Joaquín Canaveris

Joaquín Canaveris (1789 – c. 1850) was an Argentine attorney, merchant, politician and military man, who served as consignee in The Consulate of Buenos Aires.[1] He had an active participation in the defense of Buenos Aires during the English invasions, serving as an Assistant in the battalion of Tercio de Vizcaínos.[2]

Joaquín Canaveris Esparza
Syndic of the Consulado de Comercio de Buenos Aires
In office
1820–1824
Preceded by?
Succeeded by?
Alcalde Cuartel 4° (Monserrat)
In office
1816–1817
Preceded byLeón Canícoba
Succeeded byXavier Paz
Alcalde Cuartel 3° (San Nicolás)
In office
1821–1822
Preceded byRoque del Sar
Succeeded by?
Personal details
Born
Joaquín José León Canaveris Esparza

1789
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Diedc. 1850
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Political partyConfederationist
Spouse(s)María Ana Bayá y Canaveris
Signature
Military service
Allegiance Spain – until 1810
United Provinces of the River Plate
Branch/serviceBuenos Aires Militias
Argentine Army
Years of service1806–1821
RankSecond Lieutenant
UnitTercio de Vizcaínos
Battles/warsBritish invasions of the Río de la Plata

He belonged to a old family related to the patriotic movements that gave rise to the Argentine Republic. He is registered in the Gazeta de Buenos Ayres on Saturday, April 6, 1816, participating in the donations tending to the financing of the liberation expeditions that took place during the Argentine War of Independence.[3]

Biography

Joaquín Canaveris was born in Buenos Aires, son of Juan Canaveris, born in Northern Italy, and Bernarda Catalina de Esparza, belonging to an old patrician family the city. He possibly studied in the Escuela Nacional de Náutica or Colegio Real de San Carlos, and law at the University of Córdoba.

Uniform belonging to the Third of Vizcaínos

He participated in the defense and reconquest of Buenos Aires during the English invasions of 1806 and 1807. He served as Adjutant in the 7th Company of Asturians, and taking part in the Combate de Miserere, under the Command of Captain Miguel Cuyar.[4] He served in the same company as his brother-in-law Fernando López Linera, a trader dedicated to exporting leather. His cousin or relative Martín Esparza, friar of Santo Domingo, was killed, during the assault of British troops to the convent.[5]

The Tercio de Vizcaínos, was created during the first Invasion. It was formed by five companies from Biscay and Navarre, two from Asturias, and one from Castilla la Vieja. During the second invasion the third of Viscaínos participated in the Combat of Miserere.[6]

His social ascent was after taking place the Declaration of Independence. In 1816 he was appointed to integrate a regiment of urban militias created by order of the Supreme Director of the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata.[7] He also served as Alcalde in the neighborhood of Monserrat and San Nicolás, populated largely by traders of British and American origin.[8] During his term, he sent to jail to Joseph Thwaites, a famous English merchant, who had been accused of debts.[9]

During the colonial and post colonial period, the alcaldes, fulfilled police functions, being the ones in charge of the surveillance of the city. These officers were escorted by a civic group of militia formed by some neighbors, being armed with carbines, pistols and bowie knives.[10]

He had a long career as an employee of the consulate of the Río de la Plata. He started working in that government agency since 1816 to replace Juan Antonio Zemborain. He had served with the Councilors Pastor Lezica, Francisco del Sar Arroyo and León Ortiz de Rozas.[11]

In 1823 he held the position of syndic in the Consulate of Commerce of Buenos Aires, an institution dedicated to the control of commerce in the Río de la Plata, in charge of Victorio García de Zúñiga.[12] He had also served as conciliator and attorney in Buenos Aires. In 1824, he was legal representative of José Joaquín de La Serna, in the trial against Manuel de las Carreras, represented by Miguel Mármol.[13]

He also served as legal executor in several testamentary, including that of Mariano Olier, a distinguished priest of Buenos Aires. He also was responsible for the sale of a property located in the town of Palermo, owned by the Presbyter José Díaz, his godfather.[14]

Joaquín Canaveris had an active participation in the economic activities in the Río de la Plata. In 1817 the ship Carmen arrived from Montevideo with a shipment that included pipes and barrels of wine, and several boxes of tea to Joaquin Canaveris.[15] On November 14 of the same year he introduced a cargo in Buenos Aires that included, tobacco, twenty barrels of butter and bags of peanuts.[16] He also sent a shipment to the Port of Maldonado that included farm equipment, black tobacco, wheat and thread destined for Uruguayan naval vessels.[17]

He also participated in the donations made for the reorganization of the Argentine Army, after the Battle of Sipe-Sipe in the Upper Peru.[18] His brother Manuel Canaveris was one of the officers who financed the first expedition to Upper Peru in 1810.[19]

Like his family he was involved in the divisions between Unitarians and Federals. He gave his support to the Federal cause since the creation of that party in 1816.[20]

Family
Joaquín Canaveris, registered in the 1810 Census of Buenos Aires.

Joaquín Canaveris was married on March 21, 1819 in the Parish Nuestra Señora de Montserrat to his relative María Ana Bayá, daughter of Juan Bayá Más Rossel, born in Girona, and María Agustina Canaveris Esparza. His house was located between Colegio and Convent of San Francisco, a few meters from the house of Luis or Manuel de Gardeazábal, a relative of Agustín Wright.[21]

In addition to having had a successful career as a lawyer, he also dedicated himself to rural tasks in the Province of Buenos Aires, he owned farms in San Isidro[22] and Carmen de Areco, town in which he and his family settled towards the beginning of 1840.

Several of his children were pioneers in the town of Areco, San Nicolás de los Arroyos and Salto, including Adolfo Canavery, born on December 17, 1828, who served as Comisario and Captain of the provincial militias in 1857.[23]

His son Joaquín Canavery (b. 1823), a godson of Miguel Cuyar, had an active political life in the Fortín de Areco area, where served as Intendent in 1856–1857, 1862 and 1880. His appointment at the head of the Areco government had been by decree signed by Dalmacio Vélez Sársfield.[24] Like his father he served the English-speaking community of the rural areas of the province of Buenos Aires. Fulfilling his services as judge of Carmen de Areco, he was commissioned to combat the illegal practice of medicine exercised by healers of Scottish or Irish origin.[25]

Joaquín Canavery in the edition of July 14, 1864 of The Standard and River Plate News.

In 1880, he communicated to Martin de Gainza, that they had begun the works destined to the collection funds for the acquisition of arms and costumes for the Fortín de Areco.[26] In addition to serving in the border militias, Joaquín Canavery was the municipal treasurer of Areco.[27] He was registered in the July 14, 1864 edition of the newspaper The Standard and River Plate News, where it is mentioned participating in the celebrations for the anniversary of the declaration of Independence of the Argentine Republic.[28] His brother Adolfo Canavery, was also registered in that newspaper in the edition of December 31, 1862, where he is mentioned as one of the members of the Municipal Council of Areco.[29]

His wife María Ceballos, served as teaching in Escuela de niñas del Fortín de Areco, the first educational establishment for girls of the town of Areco (inaugurated in 1857).[30] She belonged to the family of Ramón Blanco, a politician of Galician roots who served as alcalde of Areco in 1814.[31]

His family was linked to Miguel Duffy, a prominent politician of Carmen de Areco,[32] and of Baldomero Lamela, an army officer who had participated in the Paraguayan War and the Conquest of the desert. His sister Isolina Canavery was married to Nicolás Ugarteche, a grandson of José Francisco de Ugarteche, a prestigious lawyer and politician of Paraguayan origin.[33]

Joaquín Canaveris Esparza and his wife died around 1850 in the Province of Buenos Aires. His great granddaughter, María Elena Canavery, was married to Cornelio Casablanca, a manager of the Banco Español del Río de la Plata.[34] Several of his descendants were married to his relatives, like Rebeca Rodríguez Canavery, who was married to Ricardo Patricio Bayá Canaveris, a grandson of Juan Manuel Canaveris.[35] His great granddaughter Carmen Canavery Martínez, was married to Saturnino Canaveri Segrestán, son of his nephew Francisco Canaveris Pelliza.[36]

His grandson Adolfo Canavery Martínez had a long career as a public auctioneer of the Province of Buenos Aires. In 1890 he served as treasurer of the first committee of the Civic Union Party of the City of Bahia Blanca, chaired by Roberto Payró.[37]

References
  1. Gaceta de Buenos Aires (1810–1821), Companía sud-americana de billetes de banco
  2. Todo es historia, Issues 450–461, Todo es Historia, 2005, 2005
  3. Gaceta de Buenos Aires, Volume 4, Compañía Sud-Americana de Billetes de Banco
  4. Todo es historia, Issues 450–461 (PDF), Todo es Historia, 2005
  5. Las Invasiones Inglesas, Isaac Pearson
  6. Documentos para la historia de la vida pública del libertador, Volume 2, Argentina, 1875
  7. Acuerdos del extinguido Cabildo de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires (Argentina) Cabildo, 1930
  8. Acuerdos del extinguido Cabildo de Buenos Aires, Archivo General de la Nación, 1934
  9. Los negocios del poder: reforma y crisis del estado, 1776–1826, Hugo R. Galmarini
  10. La Institución del Alcalde de Barrio (PDF), Sandra L. Díaz de Zappia
  11. El Consulado de Buenos Aires y sus proyecciones en la historia del Río de la Plata, Volumen 2, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, 1962, 1962
  12. Historia del derecho argentino, Volumen 7 by Ricardo Levene, Editorial G. Kraft, 1952, 1945
  13. De la Ría del Nervión al Río de la Plata: estudio histórico de un proceso migratorio, 1750–1850, Nora Siegrist de Gentile, Óscar Álvarez Gila, 1998, ISBN 9788495206039
  14. El Argos de Buenos-Ayres, Argentina, 1821
  15. Día 19, Gaceta de Buenos Aires
  16. Día 14, Gaceta de Buenos Aires
  17. Diciembre día 2, Gaceta de Buenos Aires
  18. Gaceta de Buenos Aires, Volume 4, Compañía Sud-Americana de Billetes de Banco
  19. Documentos para la historia del general don Manuel Belgrano, Volumen1;Volumen3, El Instituto, 1982, 1982, ISBN 9789509497030
  20. Boletín del Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Doctor Emilio Ravignani", Instituto de Historia Argentina y Americana "Doctor Emilio Ravignani
  21. Gaceta de Buenos Aires (1810–1821), Gazeta de Buenos Ayres, 1914
  22. Las Raices de San Isidro, Stella Maris De Lellis, November 2010, ISBN 9789870248729
  23. Registro Nacional de la República Argentina, Argentina
  24. Registro oficial de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires province, 1875
  25. Historia de Carmen de Areco: 1771–1970, Oscar Ricardo Melli
  26. Catálogo de documentos del Museo Histórico Nacional, Volume 3, República Argentina, 1952
  27. Monitor de la Campaña (PDF), Sitio Oficial de la Municipalidad de Exaltación de la Cruz.
  28. Great News from the Fortin, The Standard and River Plate News
  29. Municipal Lists (PDF), The Standard and River Plate News
  30. Memorias de los diversos departamentos de la administracion de la provincia de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires Province, 1868
  31. Historia de Carmen de Areco: 1771–1970, Archivo Histórico de la Provincia de Buenos Aires "Ricardo Levene", 1974
  32. Quien es quien en la Argentina, G. Kraft, ltda., 1947
  33. El poder legislativo de la nación argentina, Volume 1, Part 2, Carlos Alberto Silva, Argentina, 1937
  34. Anecdotario de Lisandro de la Torre y Debate sobre el comunismo, Edgardo Luis Amaral, 1957
  35. Matrimonios 1910–1911. Nuestra Señora de Balvanera.
  36. Matrimonios 1886, Parroquia Inmaculada Concepción (Buenos Aires)
  37. Congreso Nacional de Historia Argentina, Comisión Post Congreso Nacional de Historia Argentina, 1997, 1997
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