Farakka Feeder Canal

Feeder Canal[1] is a canal associated with Farakka Barrage. It is located in Murshidabad district, West Bengal. The canal is 38.3 km(26 miles) long. The Ganges water from the Farakka Dam is being conveyed to Bhagirathi by way of this canal. Due to the flow of river Bhagirathi-Hooghly through the Farakka dam project, around 40,000 cusec of water is available daily in the Feeder connection. The Feeder canal has been designed keeping in mind the ability to carry this amount of water. However, during the dry season, less water is released. The dry season is from January to May. During the period the flow of water in the feeder canal is reduced from 40 thousand cusecs to 30 to 28 thousand cusecs.[2] If the severe drought brings down the Ganges water from its upper reaches, then less water is available in feeder canal.[3]

The 38.38 km long feeder canal takes off upstream of the Farakka Barrage and links with the Bhagirathi River.[4] The feeder canal was constructed across the flow of the small flashy rivers such as Gumani, Trimohini and Kanloi. The discharges of the Trimohini and Kanloi were designed to flow into the feeder canal, and whenever the discharges of these rivers exceed the design capacity, they cause problems. The discharge of the Bagmari was designed to flow into the Ganga along its course through a siphon across the feeder canal. With the choking of the outlet to the Ganges, the flood discharge spills over to the basins of the Pagla and the Bansloi and floods around 100 km2.[5]

Farakka water sharing treaty

As per the treaty between India and Bangladesh, signed in 1996, for sharing of the Ganges water at Farakka, the division is as follows:[6]

Availability at FarakkaShare of IndiaShare of Bangladesh
70,000 cusecs or less50%50%
70,000 – 75,000 cusecsBalance of the flow35,000 cusecs
75,000 cusecs or more40,000 cusecsBalance of the flow

References
  1. Salman, Salman M. A.; Uprety, Kishor (2002). Conflict and cooperation on South Asia's international rivers: a legal perspective. World Bank Publications. pp. 135–136. ISBN 978-0-8213-5352-3.
  2. "Five units in NTPC Farakka plant shut down due to lack of water".
  3. "ফারাক্কায় বাংলাদেশকে দেয়ার মতো যথেষ্ট পানি থাকে না".
  4. "Farakka Barrage Project". FBP. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
  5. "Types and sources of floods in Murshidabad, West Bengal" (PDF). Swati Mollah. Indian Journal of Applied Research, February 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 20 August 2017. Retrieved 15 August 2017.
  6. "Treaty between the Government of the Republic of India and the Government of the People's Republic of Bangladesh on sharing of the Ganga/ Ganges waters at Farakka" (PDF). ssvk. Retrieved 12 August 2017.

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