International Union for Cooperation in Solar Research

The International Union for Cooperation in Solar Research was an international organization dedicated to solar research between 1905 and 1913. It is one of the precursor organizations of the International Astronomical Union.

International Union for Cooperation in Solar Research
SuccessorInternational Astronomical Union
Formation1905 (1905)
FounderGeorge Ellery Hale
Dissolved1913 (1913)

The Union was the brain-child of George Ellery Hale, who had realized the potential value of an international organization to coordinate scientific research and, by virtue of his extensive travels throughout Europe, had many contacts among eminent astronomers and solar physicists. Hale suggested to the National Academy of Sciences of the US the formation of a committee with the aim of forming such an international organization, and, as the committee's chairman, began contacting various scientific academies. His efforts led to a meeting at the St. Louis Exposition of 1904 and included representatives from 16 national scientific societies, but notably not from the Prussian Academy of Sciences, which had declined the invitation. (Instead, German delegates from the German Physical Society were present.)

The delegates proceeded to appoint a committee that was to create the Union as a permanent international scientific organization; the new organization had its first constituted meeting at Oxford in England a year later.[1] Further meetings were held in Paris in 1907[2] and at Mount Wilson in 1910,[3][4][5] where the purview of the Union was enlarged to include stellar research, in keeping with Hale's emphasis on the Sun as just one among the many other stars. Shortly after the last meeting in Bonn in 1913, World War I broke out, which effectively put an end to the Union's activities, which would later find continuation after the 1919 founding of the International Astronomical Union.[6]

References
  1. "The International Union for Cooperation in Solar Research". Nature. 72: 490. 1905. doi:10.1038/072490a0.
  2. "L'Union International Pour Les Recherches Solaires". L'Astronomie (in French). 27: 386–394. 1907. Bibcode:1913LAstr..27..386.
  3. Wilson, H. C. (October 1910). "The fourth conference of the International Union for Co-operation in Solar Research". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 22 (133): 169–170. JSTOR 40691725.
  4. Frost, Edwin B. (October 1910). "MINOR CONTRIBUTIONS AND NOTES: The International Union for Co-operation in Solar Research". Astrophysical Journal. 32: 261–262. Bibcode:1910ApJ....32..258F. doi:10.1086/141803.
  5. Babcock, H.D. (October 21, 1910). "The Fourth Conference of the International Union for Cooperation in Solar Research". Science. 32 (825): 541–546. doi:10.1126/science.32.825.541.
  6. Adams, Walter S. (February 1949). "The History of the International Astronomical Union". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 61 (358): 5-12. Bibcode:1949PASP...61....5A. doi:10.1086/126108.


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