George Fowler Hastings

Vice-Admiral George Fowler Hastings CB (28 November 1814 – 21 March 1876) was an officer of the Royal Navy, who saw service during the First Opium War and the Crimean War. In a naval career spanning over 50 years Hastings saw service across the British Empire, and rose to the rank of vice-admiral. His service as commander in chief on the Pacific Station of the Royal Navy at Esquimalt on the British Columbia Coast of what is now Canada is today commemorated in the names of several locations and geographic features.

George Fowler Hastings
Admiral Hastings, centre, with officers of HMS Sparrowhawk, on the Pacific Station
Born28 November 1814
Enniskillen, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland
Died21 March 1876 (1876-03-22) (aged 61)
41 Stanhope Gardens, South Kensington, London, England, United Kingdom
Allegiance United Kingdom
Service/branch Royal Navy
Years of service1824 – 1876
RankVice-admiral
Commands heldPacific Station
Nore Command
Battles/warsFirst Opium War
Crimean War
AwardsCompanion of the Order of the Bath

Family and early life

Hastings was born on 28 November 1814, the second son of Hans Hastings, 12th Earl of Huntingdon, and his first wife Frances.[1] His father had a naval career, and George followed him into the navy in either August or September 1824.[a] After several years service as a midshipman Hastings was rated as mate on 5 September 1832,[2] and promoted to lieutenant on 7 January 1833, followed by an appointment to the navy's gunnery training ship at Portsmouth, HMS Excellent.[1] This was followed in May 1834 with a posting to the Mediterranean, initially aboard the 74-gun third rate HMS Revenge, followed by his transfer in September 1837 to the wooden paddle sloop HMS Rhadamanthus.[1]

Cricket

Hastings played a single first-class match for Hampshire in 1843 against Nottinghamshire.[3] In the match, Hastings scored 5 runs in Hampshire's first innings before being bowled by William Clarke. In Hampshire's second innings he was dismissed for a duck, once again by Clarke.

Command

Hastings was promoted to commander on 30 June 1838, and was appointed to the Coastguard in January 1839.[1] He was appointed to the 16-gun brig-sloop HMS Harlequin in August 1841 and sent to the China Station in time to take part in the last actions of the First Opium War then being fought.[1][4] He remained in eastern waters after the end of the war, countering pirate operations on the coast of Sumatra. He was involved in the attack by the boats from Harlequin on the pirate enclaves of Quallah Batto and 'Murdoo', and his good service in these operations led to his promotion to captain, which came when he paid off the Harlequin on 31 January 1845.[1][4]

Hastings was appointed to his next command, the steam paddle frigate HMS Cyclops, in September 1848. He commanded her on the west coast of Africa until February 1851.[1] The crew of Cyclops are recorded as receiving bounties for the capture of the vessels Bom Successo on 25 December 1848, Esperanca on 10 May 1849,[5] Sophia on 11 August 1849 and Apollo on 29 October 1949 (the last two in consort with HMS Rattler) Pilot on 10 January 1850, Ventura on 27 January 1850 (both with HMS Pluto),[6] Sociedade on 17 June 1850,[7] and an unnamed "slave brigantine" on 20 November 1850;[8] as the chief duty of the West Africa Squadron was the suppression of the slave trade,[9] presumably those ship were all slave ships. Hastings received £67 15 shillings and 11½ pence as his share from the Bom Successo, £398 18 shillings for Esperanca,[10] £91 4 shillings 5¼ pence for Sophia and £106 19 shillings 10 pence for Apollo,[11] £128 6 shillings 10 pence for Pilot, £250 11 shillings 11 pence for Ventura,[12] £85 16 shillings 10 pence for Sociedade,[13] and £333 2 shillings 10 pence for the unnamed brigantine;[14] a total of nearly £1500, worth around £160 thousand today.[15]

An appointment to the steam frigate HMS Curacoa followed, and Hastings served aboard her for operations in the Mediterranean and Black Sea during the Crimean War.^ While serving in the Crimea Hastings distinguished himself at the Battle of Eupatoria in February 1855, and was Mentioned in Despatches in the London Gazette of 8 March 1855,[2][16] and honourably mentioned by Omar Pasha.[4] He was duly appointed Companion of the Order of the Bath (CB) on 2 January 1857,[17] and was also awarded the third class of the Medjidie, an award he was authorised to accept on 3 April 1858.[1][18][19]

He remained aboard Curacoa until May 1857. He briefly commanded HMS Maeander at Weymouth (a guardship for the coast guard service) before being appointed (November 1857) commander of HMS Blenheim the Portsmouth guardship.[20] He became superintendent of Haslar Hospital and the Royal Clarence victualling yard in January 1858, holding the post until his promotion to rear-admiral on 27 April 1863.[1][21] His next assignment was in November 1866, when he became commander-in-chief in the Pacific, with the broadside ironclad HMS Zealous as his flagship.[1] He received another promotion on 10 September 1869 when he was raised to vice-admiral,[22] and returned to Britain in November that year.[1] His final position came with his appointment to be Commander-in-Chief, The Nore in February 1873.[1] He retained the post for the usual three years, stepping down on 14 February 1876. He died shortly afterwards, on 21 March 1876 at his home at 41 Stanhope Gardens, South Kensington, London.[1]

Family and legacy

Hastings married Mathilde Alice at the British consulate at Calais on 14 September 1864.[1][23] A second ceremony was held the following day at the bride's home town of Saint-Omer.[23] The marriage produced three sons and a daughter, with Mathilde outliving George and dying in 1916.[1]

Hastings's period as commander of the Pacific station during a period of extensive mapping and exploration around the region led to his name being commemorated, particularly in numerous geographic features. Hastings Street, a main east-west corridor in Vancouver is named for him, and other placenames in the city are derived from it, such as Hastings Park and the adjacent neighbourhood of Hastings-Sunrise.[24] The fjord Hastings Arm on the North Coast of British Columbia was named after him, as was the nearby Mount Fowler.[25]

Their daughter, Frances Alice Hastings (26 July 1870 – 3 February 1945), married Gordon George William Henry (1868–1947), on 4 November 1895. They were the parents of Dorothea Mabel Macnee (30 October 1896 – 1984), who was Patrick Macnee's mother.

Notes

a. ^ The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography describes him as entering the navy in September 1824, while parliamentary papers from 1863 give an entry date of 14 August 1824.[1][4] The parts of his service record preserved by The National Archives do not show a date for his entry.[2]
b. ^ The Oxford Dictionary of National Biography claims that Hastings was in command from August 1852. J. J. Colledge's Ships of the Royal Navy and Lyon and Winfield's The Sail and Steam Navy List record that Curacoa was not launched until 13 April 1854. His service record notes his appointment to the ship on 11 August 1854.[2]

Footnotes
  1. Laughton, John Knox; Roger, Morriss (2004). "Hastings, George Fowler". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/12571. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. "RN Officer's Service Records—Image details—Hastings, George F—Admiralty: Officers' Service Records (Series III), Officers Time of Service" (fee usually required to view pdf of original documents). DocumentsOnline. The National Archives. Retrieved 27 February 2009.
    "RN Officer's Service Records—Image details—Hastings, George F—Admiralty: Officers' Service Records (Series III), Commission and Warrant Branch: Executive Officers A-L" (fee usually required to view pdf of original documents). DocumentsOnline. The National Archives. Retrieved 27 February 2009.
  3. Hampshire v Nottinghamshire (1843)
  4. Parliament of the United Kingdom, House of Commons. Parliamentary Papers. p. 70.
  5. "No. 21200". The London Gazette. 15 April 1851. p. 1023.
  6. "No. 21278". The London Gazette. 2 January 1852. p. 14.
  7. "No. 21300". The London Gazette. 12 March 1852. p. 786.
  8. "No. 21386". The London Gazette. 30 November 1852. pp. 3493–3494.
  9. "Chasing Freedom Information Sheet". Royal Naval Museum. Archived from the original on 10 December 2009. Retrieved 2 April 2007.
  10. "No. 21209". The London Gazette. 13 May 1851. p. 1275.
  11. "No. 21255". The London Gazette. 21 October 1851. p. 2759.
  12. "No. 21285". The London Gazette. 27 January 1852. p. 233.
  13. "No. 21310". The London Gazette. 16 April 1852. p. 1102.
  14. "No. 21395". The London Gazette. 28 December 1852. p. 3917.
  15. UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
  16. "No. 21673". The London Gazette. 8 March 1855. pp. 993–998.
  17. "No. 21955". The London Gazette. 2 January 1857. p. 12.
  18. Bulletins and Other State Intelligence. p. 1544.
  19. "No. 22122". The London Gazette. 3 April 1858. pp. 1735–1736.
  20. "The Navy". Evening Standard. London. 30 November 1857. p. 3.
  21. "No. 22730". The London Gazette. 28 April 1863. pp. 2246–2247.
  22. "No. 23537". The London Gazette. 17 September 1869. p. 5108.
  23. The Gentleman's Magazine. p. 515.
  24. Snyders. Namely Vancouver. p. 131.
  25. "BCGNIS Query Results: Hastings Arm". Archived from the original on 15 August 2007. Retrieved 26 February 2009.

See also

References
Military offices
Preceded by
Sir Henry Denham		 Commander-in-Chief, Pacific Station
1866–1869		 Succeeded by
Sir Arthur Farquhar
Preceded by
Sir Charles Elliot		 Commander-in-Chief, The Nore
1873–1876		 Succeeded by
Sir Henry Chads
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