Hussein Farrah Aidid

Hussein Mohamed Farrah Aidid (Somali: Xuseen Maxamed Faarax Caydiid, Arabic: حسين محمد فارح عيديد‎) (born August 16, 1962) is the son of General Mohamed Farrah Aidid. His father was leader of the Somali National Alliance (SNA), the organization that fought US forces in Mogadishu, and became the President of Somalia on June 15, 1995, through his death on August 2, 1996, after being shot in a tribal battle. Farrah succeeded his father as leader of the SNA, and two days after his father's death, the SNA declared Farrah as the new President, although he too was not internationally recognized as such.[1][2] Farrah relinquished his claim as president in December 1997, by signing the Cairo Declaration, a significant step toward peace in Somalia.[3]

Hussein Mohamed Farrah Aidid
حسين محمد فرح عيديد
Xuseen Maxamed Faarax Caydiid
Personal details
Born (1962-08-16) August 16, 1962
Mudug Region, Somalia
NationalitySomali
American
Political partySomali National Alliance (SNA)
AwardsMarine Corps Expeditionary Medal
Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal
Military service
Branch/serviceUnited States Marine Corps
Years of service1987–1995
RankCorporal
UnitBattery B, 14th Marine Regiment
2nd Battalion, 9th Marine Regiment
Battles/warsOperation Desert Storm
Operation Restore Hope

Farrah is a veteran of the United States Marine Corps, having served during Desert Storm, serving in the US military from 1987–1995.

Early life

Born in Galkacyo, Farrah is a son of Mohamed Farrah Aidid and is sometimes known as Hussein Mohamed Farrah Aidid, Hussein Aidid[4] or Aidid Junior.[5] He emigrated to the United States when he was 17 years old,[6] and attended Covina High School, Covina, California, graduating in 1981.

United States military service

In April 1987, Farrah enlisted in the United States Marine Corps Reserve. Following his training, he was assigned to the FDC, Fire Direction Control center, of Battery B of the 1st Battalion, 14th Marine Regiment at the Marine Corps reserve training center in Pico Rivera, California.[7] He served during Operation Desert Storm when B 1/14 was mobilized in support of that war. He served in Somalia as a interpreter during Operation Restore Hope, having been chosen because he was the only United States Marine who spoke Somali.[8] Following his discharge, he remained in the United States and became a naturalized citizen.

Somali National Alliance (SNA)

When he turned 30 years old, Farrah was selected by the Habar Gidir clan as successor to his father and returned to Somalia.[9] In the second half of the 1990s, different faction leaders vied for the Presidency, with none receiving international recognition. General Mohamed Farrah Aidid claimed to be President from June 15, 1995 to his death on August 1, 1996. Following this Hussein was sworn in as "interim President",[2] and became leader of the Somali National Alliance (SNA), the same alliance his father led against the US forces. Farrah was seen by the West as a chance of improvement for the relationships between them and Somalia.

On September 1, 1996, Aidid met with UN representatives for the first time, to deal with issues left over as legacies of his father's administration. Issues addressed at the meeting which needed to be resolved before the return of UN workers and the resumption of UN assistance.[10]

On December 17, 1996, rival warlord Ali Mahdi Mohamed attacked his headquarters, leaving 135 dead after five days of fighting in Mogadishu.[11]

On December 22, 1997, he relinquished the disputed title of President by signing the Cairo Declaration, in Cairo, Egypt following a peace process between the Salbalar administration and the Soodare Group.[12]

On March 30, 1998, Ali Mahdi Mohamed and Hussein Aidid signed a peace treaty in which they agreed to share power over Mogadishu, ending seven years of fighting following the ousting of Siad Barre.[11]

On February 23, 1999, militiamen loyal to Aidid murdered 60 civilians in Baidoa and Daynunay.[11]

Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC)
Further information: Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council

Hussein Aidid refused to recognize the newly forming Djibouti-backed Mogadishu-based Transitional Federal Government (TFG),[13] accusing it of "harboring militant Islamist sympathizers."[14] Instead he formed the rival Somali Reconciliation and Restoration Council (SRRC) in early 2001.

At some time during late 2001, he advised US President George W. Bush that a money transfer and telecommunications company, Al Barakaat, "had ties to terrorists and that there were terrorists in Somalia sympathetic to Osama bin Laden."[11] He also "warned that militant Islamist Pakistani proselytizers were active in Mogadishu and other Somali cities and that they have strong links to Al-Itihaad al-Islamiya."[14]

Transitional Federal Government (TFG)
Further information: Transitional Federal Government

Offices held:

  • Deputy Prime Minister (2005 – May 13, 2007)
  • Minister of the Interior (2005 – February 7, 2007)
  • Minister of Public Works and Housing (February 7, 2007 – December 2008)

In July 2003, at the Somali National Reconciliation Conference, the SRRC and TNG leadership reached key compromises: "The TNG accepted the number of parliamentarians proposed by the SRRC while the latter approved the inclusion of politicians as requested by the TNG."[15]

On October 25, 2005, Aidid handed over the USC/SNA's combined 3,500 landmines to non-profit Geneva Call. He and other faction leaders had agreed to stop burying land mines as a further sign of the ending of years of civil war.[5]

On December 28, 2006, after the defeat of the Islamic Courts Union (ICU), Aidid was present when government forces entered Mogadishu.[16]

On May 13, 2007, he was sacked from the position of deputy prime minister, with the reason being given that he was inactive in his duties. This followed Aidid's defection to Asmara, Eritrea, and his accusation that Ethiopia was guilty of "genocide" and calling for its withdrawal.[17]

See also

References
  1. Kampeas, Ron (November 2, 2002). "From Marine to warlord: The strange journey of Hussein Farrah Aidid". Associated Press. Retrieved February 28, 2007.
  2. "Death of a Warlord: The succession". Archived from the original on November 18, 2006. Retrieved January 30, 2007.
  3. "SECURITY COUNCIL WELCOMES RESULTS OF SOMALI LEADERS' MEETINGS IN CAIRO".
  4. Somalia's thoughtful 'warlord' BBC
  5. Somalia: Somali faction hands over thousands of landmines Archived March 16, 2014, at the Wayback Machine SomaliNet
  6. From Marine to warlord: The strange journey of Hussein Farrah Aidid
  7. Ricks, Thomas (1997). Making The Corps. New York: Scribner. p. 219.
  8. "Boston.com / Fighting Terrorism". The Boston Globe.
  9. Hussein Farrah Aydiid Dictator for Hire
  10. Somalia: Humanitarian Situation Report, September 1996 UN Humanitarian Coordinator and Resident Representative for Somalia
  11. Timeline Somalia Timelines.ws
  12. "Somali Factions Sign Peace Agreement". CNN. December 22, 1997. Archived from the original on March 9, 2008. Retrieved January 14, 2007.
  13. Somali warlords form unity council BBC
  14. Africa Policy E-Journal, December 2002 Archived December 6, 2006, at the Wayback Machine Africa Action
  15. Weekly Sitrep no. 20 (Covering from 05th to July 11, 2003) Archived March 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine NOVIB SOMALIA Somali National Reconciliation Conference
  16. [http://www.middle-east-online.com/english/?id=18979 Somali PM enters Mogadishu On February 7, 2007, as part of Prime Minister Ali Mohamed Ghedi's cabinet reshuffling, he was moved from Minister of the Interior to Minister of Public Works and Housing.<ref name=PM-RESHUFFLES-CABINET>"Somalia: PM reshuffles cabinet". SomaliNet. February 7, 2007. Archived from the original on February 17, 2012. Retrieved February 10, 2007.
  17. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on May 16, 2007. Retrieved May 16, 2007.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
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