Eni Njoku

Eni Njoku (6 November 1917 – 22 December 1974) was a Nigerian botanist and educator. He was vice-chancellor of the University of Lagos (1962–65) and the University of Nigeria, Nsukka (1966-1970).[1] He served in the Nigerian House of Representatives as federal minister of Mines and Power, and was chairman of the Electricity Corporation of Nigeria. He was an emissary at OAU-sponsored peace talks.

Eni Njoku
Born(1917-11-06)November 6, 1917
Ebem, Ohafia, Abia state, Nigeria
DiedDecember 22, 1974(1974-12-22) (aged 57)
London, England
NationalityNigerian
EducationHope Waddell Institute
Yaba Higher College
University of Manchester
University of London
Known forScience research, teaching
University administration
Spouse(s)Winifred Beardsall
Children4
Scientific career
FieldsBotany
InstitutionsUniversity of Ibadan
University of Lagos
Michigan State University
University of Nigeria, Nsukka

Biography

Education

Eni Njoku was born on November 6, 1917 in Ebem, Ohafia, Abia State. He is of Igbo origin.[2]

He was educated at Ebem Primary School and attended the Hope Waddell Training Institute, Calabar from 1933 to 1936. He attended the Yaba Higher College (now Yaba College of Technology) Lagos from 1937 to 1939 graduating with a tertiary education certificate.[3]

Njoku studied botany at the University of Manchester in England. He graduated with a first-class honors degree in 1947 and obtained his M.A. degree the following year. In 1954, he obtained his external doctorate degree from the University of London.[4][5]

Career

When he returned to Nigeria in 1948, Njoku took up a teaching appointment at the University College, Ibadan[6] (now University of Ibadan) as a lecturer in Botany. He was one of only two Nigerians on the academic staff at the opening of the college in 1948.[7] He studied photoperiodicity in tropical crops and plants,[7] and published several research papers on these topics. He became a senior lecturer and then professor. He served as head of the Department of Botany and dean of the Faculty of Science. He was a member of the University Council from 1955 to 1962.[7] Entering politics, he was a member of the Nigerian House of Representatives in the federal government, serving as minister of Mines and Power from 1952 to 1953.[8] He was chairman of the Electricity Corporation of Nigeria (1960).[9]

In 1962, Njoku became the first vice-chancellor of the University of Lagos. Following a major crisis in 1965 over his re-appointment,[10] he resigned to become a visiting professor at Michigan State University.[2] In 1966, Njoku was appointed vice-chancellor of the University of Nigeria, Nsukka where he remained until the outbreak of the Nigerian civil war in 1967.[11][12]

During the civil war Njoku remained in Biafra as an advisor and administrator, advocating for peaceful resolution of the civil war conflict. He was a leader of Biafran delegations to the Ad Hoc Constitutional Conference in Lagos (1966) and OAU-sponsored peace talks in Niamey and Addis Ababa (1968).[13][14][15] After the war ended in 1970 he returned to teaching and research at the University of Nigeria,[13] which he continued until his death in 1974.

Legacy

Eni Njoku was a pre-eminent Nigerian scholar, teacher, administrator, and scientist. He was a pioneer in advancing the development of higher education and universities in Nigeria.[16] Early in his career he was an outspoken advocate for improvement in the quality of Nigerian higher education.[17] Later, Ashby referred to him as “one of the most eminent of Nigerians” and noted his “enlightened leadership of the University of Lagos.”[17] In addition to his publications, Njoku received international recognition as a scientist-educator through his leadership in the activities of UNESCO furthering higher education and training in West Africa.

Recognition and Awards

Njoku served on the boards of the Commonwealth Scientific Committee, the United Nations Advisory Committee on the Application of Science and Technology as well as the UNESCO Advisory Committee in Natural Sciences. He also served on the councils of the Universities of Zambia and Zaire (Democratic Republic of Congo). He received the honorary D.Sc. degree from the University of Nigeria in 1964, and in 1966 Michigan State University conferred on him an honorary doctor of laws degree. In 1973 the University of Lagos awarded its first vice-chancellor an honorary D.Sc. degree.[18]

Selected works
  • Njoku, Eni (1956). Studies in the morphogenesis of leaves. XI. The effect of light intensity on leaf shape in Ipomoea caerulea.[19]
  • Njoku, Eni (1963). Seasonal periodicity in the growth and development of some forest trees in Nigeria: I. Observations on mature trees.[20]
  • Njoku, Eni (1971). The effect of sugars and applied chemicals on heteroblastic development in Ipomoea Purpurea grown in aseptic culture.[21]

See also

References
  1. "Eni Njoku". online education magazine. 2014-10-05. Retrieved 2021-01-06.
  2. Levi Akalazu Nwachuku; G. N. Uzoigwe (2004). Troubled Journey: Nigeria Since the Civil War (Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series). University press of America. p. 27. ISBN 978-0-761-8271-22.
  3. "Meet Prof Eni Njoku, UNN VC during the civil war".
  4. Cryan, Bob (July 2011). "Robert Edwards receiving his Honorary Doctorate from the University of Huddersfield". Reproductive BioMedicine Online. 23: 86–87. doi:10.1016/s1472-6483(11)60195-8. ISSN 1472-6483.
  5. International Science Notes. Department of State, Bureau of Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs. 1964.
  6. Saunders, J.T. (1960). University College Ibadan. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521061962.
  7. Ade Ajayi, J.F.; Tamuno, T.N. (1973). The University of Ibadan, 1948-73:A history of the first twenty-five years. Ibadan: Ibadan University Press. pp. 203, 211, 287.
  8. Ezera, Kalu (1964). Constitutional Developments in Nigeria. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 143.
  9. Sklar, Richard (1963). Nigerian Political Parties:Power in an Emergent African Nation. Princeton: Princeton University Press. p. 412.
  10. Diamond, Larry Jay (1988). Class, Ethnicity, and Democracy in Nigeria: The Failure of the First Republic. Syracuse University Press. p. 249. ISBN 9780815624226. Retrieved 22 January 2013.
  11. "Saburi Biobaku: Unilag's VC who was stabbed by a student who disagreed with his choice as VC". Businessday NG. 2018-02-04. Retrieved 2020-05-26.
  12. "Saburi Biobaku: Unilag's VC who was stabbed by a student who disagreed with his choice as VC". Businessday NG. 2018-02-04. Retrieved 2020-05-11.
  13. de St. Jorre, John (1972). The Brothers' War: Biafra and Nigeria. London: Faber and Faber. pp. 199, 227, 412. ISBN 9780571251919.
  14. Akpan, N.U. (1972). The Struggle for Secession, 1966-1970. Routledge. pp. 37–47, 139. ISBN 0714629499.
  15. Efiong, Philip (2007). Nigeria and Biafra: My Story. African Tree Press. pp. 152, 239–242. ISBN 1592320139.
  16. Maxwell, I.C.M. (1980). Universities in Partnership: The Inter-University Council and the growth of higher education in developing countries 1946-70. Edinburgh: Scottish Academic Press. pp. 33, 132, 134. ISBN 0707302706.
  17. Ashby, Eric (1966). Universities: British, Indian, African: A Study in the Ecology of Higher Education. Harvard University Press. pp. 196–7, 253, 321, 324–7.
  18. School of Law, Pace University (2003). "Honorary Degree Citation, Sonia Sotomayor, Doctor of Laws, May 18, 2003". SSRN Electronic Journal. doi:10.2139/ssrn.1410729. ISSN 1556-5068.
  19. Njoku, E. (1956). "Studies in the morphogenesis of leaves. XI. The effect of light intensity on leaf shape in Ipomoea caerulea". New Phytologist. 55 (1): 91–110.
  20. Njoku, E. (1963). "Seasonal periodicity in the growth and development of some forest trees in Nigeria: I. Observations on mature trees". Journal of Ecology. 51 (3): 617–624.
  21. Njoku, E. (1971). "The effect of sugars and applied chemicals on heteroblastic development in Ipomoea Purpurea grown in aseptic culture". American Journal of Botany. 58 (1): 61–64.
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