Epiactis lisbethae

Epiactis lisbethae
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Cnidaria
Class:	Anthozoa
Order:	Actiniaria
Family:	Actiniidae
Genus:	Epiactis
Species:	E. lisbethae
Binomial name
	Epiactis lisbethae; Fautin & Chia, 1986[1]

Epiactis lisbethae, commonly known as Lisbeth's brooding anemone, is a species of sea anemone in the family Actiniidae. It is similar in appearance to the common brooding anemone (Epiactis prolifera), and like it is native to shallow waters on the western coast of North America.

Description

E. lisbethae is similar to the more common brooding anemone (Epiactis prolifera) but typically is larger, with a column diameter greater than 50 mm (2 in). When contracted, it is dome-shaped, and sand particles do not adhere to the column. Bold striping on the pedal base, which flares out over the rock surface, extends as striations up the column. At some seasons of the year, the young are brooded in a band of several hundred on the outside of the column, and these juveniles are all much the same size. This anemone is dull red, greenish, brown or orange in colour, the oral disc having fine white radial lines extending from the tentacles to the mouth.[2][3]

Distribution

First described in 1986 from the San Juan Islands of Washington state, the species was named in honour of Lisbeth Francis, a marine biologist at Western Washington University. Its range extends from Bamfield on Vancouver Island, Canada, southwards to Coos Bay in southern Oregon and to northern California, United States. It is uncommon in Oregon and California.[2][3]

Ecology

The sexes are separate in this anemone and breeding is seasonal. After internal fertilisation, the eggs are initially retained in the gastrovascular cavity. They later are expelled from the mouth and move down the column, where they adhere in a broad belt halfway down; here the larvae are brooded for several months. When sufficiently developed, the juveniles slither or crawl down the column and move to a new location.[4] Red, green and brown anemones tend to have pinkish young while orange individuals usually have orange young.[3]

References

Fautin, Daphne (2015). "Epiactis lisbethae Fautin & Chia, 1986". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Light, Sol Felty (2007). The Light and Smith Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon. University of California Press. p. 182. ISBN 978-0-520-23939-5.
Cowles, Dave (2006). "Epiactis lisbethae Fautin and Chia, 1986". Invertebrates of the Salish Sea. Walla Walla University. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
Edmands, S.; Potts, D.C. (1997). "Population genetic structure in brooding sea anemones (Epiactis spp.) with contrasting reproductive modes". Marine Biology. 127 (3): 485–498. doi:10.1007/s002270050037.

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[WoRMS-1] Fautin, Daphne (2015). "Epiactis lisbethae Fautin & Chia, 1986". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 18 November 2017.

[Light-2] Light, Sol Felty (2007). The Light and Smith Manual: Intertidal Invertebrates from Central California to Oregon. University of California Press. p. 182. ISBN 978-0-520-23939-5.

[Walla-3] Cowles, Dave (2006). "Epiactis lisbethae Fautin and Chia, 1986". Invertebrates of the Salish Sea. Walla Walla University. Retrieved 18 November 2017.

[4] Edmands, S.; Potts, D.C. (1997). "Population genetic structure in brooding sea anemones (Epiactis spp.) with contrasting reproductive modes". Marine Biology. 127 (3): 485–498. doi:10.1007/s002270050037.