James Preston Poindexter

James Preston Poindexter (October 26, 1819 – February 7, 1907) was an abolitionist, civil rights activist, politician, and baptist minister from Columbus, Ohio. He was born in Richmond, Virginia and moved to Ohio as a young man. In Ohio he was a part of abolitionist and Underground Railroad societies and became a Baptist preacher. From the pulpit, he preached against slavery and for African-American rights. After the American Civil War (1861–1865), he was involved in political activities in Columbus, serving on the City Council, the city Board of Education, the state Forestry Bureau, and as trustee of the Institute for the Blind and of Wilberforce University. At his death, he was noted as the second longest serving advocate for African American rights after Booker T. Washington.[1]

James Preston Poindexter
Poindexter in 1887
Born(1819-10-26)October 26, 1819
Richmond, Virginia, U.S.
DiedFebruary 7, 1907(1907-02-07) (aged 87)
Columbus, Ohio, U.S.
OccupationMinister
Political partyFree Soil Party
Republican
Personal
ReligionBaptist

Biography

Early life

James Preston Poindexter was born in Richmond, Virginia October 26, 1819 to Evelina and Joseph Poindexter.[2][3] His mother was black and Cherokee. Joseph was a white man and may have been a brother of George Poindexter, second governor of Mississippi.[4] Joseph was a journalist at the Richmond Enquirer. His mother died when he was four years old.[2] As a child, he attended school, and at the age ten, he was apprenticed to the barber's business. He worked in an aristocratic shop, and Poindexter became acquainted with many Richmond leaders. He later moved to Ohio, settling in Columbus at the age of twelve. In Ohio, he continued to attend school, now privately, and to work as a barber, which again afforded him a variety of useful contacts.[5] In the 1840s he married.[4] After giving the baccalaureate sermon before the graduating class of the State University, Louisville, Kentucky in May, 1887, he was granted an honorary Doctor of Divinity by the school.[5][6]

Early career
Preston is featured on the historical memorial in front of the Second Baptist Church in Columbus, Ohio

Poindexter was baptized at the Second Baptist Church in Columbus in the spring of 1840, was ordained in 1849, and became pastor of the Second Baptist Church in 1862,[5] serving until 1893.[7] He was a member of the Pastor's Union and later elected president of the union.[5]

He frequently preached against slavery, working against the trend of many preachers failing to respond to claims that the Bible sanctioned slavery. In about 1857 he became president of the society called, "sons of protection", a position he held for 30 years,[5] a secretive African-American civil rights group associated with the Underground Railroad. Other African-American active abolitionists in Columbus included David Jenkins, John Booker, Leslie Washington Sr, and John T. Ward and where helped by white abolitionists including Joseph Sullivant, James E. Coulter, L. G. Van Slyke, Samuel H. Smith, James M. Westwater, the Keltons, William Hanby, Phillip Doddridge, and Eli M. Pinney. In December 1848, Poindexter played an important role in bringing Frederick Douglass to Columbus to speak at a Free Soil Party Convention.[8]

Later career
Poindexter in 1888

After the Civil War, Poindexter was a leading advocate for education of black children.[9] He was a delegate to the 1872 Republican National Convention in Philadelphia and was a delegate to state conventions many times.[1] In 1873, he was the first black man in Ohio nominated to run for a seat in the House of Representatives. He was nominated by the Republican Party, but was defeated[4] by the overwhelmingly Democratic electorate in Franklin County.[10]

Starting in 1880,[7] he served two terms,[2] four years, as a member of the city council of Columbus, serving as council vice-president. He was also appointed to fill a vacancy in the Board of Education and later elected to the position,[5] from 1884 to 1893.[7] He was appointed to a four year term as trustee of the Institute for the Blind by Ohio Governor Charles Foster. He was also appointed trustee of the Athens University (now Ohio University) by Governor George Hoadly but was rejected by the state senate for political reasons[5] in 1885.[11] In 1887 he was appointed to a six year term as a member of the Board of Directors of the Ohio State Forestry Bureau[5] and was reappointed twice more.[2] In September 1888, he served as president of the Columbus Centennial Freedom Jubillee.[12] He was appointed as a trustee for Wilberforce University in 1898 by governor Asa Bushnell.[13] He served as the first black foreman of an Ohio grand Jury. He was a frequent contributor to numerous newspapers and journals[5] and worked closely with Presidents Rutherford B. Hayes and William McKinley and Ohio governor William Dennison Jr..[7]

Death and legacy

In 1898 he resigned as pastor of the Second Baptist Church, although he continued to preach.[14] He died in Columbus on February 7, 1907 of pneumonia and was survived by two grandchildren.[1] The first public housing project built in Columbus, Poindexter Village, was named for him.[4]

References
  1. "A Notable Colored Man has just Passed Away". Xenia Daily Gazette. Xenia, Ohio. February 8, 1907. p. 7. Retrieved October 5, 2016 – via Newspapers.com.
  2. Franklin County at the Beginning of the Twentieth Century, Historical Publishing Company (Franklin County, Ohio), 1901, p364
  3. Simmons, 1887 gives the year as 1817
  4. Simmons, Martha. Preaching with Sacred Fire: An Anthology of African American Sermons, 1750 to the Present. WW Norton & Company, 2010. p322-323
  5. Simmons, William J., and Henry McNeal Turner. Men of Mark: Eminent, Progressive and Rising. GM Rewell & Company, 1887. p394-404
  6. [No Headline] Washington Bee (Washington, DC) June 4, 1887, page 3, accessed November 8, 2016 at https://www.newspapers.com/clip/7370010/no_headline_washington_bee/
  7. Tom Betti, Doreen Uhas Sauer, On This Day in Columbus, Ohio History, Columbus Landmarks Foundation Arcadia Publishing, May 21, 2013
  8. Cole, Charles Chester. A fragile capital: Identity and the early years of Columbus, Ohio. Ohio State University Press, 2001. p193-204
  9. Public Schools for Colored Children, Daily Ohio Statesman (Columbus, Ohio) January 27, 1869, page 3, accessed October 5, 2016 at https://www.newspapers.com/clip/6906038/public_schools_for_colored_children/
  10. No Headline, The Coschocton Democrat (Coshocton, Ohio) September 9, 1873, page 2, accessed October 5, 2016 at https://www.newspapers.com/clip/6906071/no_headline_the_coschocton_democrat/
  11. [No Headline] The Eaton Democrat (Eaton, Ohio) April 23, 1885, page 1, accessed October 5, 2016 at https://www.newspapers.com/clip/6906119/no_headline_the_eaton_democrat/
  12. Arnett, Benjamin William, Centennial Jubilee of Freedom at Columbus, Ohio, Saturday, September 22, 1888 : orations, poems, and addresses. Aldine Printing House (Xenia, Ohio) 1888
  13. Kurtz, The Cincinnati Enquirer (Cincinnati, Ohio) June 15, 1898, page 6, accessed October 5, 2016 at https://www.newspapers.com/clip/6906157/kurtz_the_cincinnati_enquirer/
  14. Poindexter Resigns, The Cincinnati Enquirer (Cincinnati, Ohio) April 5, 1898, page 4, accessed October 5, 2016 at https://www.newspapers.com/clip/6906136/poindexter_resigns_the_cincinnati/
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