Fereydan

Fereydan (Persian: فریدن‎, Georgian: ფერეიდანი, Armenian: Փերիա) is a region of Isfahan Province, Iran.

Fereydan

Georgians in Fereydan
Main article: Georgians in Iran
The Mountain that is located like a wall between Georgians in Fereydan (Fereydunshahr, Sibak, Choqyurt and Nehzatabad in south and Buin va Miandasht, Afus,Dashkasan and Aghche in north)

The Fereydan Georgians (Georgian: ფერეიდნელები) are an ethnographic group of the Georgian people who mostly live in the city of Fereydunshahr and in the Fereydan region of Iran.

Origins

Although there had been Georgians both been carried off forcefully and to a lesser extent voluntarily moved since the time of shah Tahmasp I, the large Georgian community in Iran has most of its roots starting from shah Abbas I his ruling era. During the Persian punitive campaign in eastern Georgia by Shah Abbas in 1614–17 against his formerly most loyal Georgian subject Teimuraz I, the region of Kakheti and the city Tbilisi were both devastated, and extremely large amounts of its population forced into exile. In total, just after Shah Abbas' his return to Persia in 1617 after ending the campaign victoriously, about 200,000 ethnic Georgians from Kakheti were expelled to Isfahan province, the Fereydan county, and other regions in mainland Persia, such as in the north (present day Mazandaran province, Gilan province). Under the forced labor,[1] Georgians constructed bridges and organized the rehabilitation of the farmlands in the Fereydan valley.[2] Since the forced migration, Persianization, and islamisation,[3] few of the Fereydan Georgians had any contacts with their motherland. However, they managed to maintain the Georgian language, which they call Pereidnuli (and is intelligible with East Georgian dialects). Today, Fereydan Georgians are (100,000 +). The total amount of Iranian Georgians in the country or those Iranians with Georgian ancestry constitute a far greater amount, exceeding millions, and descend from the massive Georgian migrational waves between the 16th and course of the 19th centuries.

Georgians are natives in:

Fereydunshahr County

  1. Fereydunshahr (Georgian city, County Center)
  2. Sibak
  3. Choqyurt (Georgian and Luri village)
  4. Nehzatabad (Georgian and Luri village)

Buin va Miandasht County

  1. Buin va Miandasht (Georgian city, County Center)
  2. Afus
  3. Dashkasan
  4. Aghche

Armenians in Fereydan
Main article: Iranian Armenians

Fereydan (or Peria) was and still is populated by Armenians who were brought to this part of Iran by Shah Abbas of Safavid dynasty in 1603 and 1604, following the Nakhchivan deportations. The population of Iranian Armenians in the region has considerably declined in modernity.[4]

The following is a list of villages historically inhabited by Armenians, which were or are a part of Fereydan:

Fereydunshahr County

  1. Barf Anbar
  2. Sadeqiyeh
  3. Mila Gerd
  4. Sureshjan
  5. Khuygan-e Olya (Armenian, Turkish and Luri village)

Buin va Miandasht County

  1. Zarne (presently populated by Armenians)
  2. Hadan
  3. Hezar Jarib

Fereydan County

  1. Khuygan-e Sofla
  2. Chigan
  3. Derakhtak
  4. Gharghan
  5. Nemagerd
  6. Singerd
  7. Savaran

Fereydan's Cultural Heritage

More than 340 historical sites have been discovered in Fereydan County, 10 of which have been registered on the national heritage list. On Jan. 3, Head of Cultural Heritage of Fereydan County announced the discovery of an underground city at the foot of Fereydan which belongs to Achaemenid era.[5]

See also

References
  1. Muliani, S. (2001) Jaygah-e Gorjiha dar Tarikh va Farhang va Tammadon-e Iran. Esfahan: Yekta [The Georgians’ position in the Iranian history and civilization]
  2. Muliani, S. (2001) Jaygah-e Gorjiha dar Tarikh va Farhang va Tammadon-e Iran. Esfahan: Yekta [The Georgians’ position in the Iranian history and civilization]
  3. see Rezvani, Babak (2008). "The Islamization and Ethnogenesis of the Fereydani Georgians". Nationalities Papers. 36 (4): 593–623. doi:10.1080/00905990802230597. S2CID 154642238.
  4. Armenakyan, Nazik. "A Portrait of Armenian Women in Iran". Chai Khana. Retrieved 28 February 2019.
  5. "Underground Achaemenid City Discovered in Fereydan". Mehr News Agency. 2015-01-03. Retrieved 2020-11-09.

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