Gilles Le Breton

Gilles Le Breton (died 1553) was a French architect and master-mason during the Renaissance. He is best known as the mastermind of much of the present-day Château de Fontainebleau.

Le Breton's Porte Dorée at Fontainebleau (1528–1540)

In 1526, Le Breton was working at the Château de Chambord under Pierre Nepveu. In 1527, he was appointed “maître général des oeuvres de Maçonnerie du roi,” or master-mason.[1] It was around this time that Francis I started renovations on Fontainebleau, the former medieval hunting lodge of the French monarchs, just to the southeast of Paris. On April 28, 1528, Le Breton signed a contract with the king to pull down the old entrance tower and erect another, along with several smaller towers and galleries. Le Breton was next contracted to construct the Chapel of St. Saturnin and renovate a staircase in August 1531. He was promised 18,000 livres for work on the grand staircase, per a contract in March 1540. Philibert de l'Orme, the architect of Francis I, acknowledged and verified Le Breton’s works later in 1540. Though de l'Orme became the lead architect of Fontainebleau in 1548, it is believed that Le Breton remained on the project until his death.

Surviving works of Le Breton's at Fontainebleau include the Porte Dorée and loggia,[2] the Cour Ovale, the Cour du Cheval Blanc, and the chapel of La Trinité.[3]

Le Breton died in the village of Avon, Seine-et-Marne, Fontainebleau, in 1553.

References
  1. "Architects of the Renaissance." Antiques Digest. 1899. http://www.oldandsold.com/articles27n/french-art-4.shtml Archived 2011-06-29 at the Wayback Machine
  2. A dictionary of architecture and landscape architecture, James Stevens Curl, 2006
  3. A dictionary of architecture and building, Russell Sturgis, 1966
  • Vanaise, P. (1966). "Gilles Le Breton, maître-maçon, entrepreneur ou architecte parisien du XVIe siècle", Gazette des Beaux-Arts (November 1966), pp. 241–264. OCLC 27179983
  • "Le Breton, Gilles ca. 1500-1553", WorldCat identity
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