Jasminum nudiflorum

Jasminum nudiflorum, the winter jasmine, is a slender, deciduous shrub native to China (Gansu, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Xizang (Tibet), Yunnan). The flower's blossoming peaks right after winter, which is why it is also named Yingchun (迎春) in Chinese, which means "the flower that welcomes Spring". It is widely cultivated as an ornamental and is reportedly naturalized in France and in scattered locations in the United States (Texas, Oklahoma, Georgia, Tennessee, Maryland and New Jersey).[2][3][4]

Winter jasmine
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Oleaceae
Genus: Jasminum
Species:
J. nudiflorum
Binomial name
Jasminum nudiflorum
Synonyms[1]
  • Jasminum angulare Bunge [Illegitimate]
  • Jasminum nudiflorum var. aureum Dippel
  • Jasminum nudiflorum f. nudiflorum Unknown
  • Jasminum nudiflorum var. nudiflorum Unknown
  • Jasminum nudiflorum var. variegatum Mouill.
  • Jasminum sieboldianum Blume

Description
Leaves

It grows to 3 m (10 ft) tall and wide,[5] with arching green shoots and opposite, pinnate, dark green leaves. Each leaf is divided into three oval-oblong leaflets which are about 3 cm long.[4][6]

As its name suggests, in the Northern Hemisphere winter jasmine flowers from November to March. The solitary flowers, often appearing on the bare stems (hence the Latin nudiflorum, literally "naked flower")[7] have six petals and are bright yellow, or white, about 1 cm across, appearing in the leaf axils.

Taxonomy

It is known as rui guo yuan wei in Pidgin.[8]

It is also known as 'jasmim-amarelo' in Portuguese (Brazil) and 'vinterjasmin' in Swedish.[8]

It was collected in China by Robert Fortune.[9]

It was first published and described by Lindl. in the Journal of the Horticultural Society of London Vol.1 on page 153 in 1846.[8][10]

It was verified by United States Department of Agriculture and the Agricultural Research Service on 30 September 2011.[8]

Distribution and range

It is native to China.[8] It is found within many Provinces of China, (including Guangxi (Gansu), Shanxi, Sichuan, Xizang (also referred to as Tibet) and Yunnan.[8]

Cultivation

Jasminum nudiflorum is valued by gardeners as one of the few plants that are in flower during the winter months. It is frequently trained against a wall to provide extra warmth and shelter,[11] but also lends itself to groundcover.[5] It tolerates hard pruning and should be pruned in spring immediately after flowering; regular pruning will help to prevent bare patches. It can also be grown as a bonsai and is very tolerant of the wiring methods. It likes full sun or partial shade and is hardy.

It has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit. [12] It can be propagated using the layering technique.

References
  1. "Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl. is an accepted name". theplantlist.org (The Plant List). 23 March 2012. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  2. Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Jasminum nudiflorum
  3. Biota of North America Program, Jasminum nudiflorum
  4. Flora of China v 15 p 311, Jasminum nudiflorum
  5. RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants. United Kingdom: Dorling Kindersley. 2008. p. 1136. ISBN 1405332964.
  6. Lindley, John. 1846. Journal of the Horticultural Society of London 1: 153–154 Jasminum nudiflorum
  7. Harrison, Lorraine (2012). RHS Latin for gardeners. United Kingdom: Mitchell Beazley. p. 224. ISBN 9781845337315.
  8. "Jasminum nudiflorum". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN). Agricultural Research Service (ARS), United States Department of Agriculture (USDA). Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  9. Nicholson, B.E.; Wallis, Michael (1963). The Oxford Book of Garden Flowers (Revised ed.). London: Oxford University Press (published 1973). p. viii. ISBN 1131802403.
  10. "Oleaceae Jasminum nudiflorum Lindl". ipni.org (International Plant Names Index). Retrieved 5 August 2015.
  11. "PFAF Database - Jasminum nudiflorum". Plants for a future. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
  12. "Jasminum nudiflorum". www.rhs.org. Royal Horticultural Society. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
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