Jessie Scouts

The Jessie Scouts were irregular soldiers during the American Civil War on the side of the Union who frequently operated in the territory of the Confederate States of America.[1][2]

The unit was created by John C. Frémont and named in honor of his wife, rather than of a Colonel Jessie, who was himself a myth.[3] The initial Jessie Scout unit was formed in St. Louis, Missouri early in the war as the plan to develop independent scouts was implemented. The first man to command the scouts was Charles C. Carpenter.[4][5] During insurgency missions the Jessie Scouts wore Confederate uniforms with a white handkerchief over their shoulders to signify their allegiance to friendly troops, and numbered around 58 for much of the war. They were commanded by Major Henry Young from November 1864 until the end of the war.[6] In February 1865 they captured Harry Gilmor and killed Guerilla leader Captain George W Stump.[7]

Henry Young

Major Henry Young (breveted to lieutenant colonel at the end of the war) was the commander of the Jessie Scouts from November 1864 to April 1865. He was born in Mendon, Massachusetts, on February 9, 1841. He was, "A child of slender physique, but handsome, and high-spirited from his boyhood…" Young's father died when he was at a young age, which shaped him into the man he became, as he had to care for his mother and younger sister. When the war started, Young was eager to enlist. " the war broke out the young hero was among the first to answer his country's call. Through the influence of friends he had hopes of a commission, and at Lincoln's call for 75,000 men, he determined to enter the service. With his sister, a child of ten years, driving for him, and a book of tactics open on his knee, he went from house to house, through the villages of Blackstone Valley, stopping in public places and calling a crowd around his carriage, he harangued them with such patriotic ardor that in one day he enlisted sixty-three men. In 1866, Young was killed in a military expedition in Mexico, and a statue was put up in his honor. The statue was dedicated to Young in 1911 and is located at the Kennedy Plaza in Providence, Rhode Island.[8]

William J. Lawton
Captain William J Lawton

William J. Lawton was from Michigan; he was a scout for Julius Stahel in Virginia and George Thomas in Northwest Georgia/Southeast Tenn[9]
On March 31, 1864 while leading a patrol of the 4th Michigan Cavalry he was shot and killed in Walker County, Georgia[10]

Jack Sterry

Jack Sterry was a Jessie Scout who was caught and hanged by the Confederates. He had been pretending to be a Confederate guide, but General Hood became suspicious when Sterry kept changing his story and who he was. "And the guide suddenly remembered that he had never really belonged to Hampton's Legion; that the story grew out of a little romance of his, and had grown out of a love affair. In the Shenandoah Valley, he explained, there was a beautiful maiden who had caught his fancy, but the girl was romantic and did not care for plodding foot-soldiers. All her dreams were of knights and heroes and cavaliers on prancing steeds, so he had deserted from the infantry and captured a horse, and his real name was Harry Brooks, and he believed that in the stress of battle or campaign he could throw himself in the way of some enterprising commander and render such gallant service as would win approval; and when by daring deeds he had distinguished himself, as only a trooper can, he would confess his fault and leave the rest to fortune." Eventually, they found the dying Confederate dispatch bearer. The dispatch bearer had been " 'shot by one of our own men" and had his dispatches stolen. From one account, Sterry's last words were, "...I will simply ask you to say, if you should ever speak of this, that Jack Sterry, when the rebels got him, died as a Jessie Scout should!"[11]

Arch H. Rowand

Arch Rowand was a Jessie Scout who spoke at the dedication of Henry Young's memorial statue in Providence, Rhode Island. A copy of his speech can be found here. Rowand ended his speech with, "In the name of the scouts, we congratulate you and we thank you. You are doing justice to a splendid soul and we feel in every fibre of our being, for we did, and do 'think God A'mighty of him.' "[12]

See also

Notes
  1. "The Jessie Scouts - Homepage". Retrieved 15 May 2009.
  2. Bakeless, p. 314-315.
  3. Bakeless, p. 212.
  4. David L. Phillips: The Jessie Scouts, http://www.jessiescouts.com/JS_Overview.html, 1997, accessed 9 December 2011.
  5. Frank Moore: Exploits of Capt. Carpenter of "The Jessie Scouts", in: The Civil War in Song and Story, 1860-1865, New York: P. F. Collier, Publisher, 1889, pp. 45-47, accessed at "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2008-07-30.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link), 9 December 2011.
  6. John Bakeless: Spies of the Confederacy, Mineola, N.Y.: Courier Dover Publications, 1997, p. 315.
  7. History of the 17th Pennsylvania Cavalry pp.225-228
  8. http://www.jessiescouts.com/JS_Accounts_Young.html
  9. Killed in 1864 query
  10. Who was William J. Lawton
  11. http://www.jessiescouts.com/JS_Accounts_Sterry_Cussons.html
  12. http://www.jessiescouts.com/JS_Accounts_Arch_Speech.html

References
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