Halicampus macrorhynchus

Halicampus macrorhynchus or also commonly known as the ornate pipefish , whiskered pipefish or winged pipefish is a species of fish in the family Syngnathidae.

Halicampus macrorhynchus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Syngnathiformes
Family: Syngnathidae
Genus: Halicampus
Species:
H. macrorhynchus
Binomial name
Halicampus macrorhynchus
Bamber, 1915
Synonyms[2]

Phanerotokeus gohari Duncker, 1940

Description

The ornate pipefish is a small sized fish that can reach a maximum length of 18 cm.[3] It has a thin and elongate body with reduced fins which are difficult to observe. Its body color varies with its environment to match it and improve its camouflage. It ranges from reddish to brownish through greenish and yellowish.[3] The backside of its body has some small skin growths, forming pairs of fins like, generally eight in number and has also small irregular whitish, pinkish spots.[4] The head is small and does not really stand out from the rest of the body, it has a long snout which extremity can be covered with skin growths.

Distribution

The ornate pipefish is widespread throughout the tropical and subtropical waters of the Indo-West Pacific from the eastern coast of Africa, Red Sea included, until Salomon Islands and from South Japan to the Queensland's area in Australia.[5]

The ornate pipefish is found close to the bottom between the surface and 25 meters deep.[6]

It prefers areas such as reef, sandy bottom or coral rubble with algae or debris in which it can easily hide.[3]

Biology

Like many of their congeners belonging to the family of Pipefishes, the ornate pipefish has a benthic lifestyle and is ovoviviparous.[7]

Its reproduction occurs during a courtship where the female will transfer her eggs in the ventral surface of the male between skin folds forming a kind of protective pouch in which he will fertilize them and protect them during the incubation period.[7]

The ornate pipefish is a carnivore. Its diet is based on small crustaceans and other invertebrates which it aspires through its tubular snout.

References
  1. Kuo, T. & Pollom, R. (2016). "Halicampus macrorhynchus (errata version published in 2017)". The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016: e.T65367594A115422553. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T65367594A67624472.en.
  2. Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2018). "Halicampus macrorhynchus" in FishBase. February 2018 version.
  3. Kuiter, R.H. and T. Tonozuka, 2001. Pictorial guide to Indonesian reef fishes. Part 1. Eels- Snappers, Muraenidae - Lutjanidae. Zoonetics, Australia. 1-302.
  4. http://fran.cornu.free.fr/affichage/affichage_nom.php?id_espece=1429&num_visu=1
  5. Dawson, C.E., 1985. Indo-Pacific pipefishes (Red Sea to the Americas). The Gulf Coast Research Laboratory Ocean Springs, Mississippi, USA.
  6. Lieske, E. and R. Myers, 1994. Collins Pocket Guide. Coral reef fishes. Indo-Pacific & Caribbean including the Red Sea. Harper Collins Publishers, 400 p.
  7. Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen, 1966. Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p.


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