Dragon NaturallySpeaking

Dragon NaturallySpeaking (also known as Dragon for PC, or DNS)[1] is a speech recognition software package developed by Dragon Systems of Newton, Massachusetts, which was acquired first by Lernout & Hauspie Speech Products and later by Nuance Communications. It runs on Windows personal computers. Version 15 (Professional Individual and Legal Individual),[2] which supports 32-bit and 64-bit editions of Windows 7, 8 and 10, was released in August 2016.[3][4] The macOS version is called Dragon Professional Individual for Mac, version 6[5] or Dragon for Mac.

Dragon NaturallySpeaking
A sample dictation in Microsoft Word 2010.
Developer(s)Nuance Communications
Initial releaseJune 1997 (1997-06)
Stable release
15 / September 2016 (2016-09)
Operating systemMicrosoft Windows, macOS
Available in8 languages
TypeSpeech recognition
LicenseProprietary
Websitewww.nuance.com

Features

Dragon Naturally Speaking uses a minimal user interface. As an example, dictated words appear in a floating tooltip as they are spoken (though there is an option to suppress this display to increase speed), and when the speaker pauses, the program transcribes the words into the active window at the location of the cursor. (Dragon does not support dictating to background windows.) The software has three primary areas of functionality: voice recognition in dictation with speech transcribed as written text, recognition of spoken commands, and text-to-speech: speaking text content of a document. Voice profiles can be accessed by different computers in a networked environment, although the audio hardware and configuration must be identical to those of the machine generating the configuration. The Professional version allows creation of custom commands to control programs or functions not built into NaturallySpeaking.

History

Dr. James Baker laid out the description of a speech understanding system called DRAGON in 1975.[6] In 1982 he and Dr. Janet M. Baker, his wife, founded Dragon Systems to release products centered around their voice recognition prototype.[7] He was President of the company and she was CEO.

DragonDictate was first released for DOS, and utilized hidden Markov models, a probabilistic method for temporal pattern recognition. At the time, the hardware was not powerful enough to address the problem of word segmentation, and DragonDictate was unable to determine the boundaries of words during continuous speech input. Users were forced to enunciate one word at a time, clearly separated by a small pause after each word. DragonDictate was based on a trigram model, and is known as a discrete utterance speech recognition engine.[8]

Dragon Systems released NaturallySpeaking 1.0 as their first continuous dictation product in 1997.[9]

Joel Gould was the director of emerging technologies at Dragon Systems. Gould was the principal architect and lead engineer for the development of Dragon NaturallyOrganized (1.0), Dragon NaturallySpeaking Mobile Organizer (3.52), Dragon NaturallySpeaking (1.0 through 2.02), and DragonDictate for Windows (1.0). Gould also designed the tutorials in both DragonDictate for DOS version 2.0 and Dragon Talk.

The company was then purchased in June 2000 by Lernout & Hauspie, a Belgium-based corporation that was subsequently found to have been perpetrating financial fraud.[10] Following the all-share deal advised by Goldman Sachs, Lernout & Hauspie declared bankruptcy in November 2000. The deal was not originally supposed to be all stock and the unavailability of the Goldman Sachs team to advise concerning the change in terms was one of the grounds of the Bakers' subsequent lawsuit. The Bakers had received stock worth hundreds of millions of US dollars, but were only able to sell a few million dollars' worth before the stock lost all its value as a result of the accounting fraud. The Bakers sued Goldman Sachs for negligence, intentional misrepresentation and breach of fiduciary duty, which in January 2013 led to a 23-day trial in Boston. The jury cleared Goldman Sachs of all charges.[11] Following the bankruptcy of Lernout & Hauspie, the rights to the Dragon product line were acquired by ScanSoft of Burlington, Massachusetts, also a Goldman Sachs client. In 2005 ScanSoft launched a de facto acquisition of Nuance Communications, and rebranded itself as Nuance.[12]

As of 2012 LG Smart TVs include voice recognition feature powered by the same speech engine as Dragon NaturallySpeaking.[13]

Versions
Dragon Naturally Speaking Version Release date Editions Operating Systems Supported
1.0 April 1997 Personal Windows 95, NT 4.0.
2.0 November 1997 Standard, Preferred, Deluxe Windows 95, NT 4.0
3.0 October 1998 Point & Speak, Standard, Preferred, Professional (with optional Legal and Medical add-on products) Windows 95, 98, NT 4.0.
4.0 August 4, 1999 Essentials, Standard, Preferred, Professional, Legal, Medical, Mobile Windows 95, 98, NT 4.0 SP3+.
5.0 August 2000 Essentials, Standard, Preferred, Professional, Legal, Medical Windows 98, Me, NT 4.0 SP6+, 2000.
6.0 November 15, 2001 Essentials, Standard, Preferred, Professional, Legal, Medical
7.0 March 2003 Essentials, Standard, Preferred, Professional, Legal, Medical Windows 98SE, Me, NT4 SP6+, 2000, XP.
8.0 November 2004 Essentials, Standard, Preferred, Professional, Legal, Medical Windows Me (Only Standard and Preferred editions), Windows 2000 SP4+, Windows XP SP1+.
9.0 July 2006 Standard, Preferred, Professional, Legal, Medical, SDK client, SDK server, Windows 2000 SP4+, XP SP1+.
9.5 January 2007 Standard, Preferred, Professional, Legal, Medical, SDK client, SDK server Windows 2000 SP4+, XP SP1+, Vista (32-bit).
10.0 August 7, 2008 Essentials, Standard, Preferred, Professional, Legal, Medical Windows 2000 SP4+, XP SP2+ (32-bit), Vista (32-bit). Server 2003.
10.1 March 2009 Standard, Preferred, Professional, Legal, Medical Windows 2000 SP4+, XP SP2+ (32-bit), Vista (32-bit and 64-bit), Windows 7 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2003.
11.0 August 2010 Home, Premium, Professional, Legal Windows XP SP2+ (32-bit), Vista SP1+ (32-bit and 64-bit), 7 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2003, 2008.
11.0 2011 SDK client (DSC), SDK server (DSS) Windows XP SP2+ (32-bit only), Vista SP1+ (32-bit and 64-bit), Windows 7 (32-bit and 64-bit), Windows Server 2003 and 2008, SP1, SP2 and R2 (32-bit and 64-bit)
11.5 June 2011 Home, Premium, Professional, Legal Windows XP SP2+ (32-bit), Vista SP1+ (32-bit and 64-bit), 7 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2003, 2008.
11.0 August 2011 Medical (Dragon Medical Practice Edition) Windows XP SP2+ (32-bit), Vista SP1+ (32-bit and 64-bit), 7 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2003, 2008.
12.0 October 2012 Home, Premium, Professional, Legal Windows XP SP3+ (32-bit), Vista SP2+ (32-bit and 64-bit), 7 (32 and 64-bit), 8 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2008, Server 2008 R2, Server 2012.
12.5 February 2013 Home, Premium, Professional, Legal Windows XP SP3+ (32-bit), Vista SP2+ (32-bit and 64-bit), 7 (32 and 64-bit), 8 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2008, Server 2008 R2, Server 2012.
12 June 2013 Medical (Dragon Medical Practice Edition 2) Windows XP SP3+ (32-bit), Vista SP2+ (32-bit and 64-bit), 7 (32 and 64-bit), 8 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2008, Server 2008 R2, Server 2012.
13 August 2014 Home, Premium, Professional, and Legal. 7 (32 and 64-bit), 8.1 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2008, Server 2008 R2, Server 2012. Mac OS X 10.6+ (Intel Processor)
13 September 2015 Medical (UK, French, German) (Dragon Medical Practice Edition 3) 7 (32 and 64-bit), 8.1 (32 and 64-bit), 10 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2008, Server 2008 R2, Server 2012. Mac OS X 10.6+ (Intel Processor)
14 September 2015 Professional (individual, and Group) 7 (32 and 64-bit), 8.1 (32 and 64-bit), 10 (32 and 64-bit). Server 2008, Server 2008 R2, Server 2012. Mac OS X 10.6+ (Intel Processor). Server 2008, Server 2008 R2, Server 2012.
15 August 16, 2016 Dragon Professional Individual; Dragon Legal Individual; Dragon Professional Individual for Mac (version 6)
15 May 1, 2017 Dragon Professional Group (Languages: English US and German only)
15 January 22, 2018 Dragon Medical Practice Edition 4 (Languages: English US)

Dragon NaturallySpeaking 12 is available in the following languages: UK English, US English, French, German, Italian, Spanish, Dutch, and Japanese (aka "Dragon Speech 11" in Japan).

See also

Notes

    References
    1. Sarnataro, Valerie (2012-11-08). "Dragon NaturallySpeaking (DNS) 12 Review". technologyguide.com. Technology Guide. Retrieved 2013-07-25.
    2. "Nuance Announces Major New Releases of Dragon for Windows and Mac OS X". Retrieved 2016-08-22.
    3. "Nuance product support for Microsoft Windows Vista". Archived from the original on 2009-12-15. Retrieved 2009-12-15.
    4. "Nuance product support for Microsoft Windows 7". 2010. Retrieved 16 Aug 2010.
    5. "Nuance Announces Major New Releases of Dragon for Windows and Mac OS X". 2016. Retrieved 2016-08-22.
    6. Baker, James K. (1975). "The DRAGON System - An Overview". IEEE Transactions on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. 23 (1): 24–29. doi:10.1109/TASSP.1975.1162650.
    7. "History of Speech Recognition and Transcription Software". Retrieved 2013-07-12.
    8. "DragonDictate product information". Retrieved 2010-02-03.
    9. "Dragon NaturallySpeaking 1.0 released". Retrieved 2010-02-03.
    10. "Dragon Systems purchased by Lernout & Hauspie". New York Times. 2001-05-07. Retrieved 2010-02-03.
    11. "Goldman Is Cleared Over a Sale Gone Awry". New York Times. 2013-01-23. Retrieved 2013-01-23.
    12. "ScanSoft and Nuance to Merge". 2005-05-09. Archived from the original on 2010-05-28. Retrieved 2010-02-03.
    13. "Samsung and LG smart TVs share your voice data behind the fine print". ConsumerReports. 2015-02-09. Retrieved 2016-06-10.
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