Francesco Albizzi

Francesco Albizzi (24 October 1593 in Cesena – 5 October 1684, Rome) was an Italian cardinal.[1] As a member of the Roman Inquisition, he worked to increase the standards of jurisprudence in Rome, and establish "rigorous standards of evidence and proof", particularly in regards to alleged cases of witchcraft.[2]

His Eminence Francesco Albizzi
Cardinal-Priest of Santa Prassede
Church	Roman Catholic
Installed	1 December 1681
Term ended	5 October 1684
Predecessor	Pietro Vito Ottoboni
Successor	Decio Azzolini
Other posts	Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Via (2 March 1654-24 January 1671) Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals (January 1667 - January 1669) Cardinal-Priest of Santi Quattro Coronati (24 January 1871-8 December 1680) Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Trastevere (8 January 1680-1 December 1681)
Orders
Ordination	1624
Created cardinal	2 March 1654 by Pope Innocent X
Rank	Cardinal-Priest
Personal details
Born	24 October 1593 Cesena
Died	5 October 1684 (aged 90) Rome
Buried	Santa Maria in Traspontina
Nationality	Italian
Denomination	Roman Catholic
Parents	Tommaso and Francesca Funetti Albizzi

Biography

Cardinal Albizzi was born in Cesena on 24 October 1593 to Tommaso Albizzi and Francesca Funetti. He obtained the degree of doctor in utroque iure at the University of Bologna, and began to teach civil and canon law there in 1611. Three years later, he married Violante Martinelli, by whom he had five children. After her death, he moved to Rome,[3] where became closely connected with the Jesuits; and, through their influence, became secretary to certain prelates, and afterwards to the pope himself.

Around 1627, he became general auditor to Cesare Monti, Apostolic Nuncio to the Kingdom of Naples. The following year, when Monti was appointed to Spain, Albizzi accompanied him in the same capacity. Returning to Rome in 1635, he was named councilor of the Roman Inquisition, the final court of appeal in trials of heresy; and in 1636 referendary of the Apostolic Signatura. In 1636-37 he accompanied Cardinal Marzio Ginetti, Papal Legate to Austria. In 1653, he composed for Pope Innocent X the Cum occasione, a papal bull, condemning five propositions of Cornelius Jansen's Augustinus.[4]

Cardinal

Pope Innocent X made him Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria in Via on 2 March 1654; he was made a cardinal-inquisitor on 30 March. He wrote De inconstantia in jure admittenda vel non which described the increased standards of evidence and proof required by the Roman Inquisition in cases of alleged witchcraft. Printed in 1683, it was circulated widely in areas subject to its jurisdiction.[2]

During his Cardinalate he attended the Conclaves of conclave of 1655, 1667, 1669-70, and 1676 which elected Popes Alexander VII, Clement IX, Clement X and Innocent XI respectively. He was a member of the Squadrone Volante, a group of independent cardinals without allegiance to any particular national interest be it France or Spain. As such, they were able to exercise a good deal of influence in the election of a successor pope. They were therefore courted by both sides.[5]

On 24 August 1671, he was made Cardinal-priest of Santi Quattro Coronati; on 8 January 1680, his title was changed to Cardinal-priest of Santa Maria in Trastevere. On 1 December 1861 he became Cardinal-priest Santa Prassede, which title he held until his death. He also became the Camerlengo of the Sacred College of Cardinals on January 1667.

Albizzi did not approve of the theories of Miguel de Molinos because, among other objections, it appeared to encourage the rejection of vocal prayer and the sacrament of confession, as had been seen in some convents of religious women.[6] In 1682 he composed the Scripture on the prayer of quiet, in which he took a stand against quietism.

Cardinal Albizzi died in Rome on 5 October 1683, at the age of 90. At the time of his death he was the Oldest living Member of the Sacred College.

References

Notes

1. Miranda, Salvador. "The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church".
2. Peters, Edward. Review: "Witchcraft and the Papacy", The Catholic Historical Review 96(3):504-505, January 2010
3. Adams, John Paul. "Sede Vacante January 7, 1655—April 7, 1655", California State University Northridge, March 14, 2016
4. Bellesheim, Alphons. "Notices of Catholic Continental Periodicals", The Dublin Review, vol.XI, January 1886, p.207
5. Collins, Roger. "The Flying Squadron", Keepers of the Keys of Heaven: A History of the Papacy, Basic Books, 2009ISBN 9780786744183
6. Daniel-Rops. "Quietism, A Heresy of Divine Love", Thought, Fordham University Press, Winter 1957-58

Sources

• Lucien Ceyssens O.F.M., Le cardinal François Albizzi (1593–1684). Un cas important dans l'histoire du jansénisme (Rome: Pontificium Athenaeum Antonianum, 1977).

External links

• The Cardinals of the Holy Roman Church