Henry Howard, 15th Earl of Arundel

Henry Frederick Howard, 15th Earl of Arundel PC (15 August 1608 – 17 April 1652), styled Lord Maltravers until 1640, and Baron Mowbray from 1640 until 1652, was an English nobleman, chiefly remembered for his role in the development of the rule against perpetuities.

The Earl of Arundel
Born	15 August 1608
Died	17 April 1652 (aged 43)
Buried	Arundel Castle, Arundel, West Sussex, England
Noble family	Howard
Spouse(s)	Lady Elizabeth Stuart
Issue 12, including: Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk Lord Philip Howard Lord Charles Howard Lord Bernard Howard
Father	Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel
Mother	Alethea Talbot

Background

Arundel was the second son of Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel, and Lady Alethea Talbot, later 13th Baroness Furnivall. After his father's death in 1646 he became Earl of Arundel and the titular head of the Howard family.

Early life

Arundel's grandmother Anne, the dowager Countess, arranged for Henry to be baptised and christened as "Frederick Henry" at Woodstock Palace with Queen Anne as godmother. The Queen's children Henry and Elizabeth were also present.[1] He studied at St John's College, Cambridge, matriculating in 1624.[2]

Public life

Before ascending to the peerage, Lord Arundel had served as Member of Parliament for Arundel in the Parliament of England from 1628 until 1629. He was again elected to represent Arundel in March 1640, but was called to the House of Lords by writ of acceleration as Baron Mowbray, one of his father's subsidiary titles, before he could take his seat. He also represented Callan in the Parliament of Ireland in 1634. He had been due to inherit his mother's peerage (Baron Furnivall), but he pre-deceased her and upon her death in 1654 it was inherited by his eldest son Thomas.

The entailment

Henry sought to control the succession to some of his real property after his death. Toward that end, he placed in his will a shifting executory limitation so that title to some property would pass to his eldest son (who was mentally deficient) and then to his second son, and title to other property would pass to his second son, and then to his fourth son. The estate plan also included provisions for shifting the titles many generations later if certain conditions should occur.

When his second son, Henry, succeeded to the elder brother's property, he did not want to pass the other property to his younger brother, Charles. Charles sued to enforce his interest, and the court (in this instance, the House of Lords) held that such a shifting condition could not exist indefinitely. The judges believed that tying up property too long beyond the lives of people living at the time was wrong, although the exact period was not determined for another 150 years.[3]

Family

Lord Arundel married Lady Elizabeth Stuart, daughter of Esme Stuart, 3rd Duke of Lennox, on 7 March 1626. They had nine sons and three daughters:

• Thomas Howard, 5th Duke of Norfolk (1626/27–1677), died without issue
• Henry Howard, 6th Duke of Norfolk (1628–1683/84), had issue; (ancestor of 7th through 9th Dukes of Norfolk)
• Hon. Philip Howard (1629–1694), Catholic Cardinal
• Hon. Charles Howard (1630–1713), married Mary Tattershall (d. 1695), had issue, including Henry Howard of Greystoke; who married Mary Aylward (d. 1747), had issue, including Charles Howard, 10th Duke of Norfolk (through whom Charles Howard, 11th Duke of Norfolk was also descended);
• Lady Anne Howard (born 1632)
• Lady Catherine Howard (1634–1655)
• Hon. Talbot Howard (born 1636)
• Hon. Edward Howard (1637–1691), married Anne Wilbraham, had issue. Edward's great-grandson Thomas Howard (1736–1824), a Quaker, renounced succession c. 1812; succession then passed to the issue of Hon. Bernard Howard of Glossop (below).
• Hon. Francis Howard (1640–1683), died in Geele, Belgium as stated in his brother Cardinal Philip Howard's Biography.
• Hon. Bernard Howard of Glossop (1641–1717), married Catherine Tattershall (died 1727, sister of his brother Charles's wife Mary) and had issue, including Bernard Howard II of Glossop, who married Anne Roper (died 1744), had issue, including Henry Howard of Glossop and Sheffield, who married Juliana Molyneux, had issue, including Bernard Howard, 12th Duke of Norfolk (from who all subsequent Dukes of Norfolk descend) and Lord Henry Howard-Molyneux-Howard;
• Hon. Esme Howard (1645–1728), had one daughter, who died unmarried
• Lady Elizabeth Howard (1651–1705)
• Hon. John Howard (1652–1711)

Ancestry

Ancestors of Henry Howard, 15th Earl of Arundel

16. Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey 8. Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk 4. Philip Howard, 13th Earl of Arundel 9. Lady Mary FitzAlan 2. Thomas Howard, 14th Earl of Arundel 10. Thomas Dacre, 4th Baron Dacre 5. Hon. Anne Dacre 11. Elizabeth Leyburne 1. Henry Howard, 15th Earl of Arundel 12. George Talbot, 6th Earl of Shrewsbury 6. Gilbert Talbot, 7th Earl of Shrewsbury 13. Lady Gertrude Manners 3. Lady Alethea Tabot 14. Sir William Cavendish 7. Mary Cavendish 15. Elizabeth Hardwick

References

1. G. R. Batho. ed., Calendar of Talbot Papers, vol.2 (HMC, HMSO, 1971), p. 336: Lodge vol. 3, p. 238
2. Linehan, Peter (2011). St John's College Cambridge: A History. Woodbridge: The Boydell Press. pp. 101–2. ISBN 978-1843836087.
3. Cadell v. Palmer 1 Cl. & Fin. 372, 6 Eng. Rep. 936 (H.L. 1832, 1833)

• thePeerage.com
• Tudor Palace
• "Howard, Henry Frederick" . Dictionary of National Biography. London: Smith, Elder & Co. 1885–1900.