Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui

Jérôme-Adolphe Blanqui (November 21, 1798 – January 28, 1854) was a French economist. His most important contributions were made in labour economics, economic history and especially the history of economic thought, in which field his 1837 treatise has been the first major work. He was a disciple of Jean-Baptiste Say to whom he succeeded in 1833 to the chair of political economy at the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers, and a free trader.

Adolphe Blanqui

Life

Blanqui was born at Nice in November 1798, the son of the Girondin politician Jean-Dominique Blanqui; the revolutionary Louis-Auguste Blanqui was his younger brother.[1] He began his career as an instructor, giving his time to chemistry and other sciences allied to medicine, acting as assistant professor of the humanities in the Institution Massin, a Paris secondary school. This job brought him into connection with Say, who procured for young Blanqui the chair of History and Industrial Economy at the School of Commerce in Paris (now ESCP Europe).[2] At the time, this business school was the best known in Europe.[3] As the French scholar Adrien Jean-Guy Passant reveals, Adolphe Blanqui bought the school in 1830 and turned it into a family business until 1869.[4]

In 1830, Blanqui rose to the position of director of the school, and in 1833, he succeeded Say in the professor's chair in the Conservatoire des Arts et Métiers. He advocated principles of commercial freedom but also showed sympathy for the working class. As a writer, he was noted for research, lucidity, occasional sallies of wit, brilliant passages and eloquence.

Blanqui was an early member of the Société d'économie politique organized in 1842 by Pellegrino Rossi.[5]

Blanqui died in Paris on January 28, 1854.

Works
Histoire de l'économie politique en Europe, 1837

Blanqui's major work is Histoire de l'économie politique en Europe depuis les anciens jusqu'à nos jours (1837), translated in English in 1880 as History of Political Economy in Europe.[6] His other publications include Résumé de l'histoire du commerce et de l'industrie (1826), Précis élémentaire d'économie politique(1826), De la situation économique et morale de l'Espagne (1846) and Les classes ouvrières en France (1848).

Besides journalistic articles, Blanqui published also:8-

  • Travels in England and Scotland (1824);
  • Journey to Madrid (1826);
  • A series of Reports on the Products of French Industry in 1827 (1827);
  • The English Minister Huskisson, and his Economic Reform;
  • Report on the Economic and Moral Condition of Corsica (1838);
  • Report on the Economic Condition of the French Possessions in Algeria (1840);
  • Voyage en Bulgarie pendant l'année 1841 (1 ed.). Paris: W. Coquebert. 1843 – via Internet Archive.;
  • Report on the World's Fair in London (1851); and
  • Life and Work of Jean Baptiste Say.

A series of letters between Blanqui and Emile de Girardin, in which free trade and protection were discussed, appeared in 1846 and 1847.

References
  • "Blanqui, Jérôme-Adolphe", in The New Palgrave: A Dictionary of Economics, Eatwell, Milgate, Newman (eds.), 1987.
  • Blanqui, Jérôme-Adolphe. 1880. History of political economy in Europe. Translated by E. J. Leonard. New York: Putnam.
  • McCulloch, J.R. (1845). The Literature of Political Economy
  • Schumpeter, J.A. (1954). History of Economic Analysis

Notes
  1. Patrick H. Hutton (January 1981). The Cult of the Revolutionary Tradition: The Blanquists in French Politics, 1864-1893. University of California Press. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-520-04114-1.
  2. "Adrien Jean-Guy Passant (2018): Between filial piety and managerial opportunism: The strategic use of the history of a family business after the buyout by non-family purchasers, Entreprises et Histoire, Volume 91, Issue 2, pp.62-81, 2018".
  3. "Adrien Jean-Guy Passant (2019): The early emergence of European commercial education in the nineteenth century: Insights from higher engineering schools, Business History, Volume 61, Issue 6, pp.1051-1082, 2019".
  4. Adrien Jean-Guy Passant (2020): À l’origine des écoles de commerce : ESCP Business School, la passion d’entreprendre, L'Harmattan, 2020, ISBN 978-2-343-18659-7.
  5. Courtois, Alphonse (1846), "Notice historique", Annales de la Société d'économie politique (in French): 7–10, retrieved 2017-08-18
  6. Blanqui, Jérôme-Adolphe (1885). History of Political Economy in Europe; Translated from the Fourth French Edition by Emily J. Leonard With A Preface by David A. Wells (1 ed.). New York & London: G.P. Putnam's Sons – via Internet Archive.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Blanqui, Jérôme Adolphe". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.

 This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Wood, James, ed. (1907). "Blanqui, Adolphe". The Nuttall Encyclopædia. London and New York: Frederick Warne.

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