Dog & Bull

The Dog & Bull is a public house in Croydon, England. It is a Grade II Listed, 18th-century building with a 19th-century frontage in Surrey Street, on the site of a previous 12th- or 13th-century inn called The Bell.

Dog & Bull
Its frontage in 2011
Former namesThe Bell
General information
Location24 Surrey Street
Coordinates51.37325°N 0.10160°W / 51.37325; -0.10160
Website
dogandbullcroydon.co.uk

The Dog & Bull was number 24 with an associated yard which was once used as an animal pound when the street was known as Butcher's Row. The pub is now a tied house and part of Young's brewery chain. In the 1990s, the adjacent grocery at number 25 was merged into the pub and the yard was converted into a beer garden.

The pub has hosted a variety of events including a formal inquest in the 19th century, regular live jazz music by Don Weller in the 20th century and a religious blessing of its beer in the 21st century.

History
Dog & Bull, 2014

The pub's name refers to the blood sport of bull-baiting,[1] and the Dog and Bull is "understood to be the oldest pub in Croydon".[2] The current Dog and Bull was built in the 18th century and is Grade II Listed.[3] There was previously a pub called The Bell on the site which was established in the 12th or 13th century when Surrey Street was built up and its street market established.[nb 1][3][4][5] Near the Dog and Bull, archaeologists have found a "medieval stone-vaulted undercroft", although it is not known whether this was the cellar of the Bell inn.[6]

The Dog and Bull is constructed of red brick with wooden eaves and sash windows. The inn frontage dates from the 19th century.[7]:42 The business now occupies two street numbers – 24 and 25 – as the adjacent grocery of A. E. Pearce, which specialised in bacon and cheese, was merged into the premises in the early 1990s.[4][8]

This public house had an associated yard – the "Dog & Bull Yard". It had a well and watering troughs and was used as a pound for stray animals and cattle when Surrey Street was known as "Butcher's Row".[4] The area is now used as a beer garden following renovations in the early 1990s.[7]:20[8] The pub also features a real fireplace, along with stained glass windows depicting the titular dog and bull.[9]

The Dog and Bull is now a tied house in Young's brewery chain. Its two regular draught beers are thus Young's Bitter and Young's Special. It also has two guest ales on tap.[10][11]

Past events

In the early 18th century, landlord Nicholas Northorpe of the Bell or the Dog and Bull was sentenced to death for felony.[1] In 1820, the Surrey Coroner, Charles Jemmett, held an inquest at the Dog and Bull. A 9-year-old girl had burnt to death near Butcher's Row and the jury returned a verdict of accidental death.[12]

One of the earlier landlords of the Dog & Bull was George Eliff, who died on 1 October 1847.[13][14] He hosted the anniversary of the Loyal Victoria Odd Fellows' lodge at the Dog & Bull on 26 September 1846.[15] In 1849 there was a robbery in the Dog & Bull yard. Richard Garland was committed to trial for snatching a handkerchief containing 1s 6d (equivalent to £7.84 in 2019) from the hand of Mary Vickers.[16][17]

In 1866 Elijah and Eliza King, the landlord and landlady of the Dog and Bull, were witnesses in a horse-stealing case. Alfred and Charles Brazier, and George Roberts, were charged with "feloniously receiving stolen horses". The "persevering and indefatigable" Superintendent Young had travelled between Buckinghamshire and Croydon with the victim of the theft, and retrieved the animals. The court was presented with an involved story featuring dishonest deals and forged receipts; Elijah and Eliza King were the innocent victims of one of those horse-sales.[18]

The Kings were landlords of the Dog and Bull for some years. In 1869 the licensee was Clara Jane King.[19] A later landlord of the inn was Arthur King. In 1898 he found a "powerful jemmy about a foot and a half long" (0.46 metres) in a wagonette which had been placed in his safekeeping by police. George Barney, Arthur Wilkinson and Walter Parker had been spotted trying to force a gate lock at the Railway Hotel. With Barney as the getaway driver they had tried to escape in the wagonette, and "amid an exciting scene" the miscreants were captured.[20][nb 2]

Recent events

In 1994 the licensees were Ann and Frank Egan.[8] By 2018 it was Daniel Chapman.[21] In July 2020 the Dog and Bull took part in the British government scheme Eat Out to Help Out.[22] As of 2021 the licensees are Lesley and Mark Knight.[23]

Music and festivals

The jazz saxophonist Don Weller led his band Major Surgery in weekly performances at the Dog and Bull for six years in the 1970s.[24] Producer Malcolm Mills described the scene then.[25]

It’s a typical smoke-filled, rowdy, market boozer, jammed tight with traders, art students, jazzers, drop-outs, drunks and hustlers. There’s a record player behind the bar and astonishingly, the album is "The Inner Mounting Flame". By popular demand, the guv’nor – Norman – regularly allows the miniscule space next to the stinking Gents toilet to be given up one night a week to Major Surgery. Squashed at the back with the open window behind him is Tony Marsh with his crazy assortment of old drums and cymbals. Sitting next to him on his right is bass player Bruce Collcutt with guitarist Jimmy Roche standing on his left. In front of them all is the barrel-chested, bearded, Tenor Titan, Don Weller and they are collectively raising the roof with their trademark racket. There is not an inch of space. Ale is swilled, fags are smoked and the jug is passed round for the guys. It’s very, very special and we’re all diggin’ it like mad...

Around 2010, the landlady of the Dog and Bull organised an annual street festival. In 2016, the vicar of Croydon Minster, Father Lee Taylor led a procession to the pub to bless its beer.[26]

Surrey Street is often used a filming location and so the Dog & Bull appeared several times in the long-running TV show, The Bill, which was ostensibly set in the East End.[27]

Accolades and reviews

Pevsner describes the red brick frontage of the Dog and Bull as "especially handsome".[28]:221 In 1994, it was CAMRA's London Pub of the Year and again, in 2016, it was CAMRA's Croydon & Sutton Pub of the Year.[8][29] In 2018, The Londonist stated the establishment is a successful mix of a 'proper pub' and 'trendy bar', with a "real local vibe".[9]

Notable guests

Prince Charles visited the Dog and Bull in 1994 when he came to Croydon to meet the stall-holders at Surrey Street Market.[1]

Notes
  1. Some sources, e.g. this one suggest a correlation between the 1276 royal grant for the Surrey Street market and the original establishment the Dog and Bull's precursor, the Bell inn. However the Victoria County History suggests that there were originally markets across the town, and that there were pre-existing inns in Croydon in 1276.
  2. The Railway Hotel was a public house. See Railway Hotel, 130 George Street, Croydon, Surrey

References
  1. "Croydon's watering holes: the Dog and Bull". Leisurely Croydon, via Yumpu: 11. 2013. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  2. Morris, Deborah (24 February 2018). "14 fabulous pubs in and around Croydon which are seriously old". Croydon Advertiser. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  3. The Dog and Bull public house, Historic England, 29 January 1951
  4. Deborah Morris (24 February 2018), "Dog and Bull, Surrey Street, Croydon", Croydon Advertiser
  5. "Dog & Bull, Croydon". Layers of London. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  6. "Notes and news — August 2001". glias.org.uk. Greater London Industrial Archaeology Society. 2001. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  7. Central Croydon Conservation Area Appraisal and Management Plan (PDF), Spatial Planning Service, Croydon Council, 2014
  8. Paul Everitt (February 1994), "London Pub of the Year" (PDF), London Drinker, 16 (1): 1, 21
  9. Dog & Bull, The Londonist, August 2018
  10. "Dog & Bull", Good Beer Guide, CAMRA, 2018, p. 925, ISBN 9781852493561
  11. "Pubspy: The Dog and Bull in Croydon". Sutton & Croydon Guardian. 21 May 2010. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  12. "An inquest was held on Monday morning", The Times, London (10826), p. 3, 12 January 1820
  13. "Deaths". South Eastern Gazette. British Newspaper Archive. 5 October 1847. p. 8 col.4. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  14. Deaths Mar 1848 ELIFF George Wandsworth 4 535
  15. "Independent Order of Odd-fellows". South Eastern Gazette. British Newspaper Archive. 1 September 1846. p. 6 col.1. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  16. UK Retail Price Index inflation figures are based on data from Clark, Gregory (2017). "The Annual RPI and Average Earnings for Britain, 1209 to Present (New Series)". MeasuringWorth. Retrieved 2 February 2020.
  17. "Petty sessions, Monday". South Eastern Gazette. British Newspaper Archive. 30 January 1849. p. 6 col.1. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  18. "Woburn petty sessions, May 4th". Croydon's Weekly Standard. British Newspaper Archive. 12 May 1866. p. 4 col.3. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  19. The Commercial and General Directory of the town and parish of Croydon (7 ed.). Croydon, Surrey: F. Warren. 1869. p. 60. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  20. "Audacious attempted robbery". Totnes Weekly Times. British Newspaper Archive. 9 April 1898. p. 6 col.6. Retrieved 3 February 2021.
  21. Morris, Deborah (16 August 2018). "29 amazing 'hidden' pubs around Croydon you might not even realise exist". mylondon.news. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  22. Charsley, Monica (28 July 2020). "Eat Out to Help Out: South London restaurants offering discount". Sutton & Croydon Guardian. Newsquest Media Group. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  23. Knight, Lesley and Mark. "Dog and Bull: Contact Us". dogandbullcroydon.co.uk. The Ram Pub Company. Retrieved 4 February 2021.
  24. "Don Weller - Obituary". The Guardian. 9 June 2020.
  25. Malcolm Mills, Don Weller's Major Surgery, The Last Music Company
  26. Nikkie Sutton (31 July 2016), "Vicar to perform "beer blessing" at pub", The Morning Advertiser
  27. Sarah Milne (9 November 2013), "Secrets of Surrey Street Market: Come and meet the TV crews", Sutton & Croydon Guardian
  28. Bridget Cherry; Nikolaus Pevsner (2002), "The Old Croydon", London, 2 South, Yale University Press, ISBN 9780300096514
  29. Croydon & Sutton Pub of the Year 2016, The Campaign for Real Ale, 26 May 2016

Further research
  • Lovett, Vivien (15 September 1995). Surrey Street, Croydon, a stall story, 100 years of market trading (1 ed.). Frosted Earth. ISBN 978-0951671054.

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