Jaborosa

Jaborosa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Solanaceae, the nightshades. There are about 23 species,[1][2][3] all native to South America, where they are distributed from Peru to Patagonia. Most occur in the Andes.[3] Most can be found in Argentina[4] and ten are endemic to the country.[3]

Jaborosa
Jaborosa integrifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Asterids
Order:
Solanales
Family:
Solanaceae
Genus:
Jaborosa

Species

about 23, see text

Description

Most Jaborosa are rhizomatous perennial herbs except J. bergii and J. sativa, which are annual or biennial.[3]

Ecology

J. rotacea is pollinated by flies, and J. runcinata is pollinated by moths.[3] Sphingid moths feed on the nectar of J. integrifolia.[4]

Chemistry

Like plants in several other Solanaceae genera, many Jaborosa species contain steroid-derived compounds called withanolides.[5] Many of the withanolides isolated from Jaborosa have been dubbed jaborosalactones. Some withanolides are phytotoxic, having effects on other plants such as inhibiting germination and radicle growth.[5] Some have antifeedant effects, deterring insects such as mealworms (Tenebrio molitor),[2] the Mediterranean fruit fly (Ceratitis capitata),[1] and the African cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis)[6] from consuming the plant.

Diversity

Species include:[3][7]

  • Jaborosa ameghinoi
  • Jaborosa araucana
  • Jaborosa bergii
  • Jaborosa cabrerae[8]
  • Jaborosa caulescens
  • Jaborosa chubutensis
  • Jaborosa integrifolia
  • Jaborosa kurtzii
  • Jaborosa lanigera
  • Jaborosa leucotricha
  • Jaborosa magellanica
  • Jaborosa odonelliana
  • Jaborosa oxipetala
  • Jaborosa parviflora
  • Jaborosa pinnata
  • Jaborosa reflexa
  • Jaborosa riojana
  • Jaborosa rotacea
  • Jaborosa runcinata
  • Jaborosa sativa
  • Jaborosa squarrosa
  • Jaborosa volkmannii

References
  1. Tettamanzi, M. C., et al. (2007). A new antifeedant withanolide from Jaborosa lanigera. Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 62(4) 573-76.
  2. Bonetto, G. M., et al. (1995). Novel withanolides from Jaborosa sativa. Journal of Natural Products 58(5) 705-11.
  3. Chiarini, F. E. and G. E. Barboza. (2008). Karyological studies in Jaborosa (Solanaceae). Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society 156(3) 467-78.
  4. Vesprini, J. L. and L. Galetto. (2000). The reproductive biology of Jaborosa integrifolia (Solanaceae): Why its fruits are so rare? Plant Systematics and Evolution 225(1-4), 15-28.
  5. Nicotra, V. E., et al. (2006). Phytotoxic withanolides from Jaborosa rotacea. Journal of Natural Products 69(5) 783-89.
  6. Vaccarini, C. E. and G. M. Bonetto. (2000). Antifeedant activity evaluation of withanolides from Jaborosa integrifolia. Molecules 5 422-23.
  7. Jaborosa. Solanaceae Source. Retrieved 6 July 2013.
  8. Barboza, G. (1986). Una nueva especie de Jaborosa (Solanaceae). Kurtziana 18 89-92.
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