General Pershing WWI casualty list

The General Pershing WWI casualty list was a list of casualties released to the media by the American military during World War I. Newspapers like the Evening Public Ledger would title the list's summary, General Pershing Reports or Pershing Reports.[1] The name General Pershing refers to General John Pershing, who was in command of the American Expeditionary Forces (AEF), the expeditionary force of the United States during World War I. While fighting the Germans on the Western Front the AEF would take daily casualties in the form of those killed in action (KIA), those who died from their wounds, those who died from disease, accidental deaths, soldiers missing in action (MIA) and soldiers wounded in action (WIA). These numbers would be tabulated by the American military and then released to the American news media.[1]

Front page of the Evening Public Ledger, April 3, 1918, with General John Pershing

Rows of headstones line the grounds of Brookwood American Cemetery and Memorial, United Kingdom

District of Columbia War Memorial, West Potomac Park, Washington, DC

U.S. soldiers run past the remains of two German soldiers toward a bunker

After the war, the real numbers were mined from the military bureaucracy as opposed to the fog of war. During World War I, 4,734,991 served in the American military.[2] There were a total of 116,516 deaths, with 53,402 of those occurring in battle.[2] Another 63,114 died in accidental deaths, but around 45,000 died due to the 1918 outbreak of Spanish flu (30,000 died before they even reached France).[3][4] Of those that survived the war, 204,002 were wounded in some way.[2]

The list

One of the publications that printed this data along with the names who were reported dead and wounded was the Evening Public Ledger, a Philadelphia newspaper published from March 25, 1836 to January 1942. On November 5, 1917, the Evening Public Ledger published a story with the headline "Casualty List In First Action Thrills Nation." In the article it listed the first three American deaths in the war: McLean County, Kentucky's Corporal James Bethel Gresham, Private Merle Hay from Glidden, Iowa and Private Thomas Enright of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.[5] They had been killed in a skirmish on November 3, 1917. In addition to the three Americans KIA the casualty list printed that five were WIA and twelve soldiers were MIA.[5] Initially, the casualty lists were published with casualty's name and their address. From March 9, 1918, the list was "denatured" or stripped of home addresses.[6] On April 2, 1918, the American military prevented the publication of all casualty lists from the American War Department decreeing that the only source for casualty lists would be the American command headquarters in France.[7]

April 1919

Date	Total Dead	Total KIA	Total dead from wounds	Total dead from disease	Total dead from accidents	Total MIA	Total WIA	Total Casualties	References
Apr 30 1919	73449	32535	13467	22880	4567	4133	198790	276372	[8]
Apr 29 1919
Apr 28 1919									[9]
Apr 27 1919									Sunday
Apr 26 1919
Apr 25 1919									[10]
Apr 24 1919	73053	32442	13453	22771	4387	4433	198426	275942	[11]
Apr 23 1919
Apr 22 1919
Apr 21 1919
Apr 20 1919									Sunday
Apr 19 1919
Apr 18 1919
Apr 17 1919	72723	32384	13435	22656	4248	4248	197574	274860	[12]
Apr 16 1919
Apr 15 1919		9	5	68	41	15	497	635	[13]
Apr 14 1919
Apr 13 1919									Sunday
Apr 12 1919
Apr 11 1919	72395	32302	13430	22556	4107	4908	196280	273592	[14]
Apr 10 1919	72303	32292	13420	22505	4086	4900	195902	273105	[15]
Apr 9 1919									[16]
Apr 8 1919
Apr 7 1919
Apr 6 1919									Sunday
Apr 5 1919
Apr 4 1919									[17]
Apr 3 1919	71896	32178	13412	22326	3980	5019	194362	271277	[18]
Apr 2 1919									[19]
Apr 1 1919									[20]

March 1919

Date	Total Dead	Total KIA	Total dead from wounds	Total dead from disease	Total dead from accidents	Total MIA	Total WIA	Total Casualties	References
Mar 31 1919									[21]
Mar 30 1919									Sunday
Mar 29 1919	71145	31977	13386	22038	3744	5421	194184	270750	[22]
Mar 28 1919	71105	31968	13375	22018	3744	5417	194155	270677	[23]
Mar 27 1919	71018	31960	13368	21962	3728	5416	194052	270486	[24]
Mar 26 1919	70928	31952	13363	21920	3693	5412	193905	270245	[25]
Mar 25 1919	70865	31948	13356	21882	3679	5407	193887	270159	[26]
Mar 24 1919	70812	31945	13353	31840	3674	5407	198708	269927	[27]
Mar 23 1919									Sunday
Mar 22 1919	70422	31867	13339	21733	3483	5728	193450	269600	[28]
Mar 21 1919									[29]
Mar 20 1919	70051	31856	13332	21454	3409	5714	192640	268405	[30]
Mar 19 1919	69876	31849	13325	21350	3352	5712	192373	267961	[31]
Mar 18 1919	69705	31843	13322	21240	3300	5712	191969	267386	[32]
Mar 17 1919	69587	31837	13315	21168	3267	5708	191811	267106	[33]
Mar 16 1919									Sunday
Mar 15 1919	69543	31828	13327	21164	3224	6096	191611	267250	[34]
Mar 14 1919	69434	31821	13320	21079	3214	6094	191422	266950	[35]
Mar 13 1919	69259	31807	13299	20966	3187	6093	191411	266763	[36]
Mar 12 1919	69057	31795	13286	20822	3154	6091	191211	266359	[37]
Mar 11 1919	68953	31776	13286	20751	3140	6088	191072	266117	[38]
Mar 10 1919									[39]
Mar 9 1919									Sunday
Mar 8 1919	68608	31745	13241	20535	3087	6348	191126	266082	[40]
Mar 7 1919	68533	31733	13231	20482	3087	6348	190868	265749	[41]
Mar 6 1919	68404	31729	13222	20387	3066	6343	190756	265503	[42]
Mar 5 1919	68268	31721	13212	20275	3060	6341	190308	264917	[43]
Mar 4 1919	68209	31707	13212	20242	3048	6341	190027	264577	[44]
Mar 3 1919	68104	31707	13198	20181	3018	6937	189702	264173	[45]
Mar 2 1919									Sunday
Mar 1 1919	68049	31653	13214	20173	3009	6933	199231	274213	[46]

February 1919

Date	Total Dead	Total KIA	Total dead from wounds	Total dead from disease	Total dead from accidents	Total MIA	Total WIA	Total Casualties	References
Feb 28 1919	67918	31634	13200	20079	3005	6933	198299	273150	[47]
Feb 27 1919	67764	31605	13188	19981	2990	6933	197711	272408	[48]
Feb 26 1919	67679	31602	13180	19918	2979	6932	194788	269399	[49]
Feb 25 1919	67615	31596	13167	19887	2965	6932	192375	266922	[50]
Feb 24 1919	67576	31586	13160	19872	2958	6928	190619	265123	[51]
Feb 23 1919									Sunday
Feb 22 1919	67115	31462	13141	19625	2887	7808	186971	261894	[52]
Feb 21 1919	67061	31445	13124	19605	2887	7796	185030	259887	[53]
Feb 20 1919	66992	31432	13104	19579	2877	7789	182306	257087	[54]
Feb 19 1919	66844	31397	13081	19513	2853	7787	180196	254827	[55]
Feb 18 1919	66816	31395	13072	19502	2847	7787	177790	252393	[56]
Feb 17 1919	66753	31386	13062	19467	2838	7787	175244	249784	[57]
Feb 16 1919									Sunday
Feb 15 1919	66492	31314	13036	19353	2789	11208	166865	244570	[58]
Feb 14 1919	66357	31283	13036	19249	2789	11205	166683	244245	[59]
Feb 13 1919
Feb 12 1919	66176	31237	13013	19153	2773	11200	164077	241453	[60]
Feb 11 1919	66103	31222	12998	19114	2769	11190	162292	239585	[61]
Feb 10 1919	66082	31217	12993	19104	2768	11189	160696	238240	[62]
Feb 9 1919									Sunday
Feb 8 1919	65964	31149	13020	19040	2755	11802	159697	237463	[63]
Feb 7 1919	65842	31103	13000	18995	2744	11802	158139	235783	[64]
Feb 6 1919	65746	31078	12983	18946	2739	11787	157206	234739	[65]
Feb 5 1919	65635	31046	12956	18906	2727	11766	154880	232281	[66]
Feb 4 1919	65597	31033	12948	18892	2724	11750	152884	230231	[67]
Feb 3 1919	65548	31018	12939	18872	2719	11716	151289	228583	[68]
Feb 2 1919									Sunday
Feb 1 1919	64936	30842	12844	18636	2614	12805	143495	221236	[69]

January 1919

Date	Total Dead	Total KIA	Total dead from wounds	Total dead from disease	Total dead from accidents	Total MIA	Total WIA	Total Casualties	References
Jan 31 1919	64904	30816	12839	18636	2613	12802	143370	221076	[70]
Jan 30 1919	64796	30784	12815	18594	2603	12769	142270	219835	[71]
Jan 29 1919	64655	30751	12785	18524	2595	12727	138510	217494	[72]
Jan 28 1919	64655	30751	12785	18524	2595	137780	12727	215162	[73]
Jan 27 1919	64614	30737	12785	18497	2595	12727	137482	215338	[74]
Jan 26 1919									Sunday
Jan 25 1919	63982	30459	12637	18314	2572	13436	134362	211873	[75]
Jan 24 1919		30459			2572			211852	[76]
Jan 23 1919	63865	30426	12609	18268	2562	13387	134258	211782	[77]
Jan 22 1919	63806	30429	12609	18209	2559	13387	134153	211737	[78]
Jan 21 1919	63796	30426	12609	18202	2559	13387	134036	211282	[79]
Jan 20 1919	63723	30399	12596	18176	2552	13377	134036	211137	[80]
Jan 19 1919									Sunday
Jan 18 1919	76598	29592	12741	18627	15638	21021	131585	228104	[81]
Jan 17 1919	76335	29514	12712	18479	15630	20012	131246	227593	[82]
Jan 16 1919	76069	29462	12612	18380	15615	19999	130958	227026	[83]
Jan 15 1919	75775	29419	12534	18223	15599	19990	130518	226283	[84]
Jan 14 1919	75458	29375	12392	18102	15589	19970	130228	226156	[85]
Jan 13 1919	75320	29364	12341	18031	15584	19969	130153	225442	[86]
Jan 12 1919									Sunday
Jan 11 1919	75020	29247	12280	17932	15561	19887	129435	224342	[87]
Jan 10 1919	74746	29188	12178	17831	15549	19881	129360	223987	[88]
Jan 9 1919	74325	28971	12090	17733	15531	19828	129051	223214	[89]
Jan 8 1919	73955	28882	11987	17565	15521	19779	128723	222457	[90]
Jan 7 1919	73912	28870	11977	17549	15516	19775	128443	222120	[91]
Jan 6 1919	73748	28840	11939	17459	15510	19729	128123	221600	[92]
Jan 5 1919									Sunday
Jan 4 1919	73275	28717	11753	17311	15494	19626	126536	219437	[93]
Jan 3 1919	72875	28602	11633	17160	15480	19514	125103	217492	[94]
Jan 2 1919	72744	28577	11561	17131	15475	19469	124276	216489	[95]
Jan 1 1919	72398	28475	11455	17002	15466	19339	123896	215633	[96]

December 1918

Date	Total Dead	Total KIA	Total dead from wounds	Total dead from disease	Total dead from accidents	Total MIA	Total WIA	Total Casualties	References
Dec 31 1918	72398	28475	11455	17002	15466	19339	123677	215414	[97]
Dec 30 1918	72264	28433	11413	16955	15463	19150	123295	214709	[98]
Dec 29 1918									Sunday
Dec 28 1918	72020	28356	11352	16864	15448	19087	122298	213405	[99]
Dec 27 1918	71730	28266	11263	16785	15416	18912	121843	212485	[100]
Dec 26 1918	70927	28008	11085	16445	15389	18591	120710	210228	[101]
Dec 25 1918									Christmas
Dec 24 1918	70481	27925	10965	16219	15372	18340	113443	202264	[102]
Dec 23 1918	69448	27481	10690	15932	15345	17708	112045	199201	[103]
Dec 22 1918									Sunday
Dec 21 1918	69188	27371	10625	15860	15332	17492	106195	192875	[104]
Dec 20 1918	69014	27352	10574	15767	15321	17311	104129	190454	[105]
Dec 19 1918	68528	27238	10482	15514	15294	17022	99120	184670	[106]
Dec 18 1918	67979	27074	10396	15238	15271	16533	93980	178487	[107]
Dec 17 1918	67300	26811	10277	14962	15250	15996	88111	171467	[108]
Dec 16 1918	66927	26672	10211	14804	15240	15696	84139	166762	[109]
Dec 15 1918									Sunday
Dec 14 1918	52859	26379	10042	14424	2014	15219	79216	147294	[110]
Dec 13 1918	50825	25607	9357	13906	1955	14772	69535	125132	[111]
Dec 12 1918	50184	25199	9337	13698	1950	14360	66207	120751	[112]
Dec 11 1918	49005	24554	9149	13384	1918	13813	63046	125864	[113]
Dec 10 1918	48502	24199	9149	13236	1918	13579	60885	122966	[114]
Dec 9 1918	47841	23767	9091	13072	1911	13032	58899	119772	[115]
Dec 8 1918									Sunday
Dec 7 1918	46406	22899	8961	13039	1507	14002	53170	113586	[116]
Dec 6 1918	45454	22488	8792	12692	1482	13728	52223	111405	[117]
Dec 5 1918	44904	22283	8751	12396	1474	13611	51140	109655	[118]
Dec 4 1918	43709	21862	8441	11965	1441	13137	49779	106625	[119]
Dec 3 1918	42781	21794	8111	11448	1428	12769	49343	104893	[120]
Dec 2 1918	42202	21607	8049	11135	1411	12540	48650	103392	[121]
Dec 1 1918									Sunday

November 1918

Date	Total Dead	Total KIA	Total dead from wounds	Total dead from disease	Total dead from accidents	Total MIA	Total WIA	Total Casualties	References
Nov 30 1918	38819	19980	7510	9968	1361	11291	47068	97178	[122]
Nov 29 1918	38152	19629	7343	9828	1352	10980	46831	95963	[123]
Nov 28 1918	36973	18978	7214	9434	1347	10571	46688	94232	[124]
Nov 27 1918	35875	18442	6994	9085	1354	10009	46180	92064	[125]
Nov 26 1918	34612	17726	6818	8738	1330	9475	45552	89662	[126]
Nov 25 1918	32948	16757	6605	8265	1321	9107	44887	86936	[127]
Nov 24 1918									Sunday
Nov 23 1918	30985	15916	6356	7422	1291	8767	43282	83034	[128]
Nov 22 1918	30624	15916	6224	7193	1291	8630	43282	82536	[129]
Nov 21 1918	29955	15512	6136	7028	1279	8548	42458	80961	[130]
Nov 20 1918	29131	15152	5913	6790	1276	8207	41973	79311	[131]
Nov 19 1918	28569	14885	5768	6645	1271	8095	41245	77913	[132]
Nov 18 1918	27864	14652	5699	6244	1269	8007	40533	76404	[133]
Nov 17 1918									Sunday
Nov 16 1918	27010	14205	5464	6087	1254	7765	40207	74982	[134]
Nov 15 1918	26474	14002	5308	5914	1250	7498	39934	73907	[135]
Nov 14 1918	25939	13780	5276	5638	1245	7220	39683	72842	[136]
Nov 13 1918	25392	13452	5161	5538	1241	7054	39321	71767	[137]
Nov 12 1918	24796	13142	5061	5369	1224	6963	38967	70726	[138]
Nov 11 1918	24059	12779	4922	5141	1217	6787	38678	69528	[139]
Nov 10 1918									Sunday
Nov 9 1918	22530	11997	4661	4667	1205	6474	38073	67077	[140]
Nov 8 1918	21743	11634	4410	4497	1202	6478	37880	66096	[141]
Nov 7 1918	21270	11473	4410	4188	1199	6410	37600	65280	[142]
Nov 6 1918	20591	11223	4244	3944	1180	6284	37206	64091	[143]
Nov 5 1918	20432	11223	4185	3835	1189	6274	36391	63098	[144]
Nov 4 1918	20120	11099	4110	3727	1184	6229	35440	61779	[145]
Nov 3 1918									Sunday
Nov 2 1918	19607	10882	3993	3556	1176	6227	34534	60368	[146]
Nov 1 1918	19607	10882	3993	3556	1176	6227	34212	60046	[147]

October 1918

Date	Total Dead	Total KIA	Total dead from wounds	Total dead from disease	Total dead from accidents	Total MIA	Total WIA	Total Casualties	References
Oct 31 1918	19552	10865	3982	3530	1175	6196	33657	59405	[148]
Oct 30 1918	19457	10827	3966	3493	1171	6193	33103	58753	[149]
Oct 29 1918	19391	10820	3949	3459	1163	6176	32763	58330	[150]
Oct 28 1918	19192	10766	3906	3367	1153	6109	32479		[151]
Oct 27 1918									Sunday
Oct 26 1918						21	191		[152]
Oct 25 1918						17	453	59317	[153]
Oct 24 1918						66	457	54944	[154]
Oct 23 1918	18429	10568	3664	3075	1122	6080	29726	54244	[155]
Oct 22 1918	18038	10263	3632	3028	1115	6060	29692	53790	[156]
Oct 21 1918	17826	10159	3584	2974	1109	5996	28593	53872	[157]
Oct 20 1918									Sunday
Oct 19 1918	16378	9682	3305	1073	2609	6068	27767	52918	[158]
Oct 18 1918	16295	9415	3276	1056	2548	5925	26144		[159]
Oct 17 1918	16223	9362	3264	1054	2543	5891	25909	51759	[160]
Oct 16 1918	16325	9397	3315	1057	2556	5939	26172	51971	[161]
Oct 15 1918	16095	9287	3253	1051	2504	5870	25634	51134	[162]
Oct 14 1918	15876	8293	3204	1043	2436	5772	24956	50139	[163]
Oct 13 1918									Sunday
Oct 12 1918	15137	8806	3038	1021	2272	5630	24067	48301	[164]
Oct 11 1918	14758	8667	2922	1004	2165	5605	23800	47630	[165]
Oct 10 1918	14383	8487	2798	991	2107	5529	23428	46796	[166]
Oct 9 1918	14244	8405	2785	977	2077	5427	23086	46170	[167]
Oct 8 1918	13996	8280	2720	970	2026	5383	22756	45504	[168]
Oct 7 1918	13868	8202	2686	961	2016	5265	22407	44911	[169]
Oct 6 1918									Sunday
Oct 5 1918	13250	7819	2514	949	1968	5248	21509	43378	[170]
Oct 4 1918	13087	7706	2483	941	1957	5182	21206	42846	[171]
Oct 3 1918	12886	7603	2416	934	1933	5009	20618	41870	[172]
Oct 2 1918	12669	7416	2389	932	1932	4941	20406	41353	[173]
Oct 1 1918	12359	7229	2313	918	1899	4890	19707	40248	[174]

September 1918

Date	Total Dead	Total KIA	Total dead from wounds	Total dead from disease	Total dead from accidents	Total MIA	Total WIA	Total Casualties	References
Sep 30 1918	12150	7105	2303	915	1899	4843	19263		[175]
Sep 29 1918									Sunday
Sep 28 1918	11845	6929	2154	907	1878	5047	18306		[176]
Sep 27 1918	11678	6825	2100	898	1855	5044	18232		[177]
Sep 26 1918	11454	6654	2081	885	1834	4918	18078		[178]
Sep 25 1918	11179	6415	2045	885	1834	4891	18058		[179]
Sep 24 1918	11150	6400	2038	883	1829	4730	17873		[180]
Sep 23 1918	10999	6279	2017	879	1824	4701	17805		[181]
Sep 22 1918									Sunday
Sep 21 1918	10536	6038	1866	852	1780	4482	17453		[182]
Sep 20 1918	10480	6005	1855	844	1776	4421	17296		[183]
Sep 19 1918		59	47			68	92		[184]
Sep 18 1918		74	31			24	128		[185]
Sep 17 1918		28	16			166	129		[186]
Sep 16 1918		6				75			[187]
Sep 15 1918									Sunday
Sep 14 1918	10082	5758	1764	1734	826	3962	16575		[188]
Sep 13 1918		76	59			41	181		[189]
Sep 12 1918		56	39			202	372		[190]
Sep 11 1918		172	92			112			[191]
Sep 10 1918		156	67						[192]
Sep 9 1918		45	33			145	376		[193]
Sep 8 1918									Sunday
Sep 7 1918		27	17				234		[194]
Sep 6 1918		50	35			139	143		[195]
Sep 5 1918		93	32						[196]
Sep 4 1918	83	53	7	15	8	75	244		[197]
Sep 3 1918	86	68	11	5	2	114	306		[198]
Sep 2 1918	57	37	13	6	1	54	207		[199]
Sep 1 1918									Sunday

August 1918

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
Aug 31 1918		65					140		[200]
Aug 30 1918		110				30	88		[201]
Aug 29 1918	50	24	19	7		23	161	234	[202]
Aug 28 1918	41	27	9	5		96	160	303	[203]
Aug 27 1918	60	41	18	1		3	90	156	[204]
Aug 26 1918	76	52	20	3	1	24	109	213	[205]
Aug 25 1918									Sunday
Aug 24 1918		7	8				56		[206]
Aug 23 1918	57	27	18	11	1	35	40		[207]
Aug 22 1918		11	6			71	106	194	[208]
Aug 21 1918		24	9	2		64	62	161	[209]
Aug 20 1918		68		7		1	59	135	[210]
Aug 19 1918									[211]
Aug 18 1918									Sunday
Aug 17 1918		17	1		2	19	51		[212]
Aug 16 1918		18					25		[213]
Aug 15 1918		17					95		[214]
Aug 14 1918	101	69	21	10	1				[215]
Aug 13 1918		14	3		1	1	71		[216]
Aug 12 1918	73	57	10	2	4	7	225		[217]
Aug 11 1918									Sunday
Aug 10 1918	101	64	28	3	6	211	204		[218]
Aug 9 1918		90	9	2		303	64		[219]
Aug 8 1918		131	16	6			84		[220]
Aug 7 1918	126	114	9	1	2	105	640		[221]
Aug 6 1918		31	6	0	0	1	320		[222]
Aug 6 1918	6002	2863	993	1523	623	714	7512	14228	[222]
Aug 5 1918		203	37				148		[223]
Aug 4 1918									Sunday
Aug 3 1918	139	112	11	11	5	9	58		[224]
Aug 2 1918	104	42	48	7	7	6	128		[225]
Aug 1 1918	42	12	12	11	7	4	63		[226]

July 1918

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
Jul 31 1918
Jul 30 1918
Jul 29 1918
Jul 28 1918
Jul 27 1918	90	64	20	5	1	2	76		[227]
Jul 26 1918
Jul 25 1918	74	62	6	3	3	4	140		[228]
Jul 24 1918
Jul 23 1918	37	24	3	5	5	1	67		[229]
Jul 22 1918	33	9	14	7	3	17	12		[230]
Jul 21 1918
Jul 20 1918
Jul 19 1918
Jul 18 1918
Jul 17 1918									[231]
Jul 16 1918
Jul 15 1918	29	14	7	7	1	3	28		[232]
Jul 14 1918
Jul 13 1918
Jul 12 1918
Jul 11 1918
Jul 10 1918
Jul 9 1918	25	14	10	1		12	20		[233]
Jul 8 1918	19	6	11		2		29		[234]
Jul 7 1918
Jul 6 1918
Jul 5 1918	14	5	7	2	0	5	3		[235]
Jul 4 1918
Jul 3 1918
Jul 2 1918
Jul 1 1918

June 1918

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
Jun 30 1918
Jun 29 1918	21	5	12	2	2	7	14		[236]
Jun 28 1918
Jun 27 1918
Jun 26 1918
Jun 25 1918
Jun 24 1918	14	8	4	2	0	0	48		[237]
Jun 23 1918									Sunday
Jun 22 1918
Jun21 1918	10	6	1	3	0	0	28		[238]
Jun20 1918
Jun 19 1918	53	28	12	8	5	1	88		[239]
Jun 18 1918
Jun 17 1918	13	6	2	4	1	1	25		[240]
Jun 16 1918									Sunday
Jun 15 1918
Jun 14 1918
Jun 13 1918	36	19	9	4	4	4	148		[241]
Jun 12 1918	60	15	9	18	18	1	65		[242]
Jun 11 1918
Jun 10 1918	22	13	5	1	3	1	53		[243]
Jun 9 1918									Sunday
Jun 8 1918	56	30	10	6	10		52		[244]
Jun 7 1918	42	17	12	7	6	6	6		[245]
Jun 6 1918
Jun 5 1918
Jun 4 1918
Jun 3 1918	16	4	3	7	2	0	20		[246]
Jun 2 1918									Sunday
Jun 1 1918	20	3	6	10	1	9	28		[247]

May 1918

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
May 31, 1918
May 30, 1918	21	5	1	11	4	3	11		[248]
May 29, 1918	21	5	5	10	1	5	7		[249]
May 28, 1918
May 27, 1918
May 26, 1918									Sunday
May 25, 1918	11	4	4	3	0	0	12		[250]
May 24, 1918
May 23, 1918	37	14	12	11	0	1	48		[251]
May 22, 1918
May 21, 1918
May 20, 1918
May 19, 1918									Sunday
May 18, 1918	2288	741	188	1056	303	290	3446		[252]
May 18, 1918	10	3	3	4	0	14	15		[252]
May 17, 1918
May 16, 1918
May 15, 1918	9	3	3	5	8	9			[253]
May 14, 1918
May 13, 1918
May 12, 1918									Sunday
May 11, 1918	26	8	4	4	10		38		[254]
May 10, 1918	20	4	4	9	3		46		[255]
May 9, 1918
May 8, 1918
May 7, 1918
May 6, 1918
May 5, 1918									Sunday
May 4, 1918
May 3, 1918
May 2, 1918
May 1, 1918	1918	634	124	959	201	115	2626	4706	[256]

April 1918

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
Apr 30 1918	1910	632	125	953	200	69	2580		[257]
Apr 30 1918	10	2	0	6	2	3	47		[257]
Apr 29 1918	40	18	6	13	3	4	112		[258]
Apr 28 1918									Sunday
Apr 27 1918
Apr 26 1918		22	10		2		244		[259]
Apr 25 1918
Apr 24 1918		6	3	11			23		[260]
Apr 23 1918
Apr 22 1918	22	10	5	4	3	1	50		[261]
Apr 21 1918									Sunday
Apr 20 1918	1754	556	94	913	191	105	1943		[262]
Apr 20 1918	17	7	8	2	0	2	23		[262]
Apr 19 1918
Apr 18 1918		47	6	13	2	4	113		[263]
Apr 17 1918
Apr 16 1918
Apr 15 1918	18	10	2	2	4	3	44		[264]
Apr 14 1918									Sunday
Apr 13 1918
Apr 12 1918
Apr 11 1918	21	1	2	13	5	4	99		[265]
Apr 10 1918		18			18		300		[266]
Apr 9 1918
Apr 8 1918
Apr 7 1918									Sunday
Apr 6 1918
Apr 5 1918		2					113		[267]
Apr 4 1918
Apr 3 1918					3		4		[268]
Apr 2 1918
Apr 1 1918

March 1918

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
Mar 31 1918									Sunday
Mar 30 1918	1427	458	46	762	161		753	2236	[269]
Mar 30 1918	10	1	2	5	2		21	32	[269]
Mar 29 1918	19	1	2	5	11		21		[270]
Mar 28 1918
Mar 27 1918
Mar 26 1918		2		7	3		11		[271]
Mar 25 1918
Mar 24 1918									Sunday
Mar 23 1918
Mar 22 1918
Mar 21 1918
Mar 20 1918	15	3	2	8	2		22		[272]
Mar 19 1918
Mar 18 1918
Mar 17 1918									Sunday
Mar 16 1918
Mar 15 1918
Mar 14 1918	16	4	2	9	1		54		[273]
Mar 13 1918		6	2	7			13		[274]
Mar 12 1918		8					23		[275]
Mar 11 1918
Mar 10 1918									Sunday
Mar 9 1918		5		8	2				[276]
Mar 8 1918
Mar 7 1918		5					16		[277]
Mar 6 1918
Mar 5 1918
Mar 4 1918
Mar 3 1918									Sunday
Mar 2 1918									[278]
Mar 1 1918		1		4	3		21		[279]

February 1918

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
Feb 28 1918
Feb 27 1918		5					61		[280]
Feb 26 1918
Feb 25 1918
Feb 24 1918									Sunday
Feb 23 1918
Feb 22 1918
Feb 21 1918
Feb 20 1918
Feb 19 1918
Feb 18 1918
Feb 17 1918									Sunday
Feb 16 1918
Feb 15 1918
Feb 14 1918
Feb 13 1918
Feb 12 1918
Feb 11 1918
Feb 10 1918									Sunday
Feb 9 1918
Feb 8 1918
Feb 7 1918		1					6		[281]
Feb 6 1918		1		4			11		[282]
Feb 5 1918
Feb 4 1918
Feb 3 1918									Sunday
Feb 2 1918
Feb 1 1918

January 1918

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
Jan 31 1918
Jan 30 1918
Jan 29 1918		4							[283]
Jan 28 1918
Jan 27 1918									Sunday
Jan 26 1918
Jan 25 1918		4		7					[284]
Jan 24 1918
Jan 23 1918		3							[285]
Jan 22 1918		1							[286]
Jan 21 1918
Jan 20 1918									Sunday
Jan 19 1918
Jan 18 1918
Jan 17 1918
Jan 16 1918
Jan 15 1918
Jan 14 1918
Jan 13 1918									Sunday
Jan 12 1918
Jan 11 1918
Jan 10 1918
Jan 9 1918
Jan 8 1918
Jan 7 1918
Jan 6 1918									Sunday
Jan 5 1918
Jan 4 1918
Jan 3 1918
Jan 2 1918
Jan 1 1918

December 1917

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
Dec 31 1917
Dec 30 1917									Sunday
Dec 29 1917
Dec 28 1917
Dec 27 1917
Dec 26 1917		7							[287]
Dec 25 1917
Dec 24 1917	8		2	6					[288]
Dec 23 1917									Sunday
Dec 22 1917
Dec 21 1917
Dec 20 1917
Dec 19 1917
Dec 18 1917
Dec 17 1917					2				[289]
Dec 16 1917									Sunday
Dec 15 1917	11		1	7	2				[290]
Dec 14 1917									[291]
Dec 13 1917				1			2		[292]
Dec 12 1917
Dec 11 1917
Dec 10 1917				2					[293]
Dec 9 1917									Sunday
Dec 8 1917
Dec 7 1917
Dec 6 1917
Dec 5 1917
Dec 4 1917
Dec 3 1917
Dec 2 1917									Sunday
Dec 1 1917

November 1917

Date	Total Dead	KIA OTD	Dead from wounds OTD	Dead from disease OTD	Dead from accidents OTD	MIA OTD	WIA OTD	Casualties OTD	References
Nov 30 1917							13		[294]
Nov 29 1917
Nov 28 1917
Nov 27 1917
Nov 26 1917
Nov 25 1917									Sunday
Nov 24 1917
Nov 23 1917
Nov 22 1917
Nov 21 1917		1					1		[295]
Nov 20 1917
Nov 19 1917		2					6		[296]
Nov 18 1917									Sunday
Nov 17 1917
Nov 16 1917
Nov 15 1917		1							[297]
Nov 14 1917
Nov 13 1917
Nov 12 1917
Nov 11 1917									Sunday
Nov 10 1917
Nov 9 1917
Nov 8 1917
Nov 7 1917
Nov 6 1917
Nov 5 1917
Nov 4 1917									Sunday
Nov 3 1917		3				12	5		[298]
Nov 2 1917					2				[299]
Nov 1 1917

See also

• Deadliest single days of World War I
• List of maritime disasters in World War I
• World War I casualties
• List of battles with most United States military fatalities

Bibliography

Notes

1. Evening Public Ledger 1918, p. 6
2. DeBruyne 2017, p. 2
3. Wevera & van Bergenc 2014
4. Byerly 2010
5. Evening Public Ledger 1917, p. 1
6. Evening Public Ledger (A) 1918, p. 4
7. Evening Public Ledger (B) 1918, p. 1
8. Evening public ledger Apr 30 1919
9. Evening public ledger Apr 28 1919
10. Evening public ledger Apr 25 1919
11. Evening public ledger Apr 24 1919
12. Evening public ledger Apr 17 1919
13. Evening public ledger Apr 15 1919
14. Evening public ledger Apr 11 1919
15. Evening public ledger Apr 10 1919
16. Evening public ledger Apr 9 1919
17. Evening public ledger Apr 4 1919
18. Evening public ledger Apr 3 1919
19. Evening public ledger Apr 2 1919
20. Evening public ledger Apr 1 1919
21. Evening public ledger Mar 31 1919
22. Evening public ledger Mar 29 1919
23. Evening public ledger Mar 28 1919
24. Evening public ledger Mar 27 1919
25. Evening public ledger Mar 26 1919
26. Evening public ledger Mar 25 1919
27. Evening public ledger Mar 24 1919
28. Evening public ledger Mar 22 1919
29. Evening public ledger Mar 21 1919
30. Evening public ledger Mar 20 1919
31. Evening public ledger Mar 19 1919
32. Evening public ledger Mar 18 1919
33. Evening public ledger Mar 17 1919
34. Evening public ledger Mar 15 1919
35. Evening public ledger Mar 14 1919
36. Evening public ledger Mar 13 1919
37. Evening public ledger Mar 12 1919
38. Evening public ledger Mar 11 1919
39. Evening public ledger Mar 10 1919
40. Evening public ledger Mar 8 1919
41. Evening public ledger Mar 7 1919
42. Evening public ledger Mar 6 1919
43. Evening public ledger Mar 5 1919
44. Evening public ledger Mar 4 1919
45. Evening public ledger Mar 3 1919
46. Evening public ledger Mar 1 1919
47. Evening public ledger Feb 28 1919
48. Evening public ledger Feb 27 1919
49. Evening public ledger Feb 26 1919
50. Evening public ledger Feb 25 1919
51. Evening public ledger Feb 24 1919
52. Evening public ledger Feb 22 1919
53. Evening public ledger Feb 21 1919
54. Evening public ledger Feb 20 1919
55. Evening public ledger Feb 19 1919
56. Evening public ledger Feb 18 1919
57. Evening public ledger Feb 17 1919
58. Evening public ledger Feb 15 1919
59. Evening public ledger Feb 14 1919
60. Evening public ledger Feb 12 1919
61. Evening public ledger Feb 11 1919
62. Evening public ledger Feb 10 1919
63. Evening public ledger Feb 8 1919
64. Evening public ledger Feb 7 1919
65. Evening public ledger Feb 6 1919
66. Evening public ledger Feb 5 1919
67. Evening public ledger Feb 4 1919
68. Evening public ledger Feb 3 1919
69. Evening public ledger Feb 1 1919
70. Evening public ledger Jan 31 1919
71. Evening public ledger Jan 30 1919
72. Evening public ledger Jan 29 1919
73. Evening public ledger Jan 28 1919
74. Evening public ledger Jan 27 1919
75. Evening public ledger Jan 25 1919
76. Evening public ledger Jan 24 1919
77. Evening public ledger Jan 23 1919
78. Evening public ledger Jan 22 1919
79. Evening public ledger Jan 21 1919
80. Evening public ledger Jan 20 1919
81. Evening public ledger Jan 18 1919
82. Evening public ledger Jan 17 1919
83. Evening public ledger Jan 16 1919
84. Evening public ledger Jan 15 1919
85. Evening public ledger Jan 14 1919
86. Evening public ledger Jan 13 1919
87. Evening public ledger Jan 11 1919
88. Evening public ledger Jan 10 1919
89. Evening public ledger Jan 9 1919
90. Evening public ledger Jan 8 1919
91. Evening public ledger Jan 7 1919
92. Evening public ledger Jan 6 1919
93. Evening public ledger Jan 4 1919
94. Evening public ledger Jan 3 1919
95. Evening public ledger Jan 2 1919
96. Evening public ledger Jan 1 1919
97. Evening public ledger Dec 31 1918
98. Evening public ledger Dec 30 1918
99. Evening public ledger Dec 28 1918
100. Evening public ledger Dec 27 1918
101. Evening public ledger Dec 26 1918
102. Evening public ledger Dec 24 1918
103. Evening public ledger Dec 23 1918
104. Evening public ledger Dec 21 1918
105. Evening public ledger Dec 20 1918
106. Evening public ledger Dec 19 1918
107. Evening public ledger Dec 18 1918
108. Evening public ledger Dec 17 1918
109. Evening public ledger Dec 16 1918
110. Evening public ledger Dec 14 1918
111. Evening public ledger Dec 13 1918
112. Evening public ledger Dec 12 1918
113. Evening public ledger Dec 11 1918
114. Evening public ledger Dec 10 1918
115. Evening public ledger Dec 9 1918
116. Evening public ledger Dec 7 1918
117. Evening public ledger Dec 6 1918
118. Evening public ledger Dec 5 1918
119. Evening public ledger Dec 4 1918
120. Evening public ledger Dec 3 1918
121. Evening public ledger Dec 2 1918
122. Evening public ledger Nov 30 1918
123. Evening public ledger Nov 29 1918
124. Evening public ledger Nov 28 1918
125. Evening public ledger Nov 27 1918
126. Evening public ledger Nov 26 1918
127. Evening public ledger Nov 25 1918
128. Evening public ledger Nov 23 1918
129. Evening public ledger Nov 22 1918
130. Evening public ledger Nov 21 1918
131. Evening public ledger Nov 20 1918
132. Evening public ledger Nov 19 1918
133. Evening public ledger Nov 18 1918
134. Evening public ledger Nov 16 1918
135. Evening public ledger Nov 15 1918
136. Evening public ledger Nov 14 1918
137. Evening public ledger Nov 13 1918
138. Evening public ledger Nov 12 1918
139. Evening public ledger Nov 11 1918
140. Evening public ledger Nov 9 1918
141. Evening public ledger Nov 8 1918
142. Evening public ledger Nov 7 1918
143. Evening public ledger Nov 6 1918
144. Evening public ledger Nov 5 1918
145. Evening public ledger Nov 4 1918
146. Evening public ledger Nov 2 1918
147. Evening public ledger Nov 1 1918
148. Evening public ledger Oct 31 1918
149. Evening public ledger Oct 30 1918
150. Evening public ledger Oct 29 1918
151. Evening public ledger Oct 28 1918
152. Evening public ledger Oct 26 1918
153. Evening public ledger Oct 25 1918
154. Evening public ledger Oct 24 1918
155. Evening public ledger Oct 23 1918
156. Evening public ledger Oct 22 1918
157. Evening public ledger Oct 21 1918
158. Evening public ledger Oct 19 1918
159. Evening public ledger Oct 18 1918
160. Evening public ledger Oct 17 1918
161. Evening public ledger Oct 16 1918
162. Evening public ledger Oct 15 1918
163. Evening public ledger Oct 14 1918
164. Evening public ledger Oct 12 1918
165. Evening public ledger Oct 11 1918
166. Evening public ledger Oct 10 1918
167. Evening public ledger Oct 9 1918
168. Evening public ledger Oct 8 1918
169. Evening public ledger Oct 7 1918
170. Evening public ledger Oct 5 1918
171. Evening public ledger Oct 4 1918
172. Evening public ledger Oct 3 1918
173. Evening public ledger Oct 2 1918
174. Evening public ledger Oct 1 1918
175. Evening public ledger Sep 30 1918
176. Evening public ledger Sep 28 1918
177. Evening public ledger Sep 27 1918
178. Evening public ledger Sep 26 1918
179. Evening public ledger Sep 25 1918
180. Evening public ledger Sep 24 1918
181. Evening public ledger Sep 23 1918
182. Evening public ledger Sep 21 1918
183. Evening public ledger Sep 20 1918
184. Evening Public Ledger Sep 19 1918
185. Evening Public Ledger Sep 18 1918
186. Evening Public Ledger Sep 17 1918
187. Evening Public Ledger Sep 16 1918
188. Evening Public Ledger Sep 14 1918
189. Evening Public Ledger Sep 13 1918
190. Evening Public Ledger Sep 12 1918
191. Evening Public Ledger Sep 11 1918
192. Evening Public Ledger Sep 10 1918
193. Evening Public Ledger Sep 9 1918
194. Evening Public Ledger Sep 7 1918
195. Evening Public Ledger Sep 6 1918
196. Evening Public Ledger Sep 5 1918
197. Evening Public Ledger Sep 4 1918
198. Evening Public Ledger Sep 3 1918
199. Evening Public Ledger Sep 2 1918
200. Evening Public Ledger Aug 31 1918
201. Evening Public Ledger Aug 30 1918
202. Evening Public Ledger Aug 29 1918
203. Evening Public Ledger Aug 28 1918
204. Evening Public Ledger Aug 27 1918
205. Evening Public Ledger Aug 26 1918
206. Evening Public Ledger Aug 24 1918
207. Evening Public Ledger Aug 23 1918
208. Evening Public Ledger Aug 22 1918
209. Evening Public Ledger Aug 21 1918
210. Evening Public Ledger Aug 20 1918
211. Evening Public Ledger Aug 19 1918
212. Evening Public Ledger Aug 17 1918
213. Evening Public Ledger Aug 16 1918
214. Evening Public Ledger Aug 15 1918
215. Evening Public Ledger Aug 14 1918
216. Evening Public Ledger Aug 13 1918
217. Evening Public Ledger Aug 12 1918
218. Evening Public Ledger Aug 10 1918
219. Evening Public Ledger Aug 9 1918
220. Evening Public Ledger Aug 8 1918
221. Evening Public Ledger Aug 7 1918
222. Evening Public Ledger Aug 6 1918
223. Evening Public Ledger Aug 5 1918
224. Evening Public Ledger Aug 3 1918
225. Evening Public Ledger Aug 2 1918
226. Evening Public Ledger Aug 1 1918
227. Evening Public Ledger Jul 25 1918
228. Evening Public Ledger Jul 25 1918
229. Evening Public Ledger Jul 23 1918
230. Evening Public Ledger Jul 22 1918
231. Evening Public Ledger Jul 17 1918
232. Evening Public Ledger Jul 15 1918
233. Evening Public Ledger Jul 9 1918
234. Evening Public Ledger Jul 8 1918
235. Evening Public Ledger Jul 5 1918
236. Evening Public Ledger Jun 29 1918
237. Evening Public Ledger Jun 24 1918
238. Evening Public Ledger Jun 21 1918
239. Evening Public Ledger Jun 19 1918
240. Evening Public Ledger Jun 17 1918
241. Evening Public Ledger Jun 13 1918
242. Evening Public Ledger Jun 12 1918
243. Evening Public Ledger Jun 10 1918
244. Evening Public Ledger Jun 8 1918
245. Evening Public Ledger Jun 7 1918
246. Evening Public Ledger Jun 3 1918
247. Evening Public Ledger Jun 1 1918
248. Evening Public Ledger May 30 1918
249. Evening Public Ledger May 29 1918
250. Evening Public Ledger May 25 1918
251. Evening Public Ledger May 23 1918
252. Evening Public Ledger May 18 1918
253. Evening Public Ledger May 15 1918
254. Evening Public Ledger May 11 1918
255. Evening Public Ledger May 10 1918
256. Evening Public Ledger May 1 1918
257. Evening Public Ledger Apr 30 1918
258. Evening Public Ledger Apr 29 1918
259. Evening Public Ledger Apr 26 1918
260. Evening Public Ledger Apr 24 1918
261. Evening Public Ledger Apr 22 1918
262. Evening Public Ledger Apr 20 1918
263. Evening Public Ledger Apr 18 1918
264. Evening Public Ledger Apr 15 1918
265. Evening Public Ledger Apr 11 1918
266. Evening Public Ledger Apr 10 1918
267. Evening Public Ledger Apr 5 1918
268. Evening Public Ledger Apr 3 1918
269. Evening Public Ledger Mar 30 1918
270. Evening Public Ledger Mar 29 1918
271. Evening Public Ledger Mar 26 1918
272. Evening Public Ledger Mar 20 1918
273. Evening Public Ledger Mar 14 1918
274. Evening Public Ledger Mar 13 1918
275. Evening Public Ledger Mar 12 1918
276. Evening Public Ledger Mar 9 1918
277. Evening Public Ledger Mar 7 1918
278. Evening Public Ledger Mar 2 1918
279. Evening Public Ledger Mar 1 1918
280. Evening Public Ledger Feb 27 1918
281. Evening Public Ledger Feb 7 1918
282. New York Times 1918
283. Evening Public Ledger Jan 29 1918
284. Evening Public Ledger Jan 25 1918
285. Evening Public Ledger Jan 23 1918
286. Evening Public Ledger Jan 22 1918
287. Evening Public Ledger Dec 26 1917
288. Evening Public Ledger Dec 24 1917
289. Evening Public Ledger Dec 17 1917
290. Evening Public Ledger Dec 15 1917
291. Evening Public Ledger Dec 14 1917
292. Evening Public Ledger Dec 13 1917
293. Evening Public Ledger Dec 10 1917
294. Evening Public Ledger Nov 30 1917
295. Evening Public Ledger Nov 21 1917
296. Evening Public Ledger Nov 19 1917
297. Evening Public Ledger Nov 15 1917
298. Evening Public Ledger Nov 3 1917
299. Evening Public Ledger Nov 2 1917

References

• Byerly, Carol R. (2010). "The U.S. Military and the Influenza Pandemic of 1918–1919". Public Health Reports. United States National Library of Medicine. 125 (Suppl 3): 82–91. ISSN 1468-2877. PMC 2862337. PMID 20568570.
• DeBruyne, Nese F. (2017). American War and Military Operations Casualties: Lists and Statistics (PDF). Congressional Research Service. - Total pages: 38
• Hepp, John Henry (2003). The Middle-Class City: Transforming Space and Time in Philadelphia, 1876-1926. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 9780812204056. - Total pages: 288
• Evening Public Ledger (November 5, 1917). "Casualty List In First Action Thrills Nation". Evening Public Ledger. Philadelphia: Cyrus H. K. Curtis. pp. 1–22. ISSN 2151-3945. LCCN 83045211. OCLC 9355469. Retrieved January 12, 2018.
• Evening Public Ledger (September 28, 1918). "Pershing Reports 387 U.S. Casualties". Evening Public Ledger. Philadelphia: Cyrus H. K. Curtis. pp. 1–20. ISSN 2151-3945. LCCN 83045211. OCLC 9355469. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
• Evening Public Ledger (A) (March 9, 1918). "Addressless list of casualties given - War Office issues names after information committee refuses". Evening Public Ledger. Philadelphia: Cyrus H. K. Curtis. pp. 1–20. ISSN 2151-3945. LCCN 83045211. OCLC 9355469. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
• Evening Public Ledger (B) (April 2, 1918). "Prevent publication of all casualty lists". Evening Public Ledger. Philadelphia: Cyrus H. K. Curtis. pp. 1–18. ISSN 2151-3945. LCCN 83045211. OCLC 9355469. Retrieved November 20, 2017.
• Evening Public Ledger. Martin, John Charles (ed.). "Public Ledger". Vol. 1, no. 1 (Sept. 14, 1914)-v. 212, no. 87 (Jan. 5, 1942). Philadelphia: Cyrus H. K. Curtis. ISSN 2151-3945. LCCN 83045211. OCLC 9355469.
• New York Times (1918). "Gen. Pershing Reports One Killed In Action". The New York Times. New York City. ISSN 0362-4331. OCLC 1645522.
• TIME (March 17, 1930). "The Press: Again, Curtis-Martin". ISSN 0040-781X. OCLC 1311479. Retrieved November 18, 2017.
• Wevera, Peter C Wevera; van Bergenc, Leo (June 27, 2014). "Death from 1918 pandemic influenza during the First World War: a perspective from personal and anecdotal evidence". Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses. United States National Library of Medicine. 8 (5): 538–546. doi:10.1111/irv.12267. PMC 4181817. PMID 24975798.