Eremophila bowmanii

Eremophila bowmanii, also known as silver turkeybush, Bowman's poverty bush and flannel bush, is a flowering plant in the figwort family, Scrophulariaceae and is endemic to New South Wales and Queensland in Australia. It is a low to medium, spreading shrub with silvery-grey, hairy foliage and blue to lilac flowers, and sometimes grows in dense thickets with mulga.

Silver turkeybush
Eremophila bowmanii subsp. latifolia in the Royal Botanic Gardens, Melbourne
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Scrophulariaceae
Genus: Eremophila
Species:
E. bowmanii
Binomial name
Eremophila bowmanii
Synonyms[1]
  • Bondtia bowmannii Kuntze orth. var.
  • Bontia bowmanii (F.Muell.) Kuntze
  • Eremophila bowmani F.Muell. orth. var.
Subsp. bowmanii (white form) in the Mount Annan Botanic Garden

Description

Eremophila bowmanii is a shrub which usually grows to a height and width of 1.5 m (5 ft) grows but sometimes as high as 3 m (10 ft). Its branches, leaves, flower stalks and sepals are all covered with tangled, silvery hairs making the plant appear silvery-grey. The leaves are 9–50 mm (0.4–2 in) long, 1–11.5 mm (0.04–0.5 in) wide and range in shape from linear to egg-shaped or almost circular.[2][3][4][5][6]

The flowers are usually borne singly in leaf axils on a stalk 6–19 mm (0.2–0.7 in) long. There are 5 pointed, green to purple sepals which are 12–19 mm (0.5–0.7 in) long and are covered with silvery hairs. The petals are about 21–30 mm (0.8–1 in) long and joined at their lower end to form a tube. The tube is a shade of purple or lilac, rarely white, sometimes with small purple spots inside the tube. The tube and the petal lobes on its end are mostly glabrous except for inside the tube which is woolly. There are 4 stamens which are enclosed in the petal tube. Flowering mostly occurs from winter to late spring and is followed by fruit which are oval-shaped, 6–8.5 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long and woody with a papery covering.[2][3][4]

Taxonomy and naming

The species was first formally described by Ferdinand von Mueller in 1861 and the description was published in Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae.[7][8] The specific epithet (bowmanii) honours the collector of the type specimen, Edward M. Bowman,[2] a station worker.[9]

In 1992, Robert Chinnock described three subspecies in his book, Eremophila and Allied Genera: A Monograph of the Plant Family Myoporaceae, and the names are accepted by the Australian Plant Census:

  • E. bowmanii F.Muell. subsp. bowmanii[10] which has linear leaves with their edges rolled under;
  • E. bowmanii subsp. latifolia (L.S.Sm.) Chinnock [11] which has leaves that are flat, lance- or egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, and spreading flowers;
  • E. bowmanii subsp. nutans Chinnock[12] which has egg-shaped to almost circular leaves with thickened edges, and flowers that hang from their stalks.[2][5]

Distribution and habitat

Eremophila bowmanii is widespread and common in central parts of northern New South Wales and southern Queensland growing in red soils in mulga, mallee and woodland. (There is one record from South Australia.)[2][5]

Ecology

This species sometimes grows in dense stands, sometimes indicating overgrazing of grasses by livestock but it is not usually itself eaten by cattle or sheep.[5]

Conservation status

Eremophila bowmanii is listed as "not at risk".[2]

Use in horticulture

Silver turkeybush is a popular garden plant and one of the most attractive small, grey-leaved eremophilas. It can be propagated from seed or from cuttings but needs to be grafted onto Myoporum species in temperate areas like Sydney or when grown in alkaline soil. It grows best in well-drained soil in a sunny position and is drought and frost tolerant.[4][5][6]

References
  1. "Eremophila bowmanii". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  2. Chinnock, R.J. (Bob) (2007). Eremophila and allied genera : a monograph of the plant family Myoporaceae (1st ed.). Dural, NSW: Rosenberg. pp. 487–490. ISBN 9781877058165.
  3. Chinnock, Robert J. "Eremophila bowmanii". Royal Botanic Garden Sydney: Plantnet. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  4. "Eremophila bowmanii". Australian Native Plants Society, Australia. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  5. "Flora of South-West Queensland". Meal and Livestock Australia. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  6. Boschen, Norma; Goods, Maree; Wait, Russell (2008). Australia's eremophilas : changing gardens for a changing climate. Melbourne: Bloomings Books. pp. 69–70. ISBN 9781876473655.
  7. "Eremophila bowmanii". APNI. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  8. von Mueller, Ferdinand (1861). Fragmenta Phytographiae Australiae (Volume II). Melbourne. pp. 139–140. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  9. "Bowman, Edward M. (1826 - 1872)". Australian National Botanic Garden. Retrieved 23 December 2015.
  10. "Eremophila bowmanii subsp. bowmanii". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  11. "Eremophila bowmanii subsp. latifolia". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
  12. "Eremophila bowmanii subsp. nutans". Australian Plant Census. Retrieved 8 April 2020.
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