Edward A. Bayer

Professor Edward A. Bayer

Edward A. Bayer is an American-Israeli scientist.

Early life

Edward A. Bayer was born on January 4, 1947, in Detroit, Michigan, US to Adele A. and Harmon S. Bayer. Edward (“Ed” or “Eddie”) spent most of his primary school years in a predominantly Jewish northwest Detroit neighborhood, where so many of his fellow Baby Boomers lived. Here his Jewish identity, and other aspects of his identity, was established. The eldest of four siblings, two brothers (Gerald E. and Charles S.) and later a sister (Irene S.), he demonstrated many talents at an early age by organizing creative games, baseball competitions, productions, nature outings and other diversions. His interest in science and animals was formed early as exhibited by many excursions with his brothers into the "wilds". When his family moved to the Detroit suburb of West Bloomfield, his first year in Junior High School, Ed continued his creative pursuits. Demonstrating remarkable artistic tendencies even as a toddler, he used his skills to produce a puppet show, designing and creating by hand all the puppets and guiding his brothers in every aspect of the production. Ed was known in High School as a jokester and often combined this with his love of Science, and repeatedly topped his Chemistry teacher by proving him wrong in a funny and delicate way.

Education

He graduated with B.Sc. and M. Sc. in Zoology and Biology in University of Michigan and Wayne State University. He immigrated to Israel in 1971. He then graduated a Ph.D. in biophysics from the Weizmann Institute of Science, under the supervision of Meir Wilchek. Edward A. Bayer became a professor in the Weizmann Institute of Science in 2001 and published over 400 scientific papers in reputed journals. He is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board, of US-Department of Energy BioEnergy Science Center (BESC) since 2008 and of the Israel VATAT Planning and Budgeting Committee: National Subcommittee on "Energy & the Environment" and also serves as editor in several distinguished scientific journals.

Scientific contributions

Edward A. Bayer participated in the development of avidin-biotin technology [1] (together with Meir Wilchek) that contributed to the field of biorecognition and is intensively used in various biochemical applications, e.g. for affinity chromatography, affinity labeling, affinity therapy and many more. During his post-doctoral studies at Tel Aviv University, Edward A. Bayer co-discoverered the Cellulosome [2][3] (together with Raphael Lamed Professor at Tel Aviv University), an intricate multi-enzyme complex produced by many cellulolytic anaerobic microorganisms.[4][5] In 1994,[6][7][8] Edward A. Bayer proposed an original concept for the construction of designer cellulosomes, based on the specific affinity between cohesin and dockerin modules from the same bacterial species and type.

Designer cellulosome technology enables the precise incorporation of dockerin-containing enzymes into the scaffoldin subunit. Schematic representation of a trivalent designer cellulosome. The chimaeric enzymes bind to the divergent cohesins according to their specificity allowing control of the stoichiometric ratio and enzyme location.

These enzymatic complexes are composed of recombinant chimaeric scaffoldins and dockerin-containing enzyme hybrids and serve as nanomolecular tool for the characterization of cellulosomes. The use of designer cellulosome technology for the construction of a consolidated bioprocessing (CBP) organism to will combine enzyme production, cellulose hydrolysis, and fermentation into a single process for the conversion of lignocellulosic waste and biomass to valuables products such as sugars and biofuels has been demonstrated.[9][10]

Honors and awards
  • 1979-1982 Recipient of NIH National Research Service Award.
  • 1990 Recipient of The Sarstedt Research Award (together with Meir Wilchek) for "development of biotin-avidin systems for biomedical analysis." Presented by the German Association for Clinical Chemistry (Nümbrecht, Germany).
  • 1993-1999 Peer-elected to General Council of the International Society for Molecular Recognition.
  • 2002 Elected to Fellowship by the American Academy of Microbiology
  • 2005-2009 Peer-elected to National Council of the Israeli Society of Microbiology
  • 2006 Recipient of The Ulitzky Prize, The Israel Society for Microbiology
  • 2007-2013 Peer-elected to General Council of the International Society for Molecular Recognition.
  • 2013 Invited Member of the European Academy of Microbiologists

References
  1. Wilchek, M., Bayer, E. A. & Livnah, O. Essentials of biorecognition: The (strept)avidin-biotin system as a model for protein-protein and protein-ligand interaction. Immunol. Lett. 103, 27–32 (2006).
  2. Lamed, R., Setter, E. & Bayer, E. A. Characterization of a cellulose-binding, cellulase-containing complex in Clostridium thermocellum. J. Bacteriol. 156, 828–36 (1983).
  3. Bayer, E. A., Kenig, R. & Lamed, R. Adherence of Clostridium thermocellum to cellulose. J. Bacteriol. 156, 818–27 (1983).
  4. Artzi, L., Bayer, E. A. & Moraïs, S. Cellulosomes: bacterial nanomachines for dismantling plant polysaccharides. Nat. Rev. Micro. (2016).
  5. Bayer, E. A., Shoham, Y. & Lamed, R. in The prokaryotes-Prokaryotic Physiology and Biochemistry (eds. Rosenberg, E., DeLong, E. F., Lory, S., Stackebrandt, E. & Thomson, F.) 215–265 (2013).
  6. Bayer, E. A., Morag, E. & Lamed, R. The cellulosome-a treasure-trove for biotechnology. Trends Biotechnol. 12, 379–86 (1994)
  7. Fierobe, H. P. et al. Action of designer cellulosomes on homogeneous versus complex substrates: Controlled incorporation of three distinct enzymes into a defined trifunctional scaffoldin. J. Biol. Chem. 280, 16325–16334 (2005).
  8. Davidi, L. et al. Toward combined delignification and saccharification of wheat straw by a laccase-containing designer cellulosome. 1–6 (2016).
  9. .Willson, B. J. et al. Biotechnology for biofuels production of a functional cell wall anchored minicellulosome by recombinant Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824. Biotechnol. Biofuels 9, 109 (2016).
  10. Liang, Y., Si, T., Ang, E. L. & Zhao, H. Engineered Pentafunctional Minicellulosome for Simultaneous Saccharification and Ethanol Fermentation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 80, 6677–6684 (2014).
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