Duke of Gramont

The title of Duke of Gramont (duc de Gramont) is a French dukedom and former peerage. It was created in 1648 for French Marshal Antoine III de Gramont.

Dukedom of Gramont

Creation date1643 ; 1648
MonarchLouis XIII and Louis XIV (regency of Anne of Austria)
PeerageFrance
First holderAntoine II de Gramont-Touloujon, 1st Duke of Gramont
Present holderAntoine de Gramont, 15th Duke of Gramont
Heir apparentnone
Subsidiary titlesCount of Guiche
Prince of Bidache
Viscount of Aster[1]
Former seat(s)Château de Bidache

History

The house of Gramont was a Navarrese medieval noble house. They held land in Lower Navarra and in neighbouring Gascony, part of the kingdom of France. As their liege lords, the kings of Navarra, they played an active role in French politics. The last heiress of the house, Claire de Gramont (died in 1534) wed Menaut d'Aure and their son Antoine took the name Gramont rather than d'Aure.

Antoine de Gramont was a leading noblemen in south-west France during the Wars of Religion. At first, a Calvinist and lieutenant general to Queen Jeanne d'Albret, he switched sides to Catholicism and King Charles IX's service. He was created Count of Guiche in 1563. Antoine de Gramont was also the first Gramont to claim sovereignty over the Principality of Bidache. His grandson, also named Antoine de Gramont, viceroy of Navarra, was created Duke of Gramont in 1643.

Another famous member of the ducal house was Philibert de Gramont (1621–1707), younger son of the first Duke.

Counts of Guiche
  • 1563-1576 : Antoine Ist de Gramont (1526-1576)
  • 1576-1580 : Philibert de Gramont (1552-1580)
  • 1580-1643 : Antoine II de Gramont (1572-1644)

Duke of Gramont, 1st Creation
  • 1643-1644 : Antoine II de Gramont (1572–1644). The patent for the creation of the title was not registered in Parliament before his death, so his son had to petition for a new creation.

Dukes of Gramont, 2nd Creation
  • Antoine III coat of arms
  • Antoine VIII coat of arms
  • Philibert coat of arms

See also

References
  1. Daniel Coit Gilman; Harry Thurston Peck; Frank Moore Colby (1906). The New international encyclopaedia. 9. Dodd, Mead and company.
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