Eaton Square

Eaton Square is a grand, rectangular,[lower-alpha 1] residential garden square in London's Belgravia district. It is the largest square in London. It is one of the three squares built by the landowning Grosvenor family when they developed the main part of Belgravia in the 19th century that are named after places in Cheshire — in this case Eaton Hall, the Grosvenor country house. It is larger but less grand than the central feature of the district, Belgrave Square, and both larger and grander than Chester Square. The first block was laid out by Thomas Cubitt from 1827. In 2016 it was named as the "Most Expensive Place to Buy Property in Britain", with a full terraced house costing on average 17 million pounds[1] — many of such town houses have been converted, within the same, protected structures, into upmarket apartments.

Long, white, porticoed terraces on the north side of the square.

The six adjoining, tree-planted, central gardens of Eaton Square are Grade II listed on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens.[2] All of the buildings (№s 1–7, 8-12A, 14–23, 24 and 24a to 48, 51–62, 63–66, Eaton House (№ 66a), 67–71, 72, 73–82, 83–102 and 103–118) are statutorily listed, specifically at Grade II* save as to 1 to 7 and 63 to 66a which are in the mainstream, initial category of grade II.[3][4] №s 103 to 105 are leased and internally converted into the Belgian Embassy, as is № 106 for the Bolivian Embassy.

The red telephone booth, of the "K6" edition outside № 103, is Grade II listed.[5]

Overview
102 Eaton Square

The houses in Eaton Square are large, predominantly three-bay-wide buildings, joined in regular terraces in a classical style, with four or five main storeys, plus attic and basement and a mews house behind. Most of the houses are faced with white stucco, but some are faced with underlying high-quality brickwork. Sides are set 350 feet (110 m) apart 1,615 feet (492 m) apart.

As to roads: the whole rectangle is divided into six compartments or zones as it is bisected lengthways by the Victoria or Buckingham Palace approach way to the King's Road which is very diversely and briefly successively named northeast of Sloane Square). Crossways it is spanned by four less important roads, all of which change name before during and after their transit across the square. All of the roads while in transit across the square assume the name Eaton Square and most of them are one-way, with no full outer circuit in any one direction permitted or possible.

In 1900, the Welsh Industrial Association held an exhibition at 83 Eaton Square, rented by the Winifred, Countess of Dundonald, the event was visited by Alexandra, Princess of Wales. The person presiding over the refreshment room exhibition was Kathleen, Duchess of Wellington, assisted by Mrs. A.J. Warden, with a party of attractive ladies wearing the national costume of Wales accompanied by Ivor and Albertina Herbert of Llanover's Harpist playing for the occasion.[6]

Between 1916 and 1917, building 87 briefly became the 'Countess of Dundonald hospital', treating many of the wounded in the Great War, George V & Queen Consort Mary of Teck visited the patients at the Hospital, they were greeted by the Staff and Countess of Dundonald herself.[7][8]

Before World War II homes on the street ranked as those of the upper class but was outranked by comparators in Belgrave Square, Grosvenor Square, St James's Square or Park Lane. The aftermath of that war saw most of those converted to commercial and institutional uses, leaving the square almost wholly residential, raising its prominence. Some of the houses remain undivided but many have been internally converted into flats or multi-storey instances (maisonettes) by permission or instruction of the Grosvenor Estate. These are often lateral conversions – that is, they cut across more than one of the original houses – let under typical long leases across the uppermost price bracket, their exact price depending on size, lease duration and amenity. The façades of the square remain as imagined and built. Most but not all of the freeholds still belong to the Grosvenor Group. Hugh Grosvenor, 7th Duke of Westminster, who inherited the Duke of Westminster title from his father Gerald Grosvenor in 2016, uses one as his London home. Until the 1920s his predecessors lived in Grosvenor House the mansion forerunner to the Grosvenor House Hotel on Park Lane facing Hyde Park.

St Peter's, Eaton Square

Co-fronting the north-east end is St Peter's, a 200-feet-long, tree-lined Church of England church, in a classical style, fronted by a six-columned Ionic portico behind which is a slender clock tower. It was designed by Henry Hakewill and built between 1824 and 1827 (during the square's building).

Between 1940 and 1944 the Belgian government in exile occupied its three numbers which have been long used as that country's embassy in Britain and further premises in central London as their lesser homes and offices.

Fictional references
Eaton Square
  • Adam Verver and his wife, the former Charlotte Stant live at the square in the last complete major novel by Henry James, The Golden Bowl.[lower-alpha 2]
  • In the original newspaper piece that was expanded into Gilbert and Sullivan's Trial by Jury, the judge invites the rest of the cast to his house in "Five hundred and eleven, Eaton Square" for the wedding breakfast.[9]
  • In Angela Carter's last novel, Wise Children, Eaton Square is visited by Peregrine Hazard after returning by cab from the beach.
  • In Anthony Trollope's novel The Bertrams Sir Henry Harcourt and his unhappy bride Lady Harcourt (Caroline Waddington) take a house in the square after their marriage.
  • In Jeffrey Archer's First Among Equals, Hon. Charles Gurney Seymour, future cabinet minister and son of the Earl of Bridgwater, and his wife Lady Fiona, daughter of the Duke of Falkirk, live in Eaton Square.
  • BBC 1938 radio series Send for Paul Temple bases him in the street; readers find him at flat "№26A" in novelization Paul Temple and the Tyler Mystery
Eaton Place

The Bellamy family of Upstairs, Downstairs lived in "165" Eaton Place, one of the grand approach ways.

Notable residents

Footnotes and citations
Footnotes
  1. Its length 4.61 times its width
  2. The Golden Bowl begins with Volume One, Book Three, Chapter Four.
Citations
  1. "London's Eaton Square most expensive place to buy home in Britain". BBC. 23 December 2016. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
  2. Historic England, "The Grosvenor Estate: Eaton Square (1000801)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 March 2018
  3. At Grade II: Historic England, "1–7 Eaton Square, SW1 (1066886)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 March 2018
    Historic England, "63–66 Eaton Square (1066854)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 March 2018
    Historic England, "Eaton House [66a] (1356978)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 March 2018
  4. At Grade II*:
    Historic England, "8-12A, 14–23 Eaton Square (1066852)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 January 2020
    Historic England, "24 and 24a to 48 (1357004)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 January 2020
    Historic England, "51–62 (1066853)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 January 2020
    Historic England, "63–71 (1066855)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 January 2020
    Historic England, "72 and 101–105 Eaton Place (1211084)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 January 2020
    Historic England, "73–82 (1211084)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 January 2020
    Historic England, "83–102 (1356981)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 January 2020
    Historic England, "103–118 (1066851)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 19 January 2020
  5. Historic England, "k6 telephone kiosk outside flank elevation of 103 Eaton Square (1357185)", National Heritage List for England, retrieved 20 March 2018
  6. Western Mail (Cardiff, Wales), June 9, 1900
  7. https://ezitis.myzen.co.uk/countessofdundonald.html#:~:text=Lost_Hospitals_of_London&text=The%20Countess%20of%20Dundonald's%20Hospital,those%20who%20had%20given%20beds.
  8. Queenslander (Brisbane, QLD) - Feb 17 1917
  9. Gilbert, W. S.; Sullivan, Arthur (2001). Ian Bradley (ed.). The Complete Annotated Gilbert and Sullivan. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 36.
  10. Plaques, Open. "Robert Boothby blue plaque". openplaques.org.
  11. "1933...Diana left her husband, 'moving with a skeleton staff of nanny, cook, house-parlourmaid and lady's maid to a house at 2 Eaton Square, round the corner from Mosley's flat'..." – Hilary Spurling reviews Diana Mosley by Anne de Courcy, _The Telegraph, 17 Nov 2003 | https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3606612/Hitler-was-her-Uncle-Wolf.html
  12. "Eaton Mess for London's finest Square". Evening Standard. October 28, 2010.
  13. Who's Who, 1980 (Adam and Charles Black, London) p. 837
  14. Plaques, Open. "Neville Chamberlain blue plaque". openplaques.org.
  15. Mosley, Charles, editor. Burke's Peerage, Baronetage & Knightage, 107th edition, 3 volumes. Wilmington, Delaware, U.S.A.: Burke's Peerage (Genealogical Books) Ltd, 2003.
  16. Plaques, Open. "Klemens von Metternich blue plaque". openplaques.org.
  17. Plaques, Open. "Vivien Leigh blue plaque". openplaques.org.
  18. "Robertson, Thomas Campbell". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/23813. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  19. Plaques, Open. "George Peabody blue plaque". openplaques.org.
  20. "H.M. koningin Wilhelmina Helena Pauline Maria , koningin der Nederlanden, prinses van Oranje-Nassau (koningin Wilhelmina)". www.parlement.com.
  21. Plaques, Open. "Edward Wood blue plaque". openplaques.org.
  22. Plaques, Open. "Stanley Baldwin blue plaque". openplaques.org.
  23. "Sir John West". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/29089. Retrieved 8 March 2015. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  24. "Sir Henry Codrington". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/5797. Retrieved 1 February 2015. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  25. "Seymour, Sir George Francis". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. 2004. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/25170. Retrieved 21 February 2015. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  26. "Rich pickings for the hawk of Eaton Square". Evening Standard. April 2, 2012.
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