Idris ibn Qatadah

Idrīs ibn Qatādah ibn Idrīs al-Ḥasanī was Emir of Mecca from 1254 to 1270, with interruptions. The majority of his reign was in partnership with his grandnephew Abu Numayy ibn Abi Sa'd ibn Ali.

Biography

In 1254 he deposed his nephew Ghanim ibn Rajih from the Emirate of Mecca in partnership with Abu Numayy ibn Abi Sa'd, with only three killed in the fighting. They reigned together until (c. 6 January 1255), when they were deposed by the emir al-Mubariz Ibn Birtas on behalf of al-Muzaffar of Yemen. Idris and Abu Numayy retook Mecca two months later, four nights 6 March 1255. Ibn Birtas ransomed himself and returned to Yemen.

In 1256 Idris was briefly deposed by Abu Numayy when he left Mecca to visit his brother Rajih. When he returned to Mecca with Rajih the three sharifs reconciled.

Idris was deposed a second time in c. 1268. Abu Numayy wrote to al-Zahir Baybars of Egypt, explaining that he had witnessed in Idris an inclination towards al-Muzaffar Yusuf of Yemen and his state, due to which he had expelled his uncle. After that Idris gathered his forces and returned to Mecca, the two reconciled, and Idris wrote to the Sultan expressing his loyalty.

In 1270 there again occurred a dispute between the two sharifs, in which Abu Numayy's son was killed. He fled to Yanbu, where he sought support from its Emir. After assembling an army he set out for Mecca and fought Idris at Khulays. He wounded Idris, then dismounted his horse and decapitated him.

According to al-Muyurqi, Abu Numayy was expelled from Mecca after his son was killed in Rabi I (sometime c. 18 October – c. 16 November), and he killed Idris 40 days after that. That would place Idris's death in Rabi II or Jumada I (sometime c. 26 November – c. 25 December).

References

• de Zambaur, E. (1927). Manuel de généalogie et de chronologie pour l'histoire de l'Islam (in French). Hanovre: Heinz Lafaire. p. 21.
• Daḥlān, Aḥmad ibn Zaynī (1888). Tārīkh al-duwal al-Islāmīyah bi-al-jadāwil al-marḍīyah تاريخ الدول الإسلامية بالجداول المرضية (in Arabic). al-Qāhirah: al-Maṭba‘ah al-Bahīyah. p. 144.
• al-Ghāzī, ‘Abd Allāh ibn Muḥammad (2009). ‘Abd al-Malik ibn ‘Abd Allāh ibn Duhaysh (ed.). Ifādat al-anām إفادة الأنام (in Arabic). 3 (1st ed.). Makkah: Maktabat al-Asadī. pp. 148–152.
• Ibn Fahd, ‘Izz al-Dīn ‘Abd al-‘Azīz ibn ‘Umar ibn Muḥammad (1986). Shaltūt, Fahīm Muḥammad (ed.). Ghāyat al-marām bi-akhbār salṭanat al-Balad al-Ḥarām غاية المرام بأخبار سلطنة البلد الحرام (in Arabic). 1 (1st ed.). Makkah: Jāmi‘at Umm al-Qurá, Markaz al-Baḥth al-‘Ilmī wa-Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-Islāmī, Kullīyat al-Sharīʻah wa-al-Dirāsāt al-Islāmīyah. pp. 640–642.
• Ibn Fahd, ‘Izz al-Dīn ‘Abd al-‘Azīz ibn ‘Umar ibn Muḥammad (1988). Shaltūt, Fahīm Muḥammad (ed.). Ghāyat al-marām bi-akhbār salṭanat al-Balad al-Ḥarām غاية المرام بأخبار سلطنة البلد الحرام (in Arabic). 2 (1st ed.). Makkah: Jāmi‘at Umm al-Qurá, Markaz al-Baḥth al-‘Ilmī wa-Iḥyā’ al-Turāth al-Islāmī, Kullīyat al-Sharīʻah wa-al-Dirāsāt al-Islāmīyah. pp. 9–14.
• al-‘Aṣimī, ‘Abd al-Malik ibn Ḥusayn (1998). ‘Ādil Aḥmad ‘Abd al-Mawjūd; ‘Alī Muḥammad Mu‘awwaḍ (eds.). Samṭ al-nujūm al-‘awālī fī anbā’ al-awā’il wa-al-tawālī سمط النجوم العوالي في أنباء الأوائل والتوالي (in Arabic). 4. Bayrūt: Dār al-Kutub al-‘Ilmīyah. pp. 236–239.
• Daḥlan, Aḥmad Zaynī (2007) [1887/1888]. Khulāṣat al-kalām fī bayān umarā’ al-Balad al-Ḥarām خلاصة الكلام في بيان أمراء البلد الحرام (in Arabic). Dār Arḍ al-Ḥaramayn. pp. 88–89.