Eucalyptus macrandra

Eucalyptus macrandra, commonly known as long-flowered marlock,[2] river yate[3] or twet,[4] is a species of mallee or small tree that is endemic to the south-west of Western Australia. It has smooth greyish bark, lance-shaped adult leaves, flower buds usually in groups of fifteen, pale yellow flowers and elongated cup-shaped to bell-shaped fruits.

flowers and buds
fruit

Long-flowered marlock
Eucalyptus macrandra in the Stirling Range National Park
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Myrtales
Family: Myrtaceae
Genus: Eucalyptus
Species:
E. macrandra
Binomial name
Eucalyptus macrandra
E. macrandra, field distribution

Description

Eucalyptus macrandra is a mallee, sometimes a small tree, that typically grows to a height of 2 to 8 metres (7 to 26 ft) and forms a lignotuber. It has smooth, pale grey to light brown bark, sometimes with rough, blackish bark near the base. Young plants and coppice regrowth have glossy green, egg-shaped leaves arranged alternately, 40–70 mm (1.6–2.8 in) long and 15–30 mm (0.59–1.18 in) wide. Adult leaves are arranged alternately, the same shade of glossy green on both sides, lance-shaped, 55–120 mm (2.2–4.7 in) long and 10–25 mm (0.39–0.98 in) wide, tapering to a petiole 8–20 mm (0.31–0.79 in) long. The flowers are arranged in leaf axils in groups of between 13 and 31, usually fifteen, on a flattened, unbranched peduncle 6–26 mm (0.24–1.02 in) long, the individual buds on pedicels 1–4 mm (0.039–0.157 in) long. Mature buds are 15–36 mm (0.59–1.42 in) long and 2–7 mm (0.079–0.276 in) wide with an operculum up to five time as long as the floral cup. Flowering occurs from November to December or from January to April and the flowers are pale yellowish green. The fruit is a woody, elongated cup-shaped to bell-shaped capsule 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) long wide with the valves at about rim level.[3][5]

Taxonomy and naming

Eucalyptus macrandra was first formally described in 1867 by George Bentham from an unpublished description by Ferdinand von Mueller. The type specimen was collected by George Maxwell "from valleys south of the Stirling range to Salt River and Phillips range" and the description was published in Flora Australiensis.[6][7] The specific epithet (macrandra) means "large or long stamens.[8][9]

The name twet is from the Noongar language.[4]

Joseph Maiden reduced the species to a variety in 1911 as Eucalyptus occidentalis var. macrandra in the article 'Notes on Western Australian eucalypts, including description of new species' in the Journal of the Natural History & Science Society of Western Australia but the name change has not been accepted by the Australian Plant Census.[10]

Distribution and habitat

Long-flowered marlock is found in a variety of soil types in areas north of Albany and favours river plains or depressions. It occurs in semi-arid regions of the south-west of the state, such as the Dryandra Woodland in the Avon Wheatbelt, Esperance Plains, Jarrah Forest and Mallee biogeographic regions.[2]

Conservation status

This eucalypt is classified as "not threatened" in Western Australia by the Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.[2]

Use in horticulture

Eucalyptus macrandra is easily grown from seed, but requires good drainage and a dry, frost-free climate. It is used for bonsai, suburban street trees and is cultivated in countries outside of Australia.[11]

Cultivated specimens

See also

References
  1. "Eucalyptus macrandra". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  2. "Eucalyptus macrandra". FloraBase. Western Australian Government Department of Parks and Wildlife.
  3. "Eucalyptus macrandra". Euclid: Centre for Australian National Biodiversity Research. Retrieved 1 June 2020.
  4. "Noongar names for plants". kippleonline.net. Archived from the original on 2 August 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
  5. Chippendale, George M. "Eucalyptus macrandra". Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of the Environment and Energy, Canberra. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  6. "Eucalyptus macrandra". APNI. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  7. Bentham, George; von Mueller, Ferdinand (1867). Flora Australiensis. London: Lovell Reeve & Co. Retrieved 20 September 2019.
  8. Backer, C.A. (1936). Verklarend woordenboek der wetenschappelijke namen van de in Nederland en Nederlandsch-Indië in het wild groeiende en in tuinen en parken gekweekte varens en hoogere planten (Edition Nicoline van der Sijs)
  9. Sharr, Francis Aubi; George, Alex (2019). Western Australian Plant Names and Their Meanings (3rd ed.). Kardinya, WA: Four Gables Press. p. 246. ISBN 9780958034180.
  10. "Eucalyptus occidentalis var. macrandra". APNI. Retrieved 19 September 2019.
  11. "Eucalyptus macrandra – long-flowered marlock". Gardening With Angus. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
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