Delta-cadinene synthase
In enzymology, a (+)-delta-cadinene synthase (EC 4.2.3.13) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction
- 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate (+)-delta-cadinene + diphosphate
| (+)-delta-cadinene synthase | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| EC number | 4.2.3.13 | ||||||||
| CAS number | 166800-09-5 | ||||||||
| Databases | |||||||||
| IntEnz | IntEnz view | ||||||||
| BRENDA | BRENDA entry | ||||||||
| ExPASy | NiceZyme view | ||||||||
| KEGG | KEGG entry | ||||||||
| MetaCyc | metabolic pathway | ||||||||
| PRIAM | profile | ||||||||
| PDB structures | RCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum | ||||||||
| Gene Ontology | AmiGO / QuickGO | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Hence, this enzyme has one substrate, 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl diphosphate, and two products, (+)-delta-cadinene and diphosphate.
This enzyme belongs to the family of lyases, specifically those carbon-oxygen lyases acting on phosphates. The systematic name of this enzyme class is 2-trans,6-trans-farnesyl-diphosphate diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing, (+)-delta-cadinene-forming). This enzyme participates in terpenoid biosynthesis. It employs one cofactor, magnesium.
Delta-cadinene synthase, a sesquiterpene cyclase, is an enzyme expressed in plants that catalyzes a cyclization reaction in terpenoid biosynthesis. The enzyme cyclizes farnesyl diphosphate to delta-cadinene and releases pyrophosphate.
Delta-cadinene synthase is one of the key steps in the synthesis of gossypol, a toxic terpenoid produced in cotton seeds. Recently, cotton plants that stably underexpress the enzyme in seeds have been developed using RNA interference techniques, producing a plant that had been proposed as a rich source of dietary protein for developing countries.[1]
External links
References
- Sunilkumar G, Campbell L, Puckhaber L, Stipanovic R, Rathore K (2006). "Engineering cottonseed for use in human nutrition by tissue-specific reduction of toxic gossypol". Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 103 (48): 18054–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.0605389103. PMC 1838705. PMID 17110445.
- Chen XY, Chen Y, Heinstein P, Davisson VJ (1995). "Cloning, expression, and characterization of (+)-delta-cadinene synthase: a catalyst for cotton phytoalexin biosynthesis". Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 324 (2): 255–66. doi:10.1006/abbi.1995.0038. PMID 8554317.
- Davis EM, Tsuji J, Davis GD, Pierce ML, Essenberg M (1996). "Purification of (+)-delta-cadinene synthase, a sesquiterpene cyclase from bacteria-inoculated cotton foliar tissue". Phytochemistry. 41 (4): 1047–55. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00771-7. PMID 8728715.
- Davis GD, Essenberg M (1995). "(+)-delta-Cadinene is a product of sesquiterpene cyclase activity in cotton". Phytochemistry. 39 (3): 553–567. doi:10.1016/0031-9422(95)00067-H.