Josu Urrutikoetxea

José Antonio Urrutikoetxea Bengoetxea (born 24 December 1950), also known as Josu Ternera and Josu Urrutikoetxea Bengoetxea, is a former member of the Basque separatist organization ETA. In separate trials over a number of years, he was convicted for his involvement in the 1986 Plaza República Dominicana bombing and the 1987 Zaragoza barracks bombing, which together killed 23 people, including five children.

Josu Urrutikoetxea
Nickname(s)Josu Ternera
Born (1950-12-24) 24 December 1950
Ugao-Miraballes, Biscay, Basque Country
AllegianceEuskadi Ta Askatasuna (ETA)
RankLeader of the political wing
Battles/warsBasque conflict

ETA activity

Ternera joined ETA in 1968[1] and was in charge of operations in the Biscay region until fleeing to France in May 1971[1] at which time he joined the military front of the organisation.

In July 1972, he participated in ETA meetings in Madrid. On 15 July 1972, he attacked the Orbegozo factory in Hernani (Guipúzcoa), stealing approximately four million pesetas.

On 28 July 1972, Ternera was involved in the robbery of a van carrying foreign currency for the Bank of Biscay in Pasaia (Guipúzcoa), seizing more 12,000,000 pesetas. On 6 December 1972, he participated in an attack on the Union House of Hernani.

On 21 January 1973, along with other members of ETA, Ternera planned attacks that would use their available supply of more than 3,000 kilograms of dynamite and various explosive materials. Part of those explosives were used in December 1973 to assassinate the Prime Minister of Spain, Luis Carrero Blanco.

In January 1989, Ternera and Herri Batasuna leader Elena Beloki were arrested in Bayonne, France. The Herri Batasuna organization was later recognized as the force behind the international apparatus of ETA. Ternera was sent to Fresnes Prison, near Paris, and later was extradited to Spain, where he was freed when it was ruled that he had been wrongly convicted in France regarding his membership and financing of ETA and the other crimes of which he had been accused.

Ternera was summoned to testify on two occasions before the Supreme Court of Spain, which investigated whether Ternera had issued the order for ETA to bomb the quarters of the Civil Guard of Zaragoza in 1987, killing eleven people, among them five children. On 26 October 1990, he was tried in France, found guilty and sentenced to ten years in prison in France for conspiracy, use of false documents and illegal possession of weapons.[1]

The Office of the Public Prosecutor of the National Hearing Solicitor in July 1993 sentenced Ternera to an additional twelve years of prison for being in charge of the international apparatus of ETA from 1984 until his arrest in 1989. After serving six years in France, he was handed over to the Spanish authorities on 4 May 1996.[1]

Judge Javier Gomez de Liaño, of Spain's Audiencia Nacional, ordered Ternera 's detention. That same month, he was accused of belonging to an arms depot. In June 1996, he was declared guilty of being in charge of the 1986 Plaza República Dominicana bombing in Madrid, which killed twelve civil guards.

Former ETA member Juan Manuel Suárez Gamboa recognized that Ternera was one of the primary leaders of ETA. In October 1996, Jose Rego maintained that Ternera was the head of ETA in 1987, which led to four more cases against him in the Audiencia Nacional.

From 2002 he was a fugitive.[2] In 2013, along with David Pla Marín and Iratxe Sorzabal, he met Spanish government representatives in Norway.[1] Norway allowed them to remain there, conditional on progress being made towards a final dissolution of ETA. When this did not occur, the three were expelled from the country.[3] He was detained in France on 16 May 2019.[4]

Political activity

Ternera has been a member of the Basque Parliament in Vizcaya on the lists of Euskal Herritarrok and has been a member of the Commission of Human Rights.

References
  1. Ormazabal, Mikel (16 May 2019). "Josu Ternera, toda una vida de mando en el terror". El País (in Spanish). Madrid. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  2. Cerdán, Manuel (22 July 2004). "'Josu Ternera' el 14-F: "Se van a enterar los españoles de lo que somos capaces"". elmundo.es (in Spanish). Madrid: Mundinteractivos, S.A. Retrieved 13 February 2018.
  3. "Norway expels three ETA members after seeing no moves toward a peace process". El País. 5 March 2013. Retrieved 17 April 2015.
  4. Águeda, Pedro (May 16, 2019). "Detenido en Francia el ex jefe político de ETA 'Josu Ternera'". eldiario.es (in Spanish). Retrieved 17 May 2019.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.