Hypertrophic scar

A hypertrophic scar is a cutaneous condition characterized by deposits of excessive amounts of collagen which gives rise to a raised scar, but not to the degree observed with keloids.[1] Like keloids, they form most often at the sites of pimples, body piercings, cuts and burns. They often contain nerves and blood vessels. They generally develop after thermal or traumatic injury that involves the deep layers of the dermis and express high levels of TGF-β.

Hypertrophic scar
Hypertrophic scar (4 months after incident)

Cause

Mechanical tension on a wound has been identified as a leading cause for hypertrophic scar formation.[3]

When a normal wound heals, the body produces new collagen fibers at a rate which balances the breakdown of old collagen. Hypertrophic scars are red and thick and may be itchy or painful. They do not extend beyond the boundary of the original wound, but may continue to thicken for up to six months. Hypertrophic scars usually improve over one or two years, but may cause distress due to their appearance or the intensity of the itching; they can also restrict movement if they are located close to a joint.

Some people have an inherited tendency to hypertrophic scarring, for example, those with Ehlers–Danlos syndrome.

Prevention and treatment

It is not possible to completely prevent hypertrophic scars, so those with a history of them should inform their doctor or surgeon if they need surgery.

Scar therapies, such as cryosurgery, may speed up the process of change from a hypertrophic scar to a flatter, paler one.[4]

See also
  • Keloid
  • List of cutaneous conditions

References
  1. Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 978-1-4160-2999-1.
  2. Jeschke, Marc G.; Kamolz, Lars-Peter; Sjöberg, Folke; Wolf, Steven E. (23 August 2012). Acute Burn Care. Handbook of Burns. 1. Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3-7091-0348-7.
  3. Yagmur C, Akaishi S, Ogawa R, Guneren E (August 2010). "Mechanical receptor-related mechanisms in scar management: A review and hypothesis". Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. 126 (2): 426–34. doi:10.1097/PRS.0b013e3181df715d. PMID 20375759. cited in Acute Burn Care (2012) page 332.[2]
  4. Zouboulis, C. C.; Blume, U.; Büttner, P.; Orfanos, C. E. (September 1993). "Outcomes of cryosurgery in keloids and hypertrophic scars. A prospective consecutive trial of case series". Archives of Dermatology. 129 (9): 1146–1151. ISSN 0003-987X. PMID 8363398.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.