GZMM

Granzyme M is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GZMM gene.[5][6]

GZMM
Available structures PDB Human UniProt search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2ZGC, 2ZGH, 2ZGJ, 2ZKS
Identifiers
Aliases	GZMM, LMET1, MET1, granzyme M
External IDs	OMIM: 600311 MGI: 99549 HomoloGene: 21099 GeneCards: GZMM
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 19 (human)[1] Band 19p13.3 Start 544,034 bp[1] End 549,924 bp[1]
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 10 (mouse)[2] Band 10 C1|10 39.72 cM Start 79,689,020 bp[2] End 79,695,261 bp[2]
RNA expression pattern More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function • peptidase activity • serine-type peptidase activity • endopeptidase activity • serine-type endopeptidase activity • hydrolase activity • GO:0001948 protein binding Cellular component • extracellular region • membrane Biological process • innate immune system • cell death • cytolysis • proteolysis • immune system process • apoptotic process • T cell mediated cytotoxicity Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
Species	Human	Mouse
Entrez	3004	16904
Ensembl	ENSG00000197540	ENSMUSG00000054206
UniProt	P51124	n/a
RefSeq (mRNA)	NM_005317 NM_001258351	NM_008504 NM_001302485 NM_001302499
RefSeq (protein)	NP_001245280 NP_005308	n/a
Location (UCSC)	Chr 19: 0.54 – 0.55 Mb	Chr 10: 79.69 – 79.7 Mb
PubMed search	[3]	[4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Human natural killer (NK) cells and activated lymphocytes express and store a distinct subset of neutral serine proteases together with proteoglycans and other immune effector molecules in large cytoplasmic granules. These serine proteases are collectively termed granzymes and include 4 distinct gene products: granzyme A, granzyme B, granzyme H, and Met-ase, also known as granzyme M.[6]

References

1. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000197540 - Ensembl, May 2017
2. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000054206 - Ensembl, May 2017
3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
5. Baker E, Sutherland GR, Smyth MJ (Apr 1994). "The gene encoding a human natural killer cell granule serine protease, Met-ase 1, maps to chromosome 19p13.3". Immunogenetics. 39 (4): 294–5. doi:10.1007/bf00188796. PMID 8119738. S2CID 33990020.
6. "Entrez Gene: GZMM granzyme M (lymphocyte met-ase 1)".

Further reading

• Smyth MJ, O'Connor MD, Trapani JA (1996). "Granzymes: a variety of serine protease specificities encoded by genetically distinct subfamilies". J. Leukoc. Biol. 60 (5): 555–62. doi:10.1002/jlb.60.5.555. PMID 8929545. S2CID 19732623.
• Pilat D, Fink T, Obermaier-Skrobanek B, et al. (1995). "The human Met-ase gene (GZMM): structure, sequence, and close physical linkage to the serine protease gene cluster on 19p13.3". Genomics. 24 (3): 445–50. doi:10.1006/geno.1994.1651. PMID 7713495.
• Smyth MJ, Sayers TJ, Wiltrout T, et al. (1994). "Met-ase: cloning and distinct chromosomal location of a serine protease preferentially expressed in human natural killer cells". J. Immunol. 151 (11): 6195–205. PMID 8245461.
• Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. doi:10.1073/pnas.242603899. PMC 139241. PMID 12477932.
• Krenacs L, Smyth MJ, Bagdi E, et al. (2003). "The serine protease granzyme M is preferentially expressed in NK-cell, gamma delta T-cell, and intestinal T-cell lymphomas: evidence of origin from lymphocytes involved in innate immunity". Blood. 101 (9): 3590–3. doi:10.1182/blood-2002-09-2908. PMID 12506019.
• Kelly JM, Waterhouse NJ, Cretney E, et al. (2004). "Granzyme M mediates a novel form of perforin-dependent cell death". J. Biol. Chem. 279 (21): 22236–42. doi:10.1074/jbc.M401670200. PMID 15028722.
• Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928. PMID 15489334.
• Mahrus S, Kisiel W, Craik CS (2005). "Granzyme M is a regulatory protease that inactivates proteinase inhibitor 9, an endogenous inhibitor of granzyme B." J. Biol. Chem. 279 (52): 54275–82. doi:10.1074/jbc.M411482200. PMID 15494398.
• Lu H, Hou Q, Zhao T, et al. (2006). "Granzyme M directly cleaves inhibitor of caspase-activated DNase (CAD) to unleash CAD leading to DNA fragmentation". J. Immunol. 177 (2): 1171–8. doi:10.4049/jimmunol.177.2.1171. PMID 16818775.