Franziska Schlopsnies

Franziska Schlopsnies, born Spangenthal (born on December 1, 1884 in Frankfurt am Main; deceased on December 30, 1944 in Auschwitz concentration camp) was a German fashion, poster and graphic designer. In the 1920s, her Art Deco illustrations and covers appeared in, among others, the weeklies Jugend, Simplicissimus, Meggendorfer-Blätter, and Berliner Illustrirte Zeitung.

Franziska Schlopsnies (1910)

Biography

Franziska Spangenthal was born in Frankfurt am Main as the eldest of three daughters of the Jewish merchant Robert Spangenthal and his wife Henriette Klein.[1] Her father was a wholesaler of chemical products and machine oils.[2] Shortly after the death of her father in 1905, she met painter, puppet-maker and caricaturist Albert Schlopsnies. The son of a Protestant landowner from East Prussia, he studied at the Munich Art Academy with Gabriel von Hackl from 1903.[3] On 15 September 1910 in Frankfurt Franziska married Albert, who was by then employed as a freelancer at Margarete Steiff GmbH,[4] for which he designed catalogs and numerous dolls and stuffed animals. In 1913, Franziska and Albert moved to Munich and settled in the Schwabing district. In May 1915 their daughter Irmgard Erika was born.[1]

Piety : Cover of Fliegende Blätter of 18 May 1928

After World War I, Franziska Schlopsnies began designing posters for fashion shows, department stores and exhibitions. One of her earliest surviving designs was made in 1920 for the Tietz department store. After the couple's divorce in December 18, 1922 she often signed her designs with the name "Slopsnies". From the mid-1920s, she preferred to draw figurines and costumes. Along with Doris Buscher, Liliane and Margaret von Suttner she was considered among the most important fashion illustrators.[5] Her Art Deco-inspired fashion drawings and caricatures were regularly published in magazines, such as Jugend, Simplicissimus,[6] Eleganten Welt,[7] Berliner Illustrirten Zeitung, Sport im Bild[8] and the monthly Velhagen & Klasings Monatshefte.[9] For the satirical periodicals Fliegende Blätter and Meggendorfer-Blätter, she designed numerous covers in the second half of the 1920s.[1]

After Adolf Hitler's rise to power, she produced no known published drawings. To secure her livelihood and that of her daughter, she rented some rooms in her apartment to students. Both her sisters and her mother succeeded in emigrating, while Franziska could have been at first spared deportation because she was the mother of a daughter who, by the definition of the National Socialists, was a "Mischling [person of Jewish mixed race] of the first degree". Regarding the date of her deportation, the record is contradictory. She was deported in 1943 or January 1944 with an unknown destination.[10] On December 30, 1944, Franziska Schlopsnies died in the concentration camp Auschwitz.[1][11] Her daughter Erika survived World War II and emigrated to the United States in 1946.

Today at international auctions Franziska Schlopsnies' graphics and prints reach prices of up to several thousand Euros.[12]

Selection of works
Geeignet – Cover of Meggendorfer-Blätter of Dezember 2, 1926
  • Advertisement for a fashion show in Hause Tietz, 1920
  • Advertisement for Schirm Schönherr, Theatinerstraße; München 1923
  • Advertisement for the exhibition Der gedeckte Tisch, München 1926
  • Advertisement for the company Andreas Kaut
  • Advertisement for the company Gebr. E & J Marx, München
  • Die modische Linie, 1923 (Jugend Heft 22)
  • An der Riviera, 1926, (Jugend Heft 36)
  • Geeignet, 1926 (Meggendorfer-Blätter Nr. 1875)
  • Offenherzig – Elegantes Paar im Gespräch über den Wert der Zeit des Mannes, 1927 (Meggendorfer-Blätter Nr. 1895)
  • Die Spanierin, 1926 (Velhagen & Klasings Monatshefte Nr. 41 6), 1928 (Illustrirte Zeitung Nr. 4347-4359)
  • Der Geschiedene, 1927 (Meggendorfer-Blätter Nr. 1890)
  • Vor dem Spiegel, 1927 (Sport im Bild 1927 Nr. 2)
  • Kühl, 1927, (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4278)
  • Pietät, 1928 (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4320)
  • Die prüde Gattin, 1928 (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4328)
  • Paradox, 1928 (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4335)
  • Paar beim Spaziergang mit Hund, 1928 (Fliegende Blätter. Nr. 4368)
  • Fasching der eleganten Welt: auf dem Ball Pare im Deutschen Theater zu München, 1928, (Illustrirte Zeitung Nr. 4323)
  • Argument, 1929 (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4367)
  • Der Tag fängt an, 1929, (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4375)
  • Eben wollt ich 'nen Kuss, Thea, 1929, (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4379)
  • Aber Meta..- mit diesen Launen quälst du dich und mich, 1931, (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4493)
  • Diese Segler sind mir zu dreist, 1932, (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4528)
  • Große Wirkungen, 1932, (Fliegende Blätter Nr. 4551)
  • Offenherzig, 1927
  • Auf der Terrasse von San Sebastian. 1927
  • Die prüde Gattin, 1928
  • Mit Dir kann man nie gehen, Vetter.., 1929
  • Aber Meta.., 1931
  • Diese Segler sind mir zu dreist, 1932

Notes
  1. Biographisches Gedenkbuch der Münchner Juden, 1933-1945: M-Z, 2, Munich: Stadtarchiv München Biographical Memorial Book of the Munich Jews, 1933-1945, 2003, p. 433, ISBN 9783830672807
  2. Georg Friedrich Krug (1890), Address Book for Frankfurt am Main 1890, Frankfurt am Main: Waldschmidt and Mahlau, p. 601
  3. "Matrikeldatenbank - Academy of Fine Arts Munich". Retrieved 2018-06-06.
  4. "Biographical Memorial Book of the Munich Jews". Retrieved 2018-06-09.
  5. Christoph Stölzl (1979), The twenties in Munich, 8, Munich: Munich City Museum, p. 217
  6. "Simplicissimus · historical satirical magazine · individuals". Retrieved 2018-06-09.
  7. Isabella Belting (2005), The 1920s: Fashion, graphics, arts and crafts from the collections of the Munich City Museum, Munich: Munich City Museum, p. 137
  8. Isabella Belting (2005), The 1920s: fashion, graphics, arts and crafts from the collections of the Munich City Museum, Munich: Munich City Museum, p. 128
  9. Franziska Slopsnies (February 1927), "8 watercolors to the essay "The Spaniard"", Velhagen & Klasings Monatshefte, Bielefeld & Leipzig, 41 (6): 673 (page 93 of the February number)
  10. "Yad Vashem: Memorial for Franziska Schlopsnies". Retrieved 2018-06-10.
  11. Federal Archives. "Memorial Book - Victims of the persecution of Jews under Nazi tyranny in Germany 1933-1945" (in German). Retrieved 2018-06-06.
  12. "Schlopsnies F. Aquarellen en ander werk op papier te koop aangeboden Elegant paar, aquarel en gouache op papier 27.5 x 21.9 cm, gesigneerd ro en gedateerd '26 7166197 Coll.I cv" (in Dutch). Retrieved 2018-06-09.
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