GM small gasoline engine

The GM Small Gasoline Engine (SGE) is a family of small-displacement three- and four-cylinder gasoline engines ranging from 1.0 L to 1.5 L, developed by Adam Opel AG, Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation (SAIC), MG Motor (MG), Shanghai GM (SGM) and the Pan-Asia Technical Automotive Center (PATAC).[1]

Small Gasoline Engine
Overview
Manufacturer
Also calledMicrotec
Production2013 (2013)–present
Layout
Configuration
Displacement
  • 999 cc (1.0 L; 61.0 cu in)
  • 1,117 cc (1.1 L; 68.2 cu in)
  • 1,399 cc (1.4 L; 85.4 cu in)
  • 1,490 cc (1.5 L; 90.9 cu in)
Cylinder bore74 mm (2.91 in)
Piston stroke
  • 77.4 mm (3.05 in)
  • 77.7 mm (3.06 in)
  • 81.3 mm (3.20 in)
  • 86.6 mm (3.41 in)
Block materialAluminium
Head materialAluminium
ValvetrainDOHC 4 valves x cyl.
Compression ratio10.0:1 - 12.5:1
RPM range
Redline6500
Combustion
TurbochargerMitsubishi Heavy Industries one-stage single-scroll (some versions)
Fuel system
Fuel type
Oil systemWet sump
Cooling systemWater cooled
Output
Power output55–121 kW (74–163 hp; 75–165 PS)
Torque output95–249 N⋅m (70–184 lb⋅ft)
Dimensions
Dry weight98 kg (216 lb)
Chronology
Predecessor
SuccessorGM E-Turbo engine (1.4 Version)

The new global family is designed to improve fuel economy, performance, and emissions, reduce noise and vibrations. To achieve this, it features lightweight design and advanced technologies like gasoline direct injection, turbocharging, variable length intake manifold and alternative fuel compatibility. It utilizes modular approach with interchangeable components that can be suited to specific application.

The initial engine variants include

  • 999 cc (1.0 L; 61.0 cu in) I3 DI DCVCP turbo 77.4 mm (3.05 in) stroke,
  • 1,118 cc (1.1 L; 68.2 cu in) I3 PFI 86.6 mm (3.41 in) stroke,
  • 1,399 cc (1.4 L; 85.4 cu in) I4 DI DCVCP turbo 81.3 mm (3.20 in) stroke and
  • 1,490 cc (1.5 L; 90.9 cu in) I4 PFI 86.6 mm (3.41 in) stroke. All are derived from just two blocks (three and four cylinder) sharing a common 74 mm (2.91 in) bore with 81 mm (3.19 in) bore spacing. Mitsubishi Heavy Industries provides one-stage single-scroll turbocharger.[2]

To aid with NVH (Noise, vibration, and harshness) levels the direct injection fuel rail mounts to the cylinder head and valve cover via bushings that isolate that loud ticking noise the injector pintles make. GM claims that the 1.0-liter turbo is 25 percent (3 dBA) quieter than the Ford Fiesta's 1.0-liter turbo, and the 1.4-liter is up to 50 percent (6 dBA) quieter than the VW/Audi 1.4-liter turbo. Other silencing measures include a bed-plate cylinder block that increases stiffness, a stiffened aluminum front cam cover. Three-cylinder variants get a counter-rotating (engine-speed) balance shaft that is integrated with the oil pump and located inside the two-piece aluminum oil pan to prevent radiated noise. GM assure the EcoTec triple will idle more smoothly than Ford's three-cylinder, which does not use a shaft.[2]

All turbocharged variants will provide 90 percent of their max torque between 1500 and 5000 rpm, with peak power arriving between 5600 and 6000 rpm. The MHI turbos are sized to provide quick torque response, and are mounted very close to the cylinders, thanks to cylinder heads that incorporate the exhaust manifolds in the head.[2]

To reduce mass, the engines are compact in all directions, made almost entirely of aluminum, and feature composite intake manifolds. This removes 44 pounds (20 kg) from the existing 1.4-liter turbo in the Cruze and makes it 8 pounds (4 kg) lighter than the 1.4-liter VW turbo. GM say this engine weighs 216 pounds (98 kg), ready for installation.[2]

The engines will debut in the 2014 Opel Adam [3] and will be produced in Szentgotthárd, Hungary[4][5] and GM's Flint Engine plant.[6] The new engine family will spread to other brands and markets by the end of the decade and will replace three separate engine families (S-TEC, Family 0, and Family 1).

The engine is used in:

The assembly lines for North American facilities were manufactured by Hirata Corporation at their powertrain facility in Kumamoto, Japan.

Non-Opel Variants

LV7

The LV7 is the multi-point fuel injection 1.4L naturally aspirated variant of the SGE engine, with a 74 mm × 81.3 mm (2.91 in × 3.20 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,399 cc (1.4 L). Compression ratio is 10.6:1 and the engine can run on regular unleaded grade gasoline. Assembly is in Changwon, South Korea.

Year(s) Model Power Torque Dyno Chart
2016- Chevrolet Spark73 kW (98 hp) @ 6200 rpm128 N⋅m (94 lb⋅ft) @ 4400 rpmdyno chart

LE2

The LE2 is the direct-injection 1.4L turbocharged variant of the SGE engine, with a 74 mm × 81.3 mm (2.91 in × 3.20 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,399 cc (1.4 L). Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and the engine can run on regular grade gasoline. The LE2 is also paired with Start-Stop technology in some vehicles.

Year(s) Model Power Torque Dyno Chart
2016-2019 Buick Encore Sport Touring114 kW (153 hp) @ 5600 rpm240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) @ 2000-4000 rpm
2016- Chevrolet Cruze114 kW (153 hp) @ 5600 rpm240 N⋅m (177 lb⋅ft) @ 2000-4000 rpmdyno chart

L3A

The L3A is the direct injection 1.5L naturally aspirated variant of the SGE engine used in the second generation Chevrolet Volt, with a 74 mm × 86.6 mm (2.91 in × 3.41 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,490 cc (1.5 L). Compression ratio is 12.5:1 and the engine can run on regular unleaded grade gasoline. Maximum engine speed is 6000 rpm.

Year(s) Model Power Torque Dyno Chart
2016- Chevrolet Volt75 kW (100 hp) @ 5600 rpm140 N⋅m (103 lb⋅ft) @ 4300 rpm

LFV

The LFV is a direct-injection cast aluminum DOHC 1.5 L turbocharged SGE variant, with a 74 mm × 86.6 mm (2.91 in × 3.41 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,490 cc (1.5 L). Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and the engine can run on regular unleaded grade gasoline. Maximum engine speed is 6500 rpm. Automatic Start-Stop is available with this engine. Assembly is in Shanghai (China), Changwon (South Korea), Toluca (Mexico), Spring Hill (Tennessee) and Flint (Michigan).

Year(s) Model Power Torque Dyno Chart
2016- Chevrolet Malibu122 kW (163 hp) @ 5700 rpm250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) @ 2000-4000 rpmdyno chart
2016- Buick LaCrosse126 kW (169 hp) @ 5600 rpm250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) @ 1700–4000 rpm
2016- Buick Envision126 kW (169 hp) @ 5600 rpm250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) @ 1700-4000 rpmdyno chart
2018- MG HS121 kW (162 hp) @ 5600 rpm250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) @ 1700–4400 rpm

LYX

The LYX is a direct-injection cast aluminum DOHC 1.5 L turbocharged SGE variant, with a 74 mm × 86.6 mm (2.91 in × 3.41 in) bore and stroke for a total capacity of 1,490 cc (1.5 L). Compression ratio is 10.0:1 and uses regular unleaded gasoline.

Year(s) Model Power Torque Dyno Chart
2018- MG HS FFV121 kW (162 hp) @ 5600 rpm250 N⋅m (184 lb⋅ft) @ 1700–4400 rpm
2020- MG HS PHEV212 kW (284 hp) @ 5500 rpm480 N⋅m (354 lb⋅ft) @ 1700–4300 rpm
2018- Chevrolet Equinox127 kW (170 hp) @ 5600 rpm275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) @ 2000–4000 rpm
2018- GMC Terrain127 kW (170 hp) @ 5600 rpm275 N⋅m (203 lb⋅ft) @ 2000–4000 rpm

Opel Variants
Variant # cylinder Bore x stroke Displacement Aspiration Compression Ratio Power output Torque Applications Years of
production
B10XEInline-374 mm × 77.7 mm (2.91 in × 3.06 in)999 cc (1.0 L)Naturally aspirated
Indirect injection		10.5:156 kW (75 hp)
@ 6500 rpm		96 N⋅m (71 lb⋅ft)
@ 4500 rpm		Opel Karlfrom 03/2015
B10XFL74 mm × 77.4 mm (2.91 in × 3.05 in)Direct Injection
turbo		67 kW (90 hp)
@ 3700-6000 rpm		170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft)
@ 1800-3700 rpm		Opel Adam 1.0 SGEfrom 11/2014
Opel Corsa E 1.0 SGE Turbofrom 11/2014
78 kW (105 hp)
@ 5000 rpm		170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft)
@ 1800-4250 rpm		Opel Astra K 1.0 Turbofrom 07/2015
B10XFT86 kW (115 hp)
@ 5000-6000 rpm		170 N⋅m (125 lb⋅ft)
@ 1800-4500 rpm		Opel Adam 1.0 SGEfrom 11/2014
Opel Corsa E 1.0 SGE Turbo (115 CV)from 11/2014
B14XEInline-474 mm × 81.3 mm (2.91 in × 3.20 in)1,399 cc (1.4 L)Naturally aspirated
Indirect Injection		10.6:175 kW (101 hp)
@ 6000 rpm		130 N⋅m (96 lb⋅ft)
@ 4000 rpm		Opel Astra K 1.4 16vfrom 07/2015
B14XFLDirect Injection
turbo		10.0:193 kW (125 hp)
@ 4000-5600 rpm		245 N⋅m (181 lb⋅ft)
@ 2000-3500 rpm		Opel Astra K 1.4 Turbo from 07/2015
B14XFT112 kW (150 hp)
@ 5000-5600 rpm		Opel Astra K 1.4 Turbo from 07/2015

See also

References
  1. "Future Chevrolets to Benefit from Small Gas Engine Family". Media.gm.com. 2011-10-12. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
  2. "General Motors Details New Modular I-3, I-4 Engines"
  3. "Home | Media OPEL International". Media.opel.com. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  4. "Opel Expands Engine Production in Szentgotthárd, Hungary". Media.gm.com. 2010-09-21. Retrieved 2012-05-29.
  5. Autonews: New Opel minicar set to debut small engine co-developed with China's SAIC
  6. Loveday, Eric. "Official: 2016 Chevy Volt To Get 1.5-Liter, 4-Cylinder Range Extender". Inside EVs. Retrieved 28 October 2014.
  7. "This is the MG GT for the Chinese car market". CarNewsChina.com. 2014-10-06. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  8. "Buick Introduces 2016 Encore Sport Touring". Media.gm.com. 2015-07-20. Retrieved 2019-09-13.
  9. (PDF). GM Powertrain https://www.gmpowertrain.com/assets/images/products/pdf/gm-powertrain-1.0-l-l5q-engine-features-specifications.pdf. Retrieved 27 January 2020. Missing or empty |title= (help)
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