District administration in Nepal

District administration makes up the third level of government division in Nepal. The provision for a District Assembly, which acts as the legislature at the district-level, is mentioned in Part 17 of the Constitution of Nepal.[1] The 77 districts of Nepal each have their own district assemblies which in turn elect their own District Coordination Committees, which serves as the executive at the district-level. In addition to this each district also has a District Administration Office which oversees the general administration of each district.

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District Administration Office

The District Administration Office (Nepali: जिल्ला प्रशासन कार्यालय) is a general administration of government in each district of Nepal. The government of Nepal appoints a Chief District Officer in each district to function as a Chief Administration Officer.

The Local Administration Act, 2028 (1971) was implemented to conduct local administration in accordance with the decentralized administration system to effectively operate peace and order. Section 5 of the Local Administration Act was constituted to be a district administration office in every district to conduct general administration of the district.[2][3] The DAO in each district of Nepal works under Ministry of Home Affairs.[4] The main function of the DAO is to maintain peace, order and security in the district and provide assistance in development activities run by the federal government, provincial government, District Coordination Committee, urban municipality and rural municipality. [5]

Chief District Officer

The Chief District Officer (Nepali: प्रमुख जिल्ला अधिकृत, abbreviation: C.D.O.) is an administrative rank under Ministry of Home Affairs in Nepal who is appointed by the government as the senior-most executive magistrate and chief in-charge of general administration of a district . The main guideline to C.D.O. for his/her administration is the Local Administration Act, 1972. The C.D.O. is responsible for proper inspection of all the departments in a district such as health, education, security and all other government offices. In case of threatened public security conditions like riots, she/he can mobilize security forces and take other actions like imposing curfew order, fixing restricted area, arresting anyone according to law, hearing some cases as a quasi-judicial body. Distributing the Certificate of Nepalese Citizenship, processing and recommendation for passports, maintaining peace and security, law and order, acting as a representative of government, enjoying the authorities provided by more than 90 prevailing acts make a Chief District Officer powerful. The C.D.O. is the most powerful position in Nepalese administrative service. Likewise, Assistant Chief District Officers enjoys almost all the authorities as delegated by C.D.O. and other laws.

District Assembly

The District Assembly (Nepali: जिल्ला सभा) is composed of chairpersons and vice-chairpersons of each rural municipality and mayors and deputy mayors of each municipality within a district.[6][7][8][9] The District Assembly coordinates between all municipalities and rural municipalities within the district. It elects a nine-member District Coordination Committee including a chief and deputy chief and at least three women and one member from the Dalit or minority communities for a five-year term. Any member within the village or municipal assembly in local levels within the district are eligible to be elected to the District Coordination Committee and if elected their status as a local representative will lapse.

District Coordination Committee

The District Coordination Committee (Nepali: जिल्ला समन्वय समिति, abbreviation: DCC) was formed on March 14, 2017 to replace the existing district development committee.[10][11] Each of the 77 districts in Nepal have their own district coordination committees in.[12]

The Head of a district development committee is elected by the district assembly. The government also appoints a Local Development Officer in each district development committee who heads the DCC in absence of an elected head or deputy head.[13]

The DCC acts as an executive to the district Assembly. The DCC coordinates with the Provincial Assembly to establish coordination between the Provincial Assembly and rural municipalities and municipalities and to settle disputes, if any, of political nature. It also maintains coordination between the provincial and Federal government and among the local bodies in the district. It also monitors development within the district.[1][14]

List of district coordination committees with their heads

SN District Nepali Chief District Officer Chief District Assembly control DCC Website DAO Website
1 Taplejung ताप्लेजुंग Mohan Bahadur GC Ghanendra Maden Nepal Communist Party
2 Panchthar पाँचथर Prince Singh Bishnu Prasad Sapkota Nepal Communist Party
3 Ilam इलाम Ganesh Prasad Baral Nepal Communist Party
4 Jhapa झापा Shrawan Kumar Timalsina Somnath Bishwokarma Nepal Communist Party
5 Morang मोरङ Shri Ram Prasad Acharya Naresh Prasad Pokharel No overall control
6 Sunsari सुनसरी Gopal Prashad Parajuli Gopal Rajbhandari Nepali Congress
7 Dhankuta धनकुटा Prem Prakash Upreti Tanka Bahadur Chuwan Nepal Communist Party
8 Tehrathum तेर्हथुम Shiva Prasad Dhungana Nepal Communist Party
9 Sankhuwasabha संखुवासभा Shivaraj Joshi Suman Shakya Nepal Communist Party
10 Bhojpur भोजपुर Phanindra Dahal Laxman Khadka Nepal Communist Party
11 Solukhumbu सोलुखुम्बु Shri Sunil Khanal Bir Kumar Rai Nepal Communist Party
12 Okhaldhunga ओखलढुङ्गा Janakraj Panta Jay Bahadur Shrestha Nepali Congress
13 Khotang खोटाङ Ekdeva Adhikari Babi Chamling Rai Nepal Communist Party
14 Udayapur उदयपुर Bishnu Kumar Karki Khadga Bahadur Pariyar Nepal Communist Party
15 Saptari सप्तरी Rudraprasad Pandit Prabhakar Yadav People's Socialist Party, Nepal
16 Siraha सिरहा Bhagirath Pandey Ram Chandra Thakur Nepal Communist Party
17 Dhanusa धनुषा Dilip Kumar Chapagai Ram Dev Banrait Yadav People's Socialist Party, Nepal
18 Mahottari महोत्तरी Baburam Shrestha Suresh Prasad Singh People's Socialist Party, Nepal
19 Sarlahi सर्लाही Krishna Bahadur Katuwal Methur Chaudhary People's Socialist Party, Nepal
20 Sindhuli सिन्धुली Janakraj Dahal Shankar Raj Tiwari (Verma) Nepal Communist Party
21 Ramechhap रामेछाप Dilip Prasad Lamichane Prem Bahadur Khadka Nepal Communist Party
22 Dolakha दोलखा Laxman Bikram Thapa Dabal Pandey Nepal Communist Party
23 Sindhupalchowk सिन्धुपाल्चोक Gopal Tamang Nepal Communist Party
24 Kavrepalanchowk काभ्रेपलाञ्चोक Shiv Prasad Shimkhada Uddhav K.C. Nepal Communist Party
25 Lalitpur ललितपुर Mahadeb Pantha Ambar Bahadur Khadka Nepali Congress
26 Bhaktapur भक्तपुर HumKala Pandey Nawaraj Gelal Nepal Communist Party
27 Kathmandu काठमाडौं Kedarnath Sharma Shiva Sundar Rajvaidya Nepal Communist Party
28 Nuwakot नुवाकोट Birendra Kumar Yadav Santa Man Tamang Nepali Congress
29 Rasuwa रसुवा Choumendra Nyopane Kul Prasad Bhattarai Nepal Communist Party
30 Dhading धादिङ Shyam Prasad Bhandari Jagannath Nepal Nepal Communist Party
31 Makwanpur मकवानपुर Chakra Bahadur Budha Raghunath Khulal Nepal Communist Party
32 Rautahat रौतहट Basu Dev Ghimire Ram Ekwal Rae Yadav Nepali Congress
33 Bara बारा Vijay Narayan Manandhar Nawal Kishor Singh Rajput People's Socialist Party, Nepal
34 Parsa पर्सा Vinod Prakash Singh Nek Mohammad Ansari Nepal Communist Party
35 Chitwan चितवन Narayan Prasad Bhatt Krishna Kumar Dallakoti Nepal Communist Party
36 Gorkha गोरखा Shri Jitendra Basnet Ashok Kumar Gurung Nepali Congress
37 Lamjung लमजुङ Yuvaraj Mainali Lok Raj Pandey Nepal Communist Party
38 Tanahun तनहुँ Bharat Kumar Sharma Shanti Raman Wagle Nepali Congress
39 Syangja स्याङ्जा Shri Mahesh Aacharya Sita Kumari Sundas Nepal Communist Party
40 Kaski कास्की Taranath Adhikari Baina Bahadur Chhetri (Adhikari) Nepal Communist Party
41 Manang मनाङ Hariprasad Panta Yagya Prasad Ghale Nepali Congress
42 Mustang मुस्ताङ Ramchandra Tiwari Chhiring Lhamu Gurung No overall control
43 Myagdi म्याग्दी Krishnaprasad Adhikari Devendra Bahadur Katuwal Chhetri No overall control
44 Parbat पर्वत Rajesh Panthi Manohar Bishwokarma (Paudel) Nepal Communist Party
45 Baglung बागलुङ Rajendra Dhungana Nepal Communist Party
46 Gulmi गुल्मी Shri Gopal Prasad Aryal Laxman Parajuli Nepal Communist Party
47 Palpa पाल्पा Bishnu Prasad Dhakal Daya Raj Basyal Nepal Communist Party
48 Nawalpur नवलपुर Udaya Bahadur Rana Magar Ches Ram Ale Magar Nepali Congress
49 Parasi परासी Shiva Shankar Prasad Rae Nepali Congress
50 Rupandehi रुपन्देही Hariprasad Mainali Ek Raj B.K. Nepal Communist Party
51 Kapilvastu कपिलवस्तु Madan Bhujel Narayan Prasad Khanal Nepali Congress
52 Arghakhanchi अर्घाखाँची BijayRaj Paudel Pitambar Sharma Nepali Congress
53 Pyuthan प्युठान Dr. Krishna Bahadur Ghimire Keshav Raj Acharya No overall control
54 Rolpa रोल्पा Ganj Bahadur MC Raj Bahadur Budha Nepal Communist Party
55 Eastern Rukum पूर्वी रुकुम Bhupendra Sapkota Gajendra Bahadur Oli Nepal Communist Party
56 Western Rukum पश्चिमी रुकुम Banshi Kumar Aacharya Raj Kumar Sharma Nepal Communist Party
57 Salyan सल्यान Paramananda Ghimire Kesh Bahadur Bista Nepal Communist Party
58 Dang दाङ Shri Gajendra Bahadur Shrestha Jitendra Man Nepali Nepal Communist Party
59 Banke बाँके Ramesh Kumar KC Ajay Kumar Shreewastav No overall control
60 Bardiya बर्दिया Shri PremLal Lamichhane Shankar Prasad Tharu Nepal Communist Party
61 Surkhet सुर्खेत Sitaram Karki Chhawi Lal Sigdel Nepali Congress
62 Dailekh दैलेख Shri Bishwaraj Nyoupane Prem Bahadur Thapa Nepal Communist Party
63 Jajarkot जाजरकोट Pushparaj Shahi Man Bahadur Rawal Nepali Congress
64 Dolpa डोल्पा Bhupendra Thapa Sher Bahadur Budha Nepal Communist Party
65 Jumla जुम्ला Bishnu Paudel Lal Bahadur Sarki Nepal Communist Party
66 Kalikot कालिकोट Chandranath Gautam Anipal Shahi Nepal Communist Party
67 Mugu मुगु Shri Umakanta Adhikari Purna Bahadur Rokaya Nepal Communist Party
68 Humla हुम्ला Madhab Prasad Dhungana Dan Bahadur Rawat Nepal Communist Party
69 Bajura बाजुरा Luk Bahadur Chetri Narendra Kumar Rokaya Nepali Congress
70 Bajhang बझाङ Prem Singh Kunwar Khadak Bahadur Khadka Nepal Communist Party
71 Achham अछाम Kishor Kumar Chaudhari Nar Bahadur Kunwar Nepali Congress
72 Doti डोटी Surya Bahadur Khatri Ram Bahadur Airee Nepal Communist Party
73 Kailali कैलाली Gobind Prasad Rijal Surya Bahadur Thapa Nepal Communist Party
74 Kanchanpur कञ्चनपुर Kumar Bahadur Khadka Fairu Tamang Nepal Communist Party
75 Dadeldhura डडेल्धुरा Janakraj Bhatt Ganesh Raj Bhatta Nepali Congress
76 Baitadi बैतडी Siddha Raj Joshi Siddha Raj Bhatta Nepali Congress
77 Darchula दार्चुला Janardan Gautam Karbir Singh Karki Nepali Congress

See also

References
  1. "Part-17 Local Executive – Nepal Law Commission". Retrieved 2020-12-10.
  2. "Local Administration Act" (PDF). www.nepalpolicynet.com. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  3. "जिल्ला प्रशासन कार्यालय, काठमाण्डौ". www.daokathmandu.moha.gov.np. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  4. "गृह मन्त्रालय अन्तर्गतका कार्यालयहरुको विस्तृत जानकारी". www.moha.gov.np. Ministry of Home Affairs. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  5. "Local Administration Act" (PDF). www.nepalpolicynet.com. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  6. "Factsheet on Electoral Provisions in Nepal's New Constitution" (PDF). www.ifes.com. International Foundation for Electoral Systems. 18 February 2016. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  7. "Constitution of Nepal 2015" (PDF). www.constituteproject.org. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  8. "Confusion surrounds coordination committee formation in split districts". www.kathmandupost.ekantipur.com. Kantipur Media Group. 11 June 2017. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  9. "District discourse: DCCs' role in changed context". www.thehimalanyatimes.com. The Himalayan Times. 25 January 2018. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  10. "New local bodies operational in Province 1". thehimalayantimes.com. March 16, 2017. Retrieved 2017-07-07.
  11. Rastriya Samachar Samiti (March 29, 2017). "Jumla locals pleased with new local set up". thehimalayantimes.com. Retrieved 2017-07-07.
  12. "Official websites of District Coordination Committees | Ministry of Federal Affairs and Local Development". mofald.gov.np. Retrieved 2017-07-07.
  13. Samata, Sapkota. "जिविसहरुको सम्पर्क विवरण | सङ्घीय मामिला तथा स्थानीय विकास मन्त्रालय". mofald.gov.np (in Nepali). Retrieved 2017-07-07.
  14. "Constitute". www.constituteproject.org. Retrieved 2017-07-07.
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