Ewald Mataré

Ewald Wilhelm Hubert Mataré (25 February 1887 in Burtscheid, Aachen – 28 March 1965 in Büderich) was a German painter and sculptor, who dealt with, among other things, the figures of men and animals in a stylized form.

Angel at the Bishop's apartments of the Diocese of Essen

Career

Mataré began his instruction as an artist at the Prussian Academy of Arts in Berlin in 1907. He was a student of Prof. Julius Ehrentraut (b. 1841), Lovis Corinth (1858–1925), and History painter Arthur Kampf. In 1918, he joined the November Group. Mataré first dedicated himself to sculpture after finishing his painting studies. A great part of his sculpted work are of animal figures.

In 1932 he received a professorship at the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf. After the Machtergreifung of 1933 however, all cultural and artistic life in Germany was brought into ideological alignment by the Nazis; Mataré was denounced as "degenerate" and expelled from his position. One of his sculptures "Die Katze" (The cat) was placed into the exhibition of shame and derision "Entartete Kunst" (Degenerate Art) staged by the Nazis in Munich, 1937.[1] Church commissions became his sole source of income.

After the war, Mataré was asked to become the director of the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf, but he quickly resigned because he felt there were still too many professors at the Akademie who had been actively teaching there during the Third Reich. Furthermore, no one was interested in his ambitious reform plans, which would have allowed fourteen-year-olds to study at the Akademie. However he was active at the Academy - albeit in an off-site studio - for long enough to teach artists like Günter Haese, Erwin Heerich, Georg Meistermann, and, most famously, Joseph Beuys.[2] During the post-war era, Mataré took many commissions from the public sector; he also worked on many churches, e.g. he built four doors for the south portal of the Cologne Cathedral. He participated in documenta 1 (1955) and 2 (1959).

Work

Matare's work varies from the simplicity of his animal forms in which he explores shape and line, to the profound spirituality of his religious works. Even those not religiously inclined cannot fail to be deeply moved by many of these works. A 2006 exhibition of his work in Salzburg, Austria, demonstrated the heights which his work could achieve. It is remarkable that an artist of such power is not better known internationally.

Private life

In 1922, Mataré married the 31-year-old Hanna Hasenbäumer. Nonetheless, at 37 years old, he entered into a deep depression. They had a daughter, Sonja Beatrice (b. 9 August 1926). Mataré died in 1965 from a pulmonary embolism.

His nephew Herbert Franz Mataré (1912-2011) was a German physicist and co-inventor of the "European transistor" in 1948.

Awards

Works

Mataré's most famous works include:

  • Doors of the south portal of Cologne Cathedral
  • Doors of the Church of Peace in Hiroshima
  • Altar design in St. Andreas Church in Düsseldorf
  • The entire interior of St. Rochus Church in Düsseldorf (partially destroyed, lost)
  • The phoenix in the North Rhine-Westphalia Parliament (Landtag) building
  • The pigeon fountain in front of Cologne Cathedral
  • Entrance gate and windows of the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf
  • Portal of St. Lambertus Basilica in Düsseldorf
  • Façade as well as Portal and Balcony at the Essen Minster Schatzhaus.
  • Façade of Haus Atlantis in Bremen
  • Soldier Memorial in Cleves
  • His last large project (1965): Entrance doors and décor of the chapal at the Catholic Social Institute (KSI) of the Archdiocese of Cologne in Bad Honnef.

References
  1. Stephanie Baron (ed), Peter Guenther at al. (1992) „Entartete Kunst“ Das Schicksal der Avantgarde im Nazi-Deutschland. Exhibition catalogue, Los Angeles County Museum of Art and German Historic Museum. Hirmer Verlag, Munich, ISBN 3-7774-5880-5.
  2. Adriani, Götz, Winfried Konnertz, and Karin Thomas: Joseph Beuys: Life and Works. Trans. Patricia Lech. Woodbury, N.Y.: Barron’s Educational Series, 1979.
  • The information in this article is largely based on a translation of its German version.
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