Joliet Iron and Steel Works

The Joliet Iron and Steel Works was once the second largest steel mill in the United States.[1] Joliet Iron Works was initially run from 1869 to 1936.[2][3] Joliet Steel Works eventually became unprofitable and all operations were ceased by the early 1980s.[4]

Joliet Steel Works
1901 photo of the steel works at Joliet
LocationJoliet, Illinois
Nearest cityChicago
Coordinates41°32′21.46″N 88°4′31.66″W
NRHP reference No.91000088
Added to NRHP1991-02-28
Joliet Iron & Steel Works in the 1870s
Ruins of the gas engine house at the old ironworks. Joliet Prison is visible in the background.
Ruins of gas washers at the Joliet Iron Works Historic Site.

In the 1990s, the Forest Preserve District of Will County purchased the property containing the ruins of the ironworks to preserve a piece of history. The district operates the site as the Joliet Iron Works Historic Site.[5]

History

The works were originally owned and operated by the Joliet Iron and Steel Company, which was acquired by the Illinois Steel Company shortly after its formation in 1889. In turn, Illinois Steel was acquired by Federal Steel, which went on to be central in the formation of U.S. Steel.[6][7][8]

The rolling mill, a key element of the works, struck its first blow in March 1873. Railroad rails rolled at the Joliet Works played a key role in the expansion of America's railroad infrastructure.[9]

Infrastructure

The works had a dam on the Des Plaines River for power, and four blast furnaces capable of producing up to 2,000 tons of pig iron daily.[10] There was also a stock house, a casting house, hot blast stoves, a skull house, a gas washing plant, a blowing engine house, and a gas engine house.[5]

Labor

Around the turn of the century, Joliet Iron Works had approximately 2,000 workers on its payroll. Workers came from Southern Europe and Eastern Europe, and faced dangerous work hazards including toxic fumes, falls from high places, and extensive heat.[5]

The workers at the Joliet Works were involved in the Steel Strike of 1919.[11]

Around 1926 the Steel Works employed approximately 4,000 workers.[12]

The site today

A 1.5-mile (2.4 km) paved trail provides visitors a view of the remains of the Joliet Iron Works. The trail includes interpretive signs that explain the process of making iron and steel and the specific skills of the workers.[5]

Bordering the Iron Works is the Illinois and Michigan Canal and attached I & M Canal Trail.[13]

The site is also an access point for the 12.5-mile (20.1 km) I&M Canal Trail/Centennial Trail. This trail, of which portions are paved or crushed limestone, connects Joliet's City Center to the Centennial Trail in Cook County, Illinois.

Amenities at Joliet Iron Works Historic Site were renovated in 2009 and 2010. The preserve now offers a picnic shelter, restroom facilities, and drinking water.

See also

References
  1. Schultz, Mark (2004-03-15). "Awakening the Historical Imagination". In Nancy Workman and Therese Jones (ed.). Dimensions of Curiosity: Liberal Learning in the 21st Century. University Press of America. p. 39. ISBN 0-7618-2760-9.
  2. National Park Service (1995). National Register of Historic Places 1966 to 1994. John Wiley & Sons. p. 201. ISBN 0-471-14403-7.
  3. Warren, Kenneth (2001). Big Steel: The First Century of the United States Steel Corporation, 1901-2001. University of Pittsburgh Press. p. 266. ISBN 0-8229-4160-0.
  4. Warren, 332.
  5. Forest Preserve District of Will County, Joliet Iron Works Historic Site Brochure, 2011
  6. Pacyga, Dominic (2003-11-01). Polish Immigrants and Industrial Chicago: Workers on the South Side, 1880-1922. University of Chicago Press. p. 30. ISBN 0-226-64424-3.
  7. Robinson, Maurice (June 1915). "The Distribution of Securities in the Formation of the United States Steel Corporation". Political Science Quarterly. The Academy of Political Science. 30 (2): 277–300. doi:10.2307/2141923. hdl:2027/uiuo.ark:/13960/t3c02dd80. ISSN 0032-3195. JSTOR 2141923.
  8. Warren, 53.
  9. Misa, Thomas (1998-09-08). A Nation of Steel: The Making of Modern America, 1865-1925. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 22. ISBN 0-8018-6052-0.
  10. Ridgley, Douglas (May 1921). The Geography of Illinois. The University of Chicago Press. p. 279.
  11. Brody, David (1987-07-01). Labor in Crisis: The Steel strike of 1919. University of Illinois Press. p. 112. ISBN 0-252-01373-5.
  12. Close, Charles (January 1926). "Safety in the Steel Industry". Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science. SAGE Publications. 123: 86–92. doi:10.1177/000271622612300117. JSTOR 1015456.
  13. Forest Preserve District of Will County, , 2011
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