David "Big Dave" DeJernett

David "Big Dave" DeJernett (February 22, 1912 – August 4, 1964) was a pioneer of integration in early basketball in the United States. He is best known for leading the integrated Washington Hatchets to the Indiana state title as a high school junior in the 1929–30 season.

DeJernett palming a basketball

Early life and education

Born in Garfield, Kentucky, on February 22, 1912, DeJernett moved to Indiana as a baby, when his father John DeJernett was recruited to repair extensive flood damage on the B&O track line running from Cincinnati to St Louis.[1] DeJernett attended segregated DunBar Elementary in Washington, Indiana, before entering the public junior high school. The year DeJernett entered seventh grade the school hired young Burl Friddle, a Franklin Wonder Fiver, to become the Hatchets' new coach. Friddle's MidWest coaching career would eventually produce two state champions, an NIT finalist, and a head coaching job with the Indianapolis Jets of the NBA.[2]

High school career

In 1928 Friddle was impressed by the size and talent of the 6-foot-3, 230-lb DeJernett and put him on the varsity squad. The sixteen-year-old DeJernett posed for studio shots as a team newcomer by flashily palming the basketball, something rarely seen from teens or even pros [3] of that early era. As a sophomore DeJernett steadily improved over the course of the season, and after his Hatchets lost in the 1929 state finals he was named to the All-State team.[4]

State final

In 1930 DeJernett became the first African-American in US history to lead an integrated basketball team to a major tournament championship,[5] as his Hatchets won an 800-school competition by beating the Muncie Central Bearcats 32–21 in the state Final in front of 15,000 screaming fans in Butler Fieldhouse, at the time the largest basketball venue in the USA. Muncie was also led by a black player, Jack Mann, who stood 6-foot-6 but could not outjump DeJernett. DeJernett controlled the center jumps against Mann which contributed largely to the victory.[6] His feat made the nation's newspapers from New York to Nevada—as far away as China DeJernett's picture appeared in Tientsin's North China Star.[7]

National championship

Upon winning the state title Friddle accepted a challenge from Coach Jimmy Kitts of the Athens, Texas, Hornets who had won back-to-back National Tournaments in Chicago sponsored by the legendary Amos Alonzo Stagg.[8] The racial atmosphere was tense in those days. Stagg's tournament only accepted white teams that were either champions or runners-up in their state. Indiana never sent its champions to this 'national' competition.[9] Between the game in which DeJernett's team won the state title and the Athens challenge the infamous Marion lynchings shamed Indiana. The Texans had likely never faced a black opponent on the hardwood prior to meeting DeJernett.[10] DeJernett tied the Hornets' hook-shot-specializing Center Freddie Tompkins for game honors with 11 points as his Hatchets won the "world" title with a thrilling 28–26 victory.[11]

Death threats, The Klan

The next spring, in 1931 DeJernett's Hatchets were favored to win a second crown, against understandably fierce opposition. The day before an important regional match against traditional rival Vincennes DeJernett received a letter signed by the "Committee of Fourteen, KKK" that threatened his life if he "so much as touched" a rival white player in Vincennes,[12] ominously making reference to the Marion tragedy of some months previous.[13] Nonetheless "Big Dave" shrugged off the threat and poured in 14 points to lead his team to a 22–19 victory over Vincennes. The local newspaper joked that "too bad the Committee didn't have forty members"—as DeJernett had succeeded in scoring a point for each cowardly racist behind the letter.[14]

As a further rebuff to the Klan, two weeks later Knute Rockne and Griz Wagner were featured speakers[15] at a banquet of unity honoring both the champion Hatchets and 1931 Catholic Boys' State Champion Washington Catholic Cardinals.[16] After his speech closed the banquet Rockne shook hands with each of the championship fives, but DeJernet, suspecting that Rockne might not want to shake hands with a black man, passed on by. Rockne ostentatiously grabbed Big Dave by the hand[17] and shook to cap off the evening as well as his heroic career, as within two days he would die in a plane crash.[18]

College career

DeJernett made All-State for the third consecutive year,[19] but his Hatchets lost in the state finals to Mann's Muncie squad, which went on to claim the title.[20] After back-to-back season-ending showdowns DeJernett and Mann were later recalled as having been "Gold Dust Twins thrusting and parrying like two skillful fencers,"[21] their pivot duels foreshadowing future celebrated center rivalries such as Chamberlain/Russell. From 1931 to 1935 DeJernett played for the integrated Indiana Central College team, now known as the University of Indianapolis Greyhounds, in the process adding to his cage celebrity by becoming Indiana's first black college basketball star. The 1934 Greyhounds went 16–1 and posted the state's top collegiate record.[22] In DeJernett's final college season he captained the team and Ray Crowe joined the Greyhounds. Crowe considered DeJernett the hero of his youth. Crowe went on to coach Oscar Robertson and the Crispus Attucks team in Indianapolis. DeJernett's example extended to Ray Crowe's brother George, Indiana's first Mr. Basketball, and Robertson's brother Bailey both subsequently attending and starring for Indiana Central.[23]

Professional career

Preferring to stay in school, DeJernett shunned offers to turn pro for the powerful New York Renaissance club in 1933.[24] Given his career experience up to that point, he not surprisingly made his professional debut in 1935 for one of the first integrated barnstorming basketball teams in US history, the ICC AllStars which featured DeJernett's former coach Friddle (who had played professionally before returning to college) and a number of DeJernett's college and high school teammates.[25] DeJernett conscientiously returned to school for a ninth semester before opting to sign with the Renaissance in January 1936.[26] Big Dave joined fellow Indiana natives Roy Burris (Akron Firestones), Charles "Stretch" Murphy (Firestones), and John Wooden (Indianapolis Kautskys) amongst the earliest celebrated four-year collegiate stars to turn pro with a top-level professional club. Before DeJernett no African-American collegiate star had stayed in school for the now-traditional four years of college ball in advance of signing with a club of the calibre of the Rens. Examples like DeJernett's of staying in school rather than turning pro early eventually became the accepted practice for Afro-American collegians until the Spencer Haywood and Moses Malone "hardship"/highschool cases emerged in the American Basketball Association of the 1970s.

After a season with the Rens DeJernett played from 1936 to 1941 for the Chicago Crusaders, an all-black barnstorming club whose history was closely related to the then-lesser-known Harlem Globetrotters. He also played for the Chicago Collegians during 1939–40.[27] In the 1940–41 season the Crusaders (billed as the Savoy Big Five) entered into a player-exchange agreement with the Globetrotters.[28] It is stated on DeJernett's Hall of Fame plaque at the University of Indianapolis that he played for the Globetrotters in addition to the Crusaders and Rens, as marks of his professional stature. The Crusaders/Savoys for whom DeJernett played were also known as the Palmer House Indians for a season, during which they played home games at then-brand-new DuSable High School.[29]

World War II and later life

Drafted into World War II in the summer of 1942, DeJernett served as a Sergeant in the North African, Southern France, Rhineland, and Central European theaters, winning a bronze battle star for each of the four campaigns. He returned to the United States in August 1945 and lived in Indianapolis, retired from playing basketball, until dying suddenly of a heart attack on August 4, 1964. His obituary read that "David R DeJernett, 52, was almost forgotten after one of the most brilliant careers in Indiana basketball."[30] He was inducted into the Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame in 1976.[31] Heavyweight boxing champ Joe Louis, who had managed professional basketball teams of his own that played in Chicago against DeJernett's Crusaders [32] and other top teams, said that Big Dave was one of the most outstanding basketball stars he had ever seen in action.[33]

References
  1. Hoose, Phillip (1986). Hoosiers: The Fabulous Basketball Life of Indiana. Vintage. ISBN 0-394-74778-X.
  2. "Burl Friddle NBA and ABA Basketball Coaching Record". basketball-reference.com. Retrieved November 7, 2010.
  3. Nelson, Murry (1999). The Originals: The New York Celtics Invent Modern Basketball. Bowling Green State University Popular Press. ISBN 0-87972-793-4.
  4. "The Star's All-State". Daily Tribune. Kokomo, Indiana. March 18, 1929.
  5. Gould, Todd (1998). Pioneers of the Hardwood. Indiana University Press. ISBN 0-253-21199-9.
  6. Bill Richardson, Bob Padgett (1997). Hatchets. Prep Sports Publishing.
  7. "For Hoosier Championship". North China Star. Tientsin, China. May 5, 1930.
  8. "BB Champs May Play Game Here". Daily Democrat. Washington, Indiana. April 7, 1930.
  9. "Hatchets Get Invitation to National Tourney". The Washington Herald. Washington, Indiana. March 20, 1930.
  10. Hendry, Ron (2006). Athens' Day in the Sun. Hendry Publishing. ISBN 0-9774350-0-8.
  11. "Washington, Ind., Beats Athens, Texas, U.S. Champs". Logansport Press. Logansport, Indiana. December 23, 1930.
  12. "Negro Basketball Star Threatened In Letter". Vidette-Messenger. Valparaiso, Indiana. United Press. March 14, 1931.
  13. "Bleacher Breezes". Washington Herald. Washington, Indiana. March 14, 1930.
  14. "Fourteen!". Washington Herald. Washington, Indiana. March 16, 1931.
  15. "All Ducats For Dinner Are Bought". Washington Herald. Washington, Indiana. March 18, 1931.
  16. "St Simons Wins Catholic Tourney". Vincennes Sun-Commercial. Vincennes, Indiana. March 2, 1931.
  17. "Speculating In Sports". Hammond Times. Hammond, Indiana. United Press. March 30, 1934.
  18. "Knute Rockne Killed As Plane Falls In Flames". Decatur Daily Review. Decatur, Illinois. Associated Press. March 31, 1931.
  19. "Name Honor Teams for 1931 State Meet". Vidette-Messenger. Valparaiso, Indiana. March 23, 1931.
  20. "Indiana State Title Won By Muncie Cagers". Decatur Herald. Decatur, Illinois. March 22, 1931.
  21. "Speculating In Sports". Hammond Times. Hammond, Indiana. March 14, 1934.
  22. "Indiana Still Nation's BasketBall Center". Vidette-Messenger. Valparaiso, Indiana. March 7, 1934.
  23. "Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame » Bailey Robertson". hoopshall.com. Archived from the original on November 26, 2010. Retrieved April 10, 2010.
  24. "Saints Meet Ex-College Stars in Last Season Game". Tell City News. Tell City, Indiana. March 2, 1935.
  25. "St Paul Quintette Closes Schedule With Setback". Tell City News. Tell City, Indiana. March 3, 1935.
  26. "Rens To Show Off New Plays With DeJernett". Indianapolis Recorder. Indianapolis, Indiana. February 22, 1936.
  27. Gary American. Gary, Indiana. December 1, 1939. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  28. "Chi Big Five Picks Players For Net Opener". Indianapolis Recorder. Indianapolis, Indiana. November 30, 1940.
  29. "Palmer House Indians In First Game Friday". Chicago Defender. Chicago, Illinois. January 9, 1937.
  30. "Dave DeJernett, Net Star of 30s, Is Heart Victim". Logansport Press. Logansport, Indiana. August 6, 1964.
  31. "Indiana Basketball Hall of Fame » Robert David DeJernett". hoopshall.com. Archived from the original on November 25, 2010. Retrieved April 10, 2010.
  32. "Brown Bombers Play Palmer House Indians". Chicago Defender. Chicago, Illinois. February 5, 1937.
  33. "Democrat's Ad Man Has Interview With The Champion". Washington Daily Democrat. Washington, Indiana. October 11, 1947.
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