Haryanvi people

The Haryanvi people are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group native to Haryana, in northern India. They speak Haryanvi, a central Indo-Aryan language related to Western Hindi, as well as other similar dialects such as Ahirwati, Mewati, and Bagri. The term Haryanvi people has been used both in ethnolinguistic sense as well for someone who is from Haryana.[1][2][3][4]

Haryanvi
Total population
25 million
Regions with significant populations
India (Haryana, Delhi)
Languages
Haryanvi, Hindi, and English
Religion
Predominantly:

Minority:
Sikhism, Islam
Related ethnic groups
Indo-Aryan peoples

History

Haryana has been inhabited since the pre-historic period. During the Bronze Age period, Haryana was part of Indus valley civilization. The ancient sites of Rakhigarhi and Bhirrana are one of the oldest sites of Indus valley civilization.[5] In the Vedic era, Haryana was part of Kuru Kingdom during 1200 BCE.[6][7][8]

Harsha Ka Tila mound, ruins from the reign of 7th century ruler Harsha.

The Pushyabhuti dynasty ruled the region in 7th century with its capital at Thanesar. Harsha was a prominent king of the dynasty.[9] The Tomara dynasty ruled the region in 10th century.[10]

In 1398, Timur attacked and sacked the cities of Sirsa, Fatehabad, Sunam, Kaithal and Panipat.[11][12]

Portrait of Hem Chandra Vikramaditya, who fought and won across North India from the Punjab to Bengal, winning 22 straight battles.[13]

Hem Chandra Vikramaditya claimed royal status after defeating Akbar's Mughal forces on 7 October 1556 in the Battle of Delhi. The area that is now Haryana has been ruled by some of the major empires of India. In the First Battle of Panipat (1526), Babur defeated the Lodis. In the Second Battle of Panipat (1556), Akbar defeated the local Haryanvi Hindu Emperor of Delhi, who belonged to Rewari. Hem Chandra Vikramaditya had earlier won 22 battles across India from Punjab to Bengal, defeating Mughals and Afghans. Hemu had defeated Akbar's forces twice at Agra and the Battle of Delhi in 1556 to become the last Hindu Emperor of India with a formal coronation at Purana Quila in Delhi on 7 October 1556. In the Third Battle of Panipat (1761), the Afghan king Ahmad Shah Abdali defeated the Marathas.[14]

The state of Haryana came into existence on 1 November 1966 after the Punjab Reorganisation Act (1966) passed.[15]

Castes and communities

The main communities in Haryana are Jat, Ahir, Brahmin, khatik, Gujjar, Rajput, Saini, Agarwal, Harijan, Bishnoi etc.[16]

Culture

Cuisine

Haryana is agricultural state known for producing foodgrains such as wheat, barley, pearl millet, maize, rice and high-quality dairy. Daily village meal in Haryana consist of a simple thali of roti, paired with a leafy stir-fry (saag in dishes such as gajar methi or aloo palak), condiments such as chaas, chutney, pickles. Some known Haryanvi dishes are green choliya (green chickpeas), bathua yogurt, bajre ki roti, sangri ki sabzi (beans), kachri ki chutney (wild cucumber) and bajre ki khichdi. Some sweets are panjiri and pinni prepared by unrefined sugar like bura and shakkar and diary. Malpua are popular during festivals.[17][18]

Folk music
Main article: Music of Haryana

Folk music is integral part of Haryanvi culture. Folk song are sung during occasion of child birth, wedding, festival, and Satsang (singing religious songs).[2]

Notable people
See also: List of people from Haryana

References
  1. "The way tough Haryanvis speak". tribuneindia. 28 December 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  2. "Social Status of a Haryanvi Rural Woman: A Reflective Study through Folk Songs". iitd.ac.com. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  3. https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/archive/features/no-takers-in-their-own-land-753271
  4. https://www.pressreader.com/india/hindustan-times-gurugram/20181224/281629601383742
  5. Singh, Upinder (2008). A History of Ancient and Early medieval India: from the Stone Age to the 12th century. New Delhi: Pearson Education. p. 137. ISBN 978-81-317-1120-0.
  6. Pletcher 2010, p. 63.
  7. Witzel 1995, p. 6.
  8. Witzel 1995.
  9. Hans Bakker 2014, p. 79.
  10. Upinder Singh 2008, p. 571.
  11. Elliot, Sir Henry Miers; Dowson, John (1871). The History of India, as Told by Its Own Historians. The Muhammadan Period: Ed. from the Posthumous Papers of the Late Sir H. M. Elliot . Trübner and Company. pp. 427–31.
  12. Phadke, H.A. (1990). Haryana, Ancient and Medieval. Harman Publishing House. p. 123.
  13. Sarkar 1960, p. 66.
  14. Arnold P. Kaminsky; Roger D. Long (2011). India Today: An Encyclopedia of Life in the Republic. ABC-CLIO. p. 300. ISBN 978-0-313-37462-3.
  15. the punjab reorganisation act, 1966 - Chief Secretary, Haryana (PDF), retrieved 12 November 2015
  16. Bakshi, S. R.; Sharma, Sita Ram; Gajrani, S. (1998). Bansi Lal, Chief Minister of Haryana. ISBN 9788170249856.
  17. "Haryanvi thali: Not just 'dhaba' fare". livemint. 4 May 2018. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  18. "Haryanvi Food: All the best dishes to try from the cuisine". republicworld. 16 November 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2020.

Notes
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