Henry Willis (politician)

Henry Willis (6 April 1860 – 23 February 1950) was an Australian politician, born in Port Adelaide, South Australia to English mariner John Willis and Jane, née Emmerson. Having been locally educated, Willis worked at his father's tannery, and in 1884 became a committee member of the South Australian Literary Societies' Union. The following year he had established his own tannery and was serving on the local board of health and Hindmarsh Municipal Council.[1]

Henry Willis
Member of the Australian Parliament for Robertson
In office 29 March 1901 – 13 April 1910
Preceded by	New seat
Succeeded by	William Johnson
Personal details
Born	6 April 1860 Port Adelaide, South Australia
Died	23 February 1950 (aged 89) Middle Harbour
Nationality	Australian
Political party	Free Trade (1901–06) Anti-Socialist (1906–09) Liberal (1909–13)
Occupation	Tanner

Municipal politics

Willis relocated to Sydney in 1888, intending to become a minister in the Church of England. He married Annie Louisa Moore at Campbelltown on 20 September 1889, with whom he had five children. He was the first mayor of Cabramatta and Canley Vale in 1893 and served on Camden (1897–99) and Randwick (1899–1902) councils.[1] He was unsuccessful as an independent Free Trade candidate at the 1894 election for the district of Sydney-Denison,[2] and at the 1898 election for the district of Camden.[3]

Federal politics

Willis was elected to the Australian House of Representatives in 1901, as the Free Trade member for Robertson. He remained in this position until 1910, when he was defeated.[1]

State politics

Shortly after his defeat in 1910, Willis stood as the Liberal Party candidate for the New South Wales Legislative Assembly seat of Upper Hunter, which he won with 51.85% of the vote.[4][5]

When Labor lost the majority in the Assembly in July 1911 it appointed Willis, who, as an Opposition member, had offered himself to avoid a dissolution, as Speaker. His Liberal colleagues accused him of betraying his party, some even calling him "Judas" and a "political leper". Having embraced Robert Lowe's ideals, Willis became a more active Speaker, claiming authority to remove members, censor their speeches and questions, and exclude journalists from the press gallery. He also completely reformed the Speaker's office and staff, but most of these reforms were ephemeral.

Willis's measures angered both Liberal and Labor members; once, he even summoned the police to eject seven Liberals from the House. He incurred several civil actions for assault and illegal ejection (John Perry's 1911 action was successful), and was labelled a "petty Napoleon". He became increasingly unpopular, constantly lampooned in the press, and almost hated within the House. He resigned the Speakership on 22 July 1913,[5] and was defeated as an independent Liberal at the 1913 election.[6]

His last appearance in politics was as an unsuccessful Labor candidate for the state seat of North Shore in 1920.[7][8]

Later life

Willis personified the Victorian ideal of the "cultivated" gentleman, and was noted for his parliamentary eloquence. He possessed four estates, one of them in Queensland. Willis died at his home at Middle Harbour on 23 February 1950, and was survived by his wife, a son and two daughters.

References

1. Spearritt, Peter; Stewart, Elizabeth (1990). "Willis, Henry (1860-1950)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Melbourne University Press. ISSN 1833-7538. Retrieved 25 July 2020 – via National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
2. Green, Antony. "1894 Sydney-Denison". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
3. Green, Antony. "1898 Camden". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
4. Green, Antony. "1910 Upper Hunter". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
5. "The Hon. Henry Willis (1860-1950)". Former Members of the Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 11 May 2019.
6. Green, Antony. "1913 Upper Hunter". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
7. "In the electorate: North Shore". The Sydney Morning Herald. 11 March 1920. p. 6. Retrieved 25 July 2020 – via Trove.
8. Green, Antony. "1920 North Shore". New South Wales Election Results 1856-2007. Parliament of New South Wales. Retrieved 25 July 2020.