Giffard dirigible

The Giffard dirigible or Giffard airship was an airship built in France in 1852 by Henri Giffard, the first powered and steerable (French: dirigeable – "directable") airship to fly. The craft featured an elongated hydrogen-filled envelope that tapered to a point at each end. From this was suspended a long beam with a triangular, sail-like rudder at its aft end, and beneath the beam a platform for the pilot and steam engine. Due to the highly flammable nature of the lift gas, special precautions were taken to minimise the potential for the envelope to be ignited by the engine beneath it. The engine's exhaust was diverted downwards to a long pipe projecting below the platform, and the area surrounding the boiler's stoke hole was surrounded by wire gauze. On 24 September 1852, Giffard flew the airship from the hippodrome at Place de l'Etoile to Élancourt, covering the 27 km (17 mi) in around 3 hours, demonstrating maneuvering along the way. The engine, however, was not sufficiently powerful to allow Giffard to fly against the wind to make a return journey.[1]

Giffard dirigible
A model of the Giffard airship at the London Science Museum
Role Experimental airship
National origin France
Manufacturer Henri Giffard
Designer Henri Giffard
First flight 1852
Number built 1

Specifications

General characteristics

  • Crew: One pilot
  • Length: 44.00 m (144 ft 4 in)
  • Volume: 300 m3 (10,600 cu ft)
  • Powerplant: 1 × steam engine , 2.0 kW (3.0 hp)

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 9.0 km/h (6.0 mph, 5.2 kn)
  • Range: 8.0 km (5.0 mi, 4.3 nmi)

References
  1. Science Museum - Home - The Giffard Airship, 1852., Science Museum, archived from the original on 6 April 2012, retrieved 30 August 2020
  • Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989). Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation. London: Studio Editions. p. 419.
  • Rhode, Robert T. (2003). "Ingenious Applications of Steam Power". Steam Traction. Ogden Publications. Retrieved 11 February 2014.

Bibliography
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