnamed Kim,[49] including a probe of five others.[50]

First chat group victim files police complaint, arrests and trial
Most of the victims were very young women in their early twenties. They didn't even know they had been filmed, that the videos were being circulated in group chats. Some of them begged, "Please save me. How do I live after this?"

— SBS reporter Kang Kyung-yoon in The Washington Post

On April 19, the first victim complaint against chat group members was filed against Jung, Choi and three others – former employees of the Burning Sun and YG Entertainment, and an anonymous businessman. The complainant alleged that, after passing out, she had been raped in a Daegu hotel room in March 2016, in an incident that was filmed by the group.[51][52] The victim's complaint followed an April 11 interview of Bang on JTBC's Lee Gyu-yeon's Spotlight, where he reported there were about ten photos and videos from the chatrooms that showed forced sexual assaults, sometimes by multiple members of the chat group. Bang had met with some of the women from the videos, who were unaware of what had happened to them, perhaps due to having been drugged.[53][54] On April 23, SMPA began an investigation into the complainant's allegations, which reportedly occurred after a fan signing event for Jung; and a second similar rape case at a resort in Hongcheon in January 2016, where another alleged victim traveled with Jung and Choi. SMPA said they were aware of group rape after examining the videos, but had not been able to identify the victims until they came forward. The cases were assigned to the SMPA's Women and Juvenile Affairs Division, who have expertise in crimes against women, including sexual assault.[55]

Choi was arrested on May 9 for allegations of group sexual assault with four members of Jung's chat group in March 2016; after appearing at a hearing with two others and denying the charges against him.[56] Another male, surname Kwon, was also arrested; with both Choi and Kwon charged under the Act on Special Cases Concerning the Punishment, etc. of Sexual Crimes.[57] Jung, who was still under police custody, pled guilty to eleven cases of the illicit filming and sharing at a May 10 pretrial hearing, where he offered to settle with the victims. He was being investigated separately in the group rape case, where he, like Choi, denied allegations.[58] On May 17, SMPA referred the gang rape case to prosecutors, recommending indictments on charges of special rape.[59] On June 5, after indictments, the Seoul Central District Court merged the trials for the five previously accused, Jung, Choi, Kwon, a Burning Sun MD named Kim, and an entertainment director named Heo, to include two charges of group rapes of the two victims in 2016.[60][61][62] The five appeared at a June 27 hearing and denied the rape charges.[63][64] At the first trial hearing on July 16, which included the illegal filming and sharing and rape charges, Jung and Kwon admitted to having sex but denied rape, and Choi denied having sex. Jung's lawyer submitted a statement contesting the legality of evidence obtained from the KakaoTalk messages in violation of the Personal Information Protection Act. The court specified five victims, two reference witnesses, a time period for the alleged illegal photography from November 2015 to June 2016, the dates of the alleged rapes on January 9 and March 20, 2016, and the need for confidentiality of the victims.[65][66][67][68] The next trial dates, on August 19, August 26, September 2, September 16, September 23, October 7 and October 21 were closed to the public.[69][70][71][72] At the ninth trial date on November 13, prosecutors recommended prison sentences on the rape charges for all five men. The defendants and number of years respectively were: Jung, 7; Choi, 5; Kwon, 10; Kim, 10; and Heo, 5. Jung's charges included the illicit filming and sharing. Prosecutors also asked that all five be restricted from working with children and minors for 10 years, be required to disclose personal information, and undergo sexual violence treatment programs.[73][74][75] Another trial date was held on November 27.[75][76]

On November 29, the court sentenced Jung to six years in prison and Choi to five, and both were sentenced to complete 80 hours of sexual assault treatment and a five-year restriction on working with children and minors.[77][78][79] The judge said "the defendants treated the women as simple instruments of sexual pleasure", "committing crimes of gang rape and sexual assault" and "sharing their acts in a chatroom with acquaintances", and said the "damage to the victims could not be recovered".[80] Both Jung and Choi cried after the sentences were announced.[77] The other three defendants were also sentenced, with Kim receiving a five-year prison sentence, Kwon a four-year prison sentence, and Heo a suspended sentence with two years' probation and 160 hours of community service.[77][80] By December 6, Jung, Choi and Kim had submitted appeals to the court for their convictions.[81][82]

Additional indictments, trial appealed; Roy Kim and Eddy Kim cases dropped

On January 30, 2020, Jung and Choi were indicted by prosecutors on more charges, along with nine others in the Burning Sun case, Jung for allegations of soliciting prostitution and Choi for bribing a police officer during his drunk driving incident in February 2016.[83] On February 4, the first trial hearing for an appeal of the November 29 rape convictions by all five defendants was held.[84] At the March 18 trial for Choi for additional charges, he admitted to illegal filming and sharing in the KakaoTalk chatrooms, but denied the 2016 police bribery charge. Prosecutors proposed an additional one year and a half sentencing on top of his prior rape conviction sentence, if convicted.[85]

Agencies for Roy Kim and Eddy Kim released statements on February 25 and March 6, respectively, that their indictments had been suspended from prosecution due to each singer having uploaded only one image that was captured online, and had belonged to a "hobby chatroom" with Jung Joon-young, not the more questionable one.[86][87]

On April 3, Jung and Kim were fined one million won and two million won, respectively, in a summary judgment for the prostitution charges, along with judgments for two others in the Burning Sun case.[88]

On May 12, an appellate court reduced the prison sentences for three of the defendants: Jung's to five years from six, Choi's to two-and-a-half years from five, and Kim's to four years from five.[89][90] Sentences for the other two defendants, Kwon's four years in prison and Heo's two years' probation, remained the same as the first trial.[90] Jung had submitted documents attesting to his regret, and Choi and Kim had settled with one of the victims, accounting for the sentence reductions.[90][91] Jung and Choi were additionally denied probation, mandated to attend treatment programs and restricted from working with children and teens.[92] Jung and Choi submitted appeals to the Supreme Court of South Korea on May 13 and May 18, respectively,[93][94] and on September 24, the sentences for Jung (five years) and Choi {two-and-a-half years} were upheld.[95]

Investigative reporting

The SBS investigative reporter who examined the KakaoTalk chat messages sent by the whistleblower to the television station SBS funE was Kang Kyung-yoon.[35] When she started interviewing some of the victims of the videos, she found they did not know of their existence. She said, "Some of them begged, 'Please save me. How do I live after this?'"[31] She said they were ashamed and angry but feared "wearing a scarlet letter as a sex crime victim", and thus feared being identified. Kang said that the sex video investigation was seen by some people as a means to avert attention away from the larger corruption scandal with its multiple allegations, but she perceived it as a serious social issue that needed reporting on.[96] On November 25, 2019, following the assumed suicide of idol Goo Hara, Kang said that Goo, who had undergone public scrutiny over a sex video that was filmed by her boyfriend, had contacted her to offer support.[97][98]

Investigation summary

Jung was investigated and arrested for allegations of illegal hidden camera filming and distributing,[28][42][43][44][49][99] and on May 10 conceded to the charges, at the first hearing for his trial.[100] He was subsequently indicted in January 2020 for soliciting prostitution. Jung, Choi Jong-hoon and three others were arrested and charged with group sexual assault.[56][63] Choi was also indicted for the attempted bribery of a police officer in 2016 to cover up a case of driving under the influence[83] (although an initial police investigation was dropped),[101][102] and for illegal hidden camera filming and distribution.[13][103] Seungri, Roy Kim and Eddy Kim were investigated for allegations of sharing, individually, one illicit photograph in Jung's chatrooms.[16][45][49][103]

Effects on entertainment industry

Months after the scandal started, music artists were still suffering repercussions and denying involvement. In late August, Lee Jong-hyun, still in the military and, according to his agency, "in a period of reflection for his wrongdoing" related to Jung's chatrooms, left his group CNBLUE after being involved in another chat scandal with a YouTuber.[104] In late September, Jeong Jin-woon of 2AM, reported in April to have been a member of one of Jung's chatrooms, released a statement that he was not involved in the illegal chatrooms.[105] Also in late September, rapper Zico, who had mentioned Jung's "golden phone" on a television program in 2016, and was rumored to have seen the illegal videos, released lyrics in a song on his new album referring to it, "I've never seen a video like that, I swear to God."[33][106] At the same time, music site Melon had to explain a banner, recommending a Jung Joon-young album to users, that popped up due to an automated system.[107]

Public response
Protest rally, Sinnonhyeon Station Exit 6, (Le Méridien Hotel), Gangnam, May 25, 2019

Public protests, led by women's and civic groups, directed towards the Burning Sun scandal and Jung Joon-young's sex-video chatrooms started in March and continued throughout the year.[108][109][110][111][112][113]

A representative for the Korean Cyber Sexual Violence Response Center (KCSVRC), a Seoul activist group that provides legal advice to victims of hidden-camera related crimes, said there are a lot of "Jung Joon-youngs" in society, and if the scandal had not involved a celebrity, it would have been uneventful. They said they hoped the anger it had generated would bring a change in the way such cases were looked at and punished; saying that a real change has to come from within a male society that it is not right to share or watch the videos.[114][115] The House of Sharing, a support group for comfort women, responded to language revealed in Jung's chatroom conversations, where the women, in sexual contexts, were said to be "like comfort women". The president, Ahn Shin-kwon said, "We cannot hide our anger toward them for using such words to disparage women. It is disappointing to see such appalling historical knowledge from celebrities, who have a lot of influence over the public."[116]

North Korean fans of the TV show 2 Days & 1 Night, which had starred Jung and two more celebrities who quit, were disappointed it was off-air, many of them not aware it had halted productions due to the scandal. It had been one of their favorite South Korean programs since the early 2010s, of analog television viewers in Pyongsong, Nampo, Pyongyang and places closer to the border, and for others through USB sticks and DVDs.[117] The show went on hiatus for nine months after public criticism of the show's "chronic moral hazard problems".[11][118] Viewers accused the show of leniency in the handling of Jung's prior public 2016 case of filming his girlfriend, after they allowed him to return to the show after a short absence; and were critical that the production crew had been a part of the group chat that was aware of Cha Tae-hyun's and Kim Jun-ho's gambling issues.[11]

Jung's distribution of sex videos was one of the top gender issues talked about on online platforms in South Korea for the first half of 2019, with research showing a growing trend of gender based topics, most in a negative context.[119] Google Korea's 2019 most popular domestic searched terms included Jung Joon-young ranked at number two over-all, and number one for top public figure; with Burning Sun ranked at number three for domestic news and issues.[120]

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