Cylindropuntia echinocarpa

Cylindropuntia echinocarpa is a species of cactus known by the common names silver cholla, golden cholla, and Wiggins' cholla. It was formerly named Opuntia echinocarpa.[1]

Cylindropuntia echinocarpa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Genus: Cylindropuntia
Species:
C. echinocarpa
Binomial name
Cylindropuntia echinocarpa
Synonyms

Opuntia echinocarpa — Engelm. & Bigelow
Opuntia wigginsii

Distribution

Cylindropuntia echinocarpa is native to the Southwestern United States and Northwestern Mexico, where it can be found the Sonoran Desert, the Mojave Desert, and Colorado Desert in California and other states.[1]

It commonly occurs in desert dry wash, creosote bush scrub, Joshua tree woodland, and pinyon-juniper woodland communities.[2] It ranges from Mono County to Baja California Peninsula.[2]

Description

Silver cholla is a large, tree-like cactus which may exceed 2 m (6.6 ft) in height. Its stems and branches are made up of cylindrical green tubercles (segments) up to 1.5 cm wide and just under 1.0 cm tall. The fleshy tubercles each bear up to 20 long, straight, grayish or yellowish spines which may be nearly 4 cm long. The width of the tubercles is less than twice the length, which helps to distinguish it from buckhorn cholla (Cylindropuntia acanthocarpa), which occurs in a similar geographical distribution.[2]

The flowers are usually greenish yellow, sometimes pinkish or brownish in color. The fruit is lumpy, spiny, and tan in color, with white seeds and a foul scent, reminiscent of rancid butter. It measures up to two centimeters long. Very few fruits reach maturity, and many immature fruits can often be seen lying on the ground below.[2] This plant reproduces mainly through seeds, but its tubercles may break off and have a chance of producing new plants through asexual reproduction. [3][4]

References
  1. USDA: Cylindropuntia echinocarpa . accessed 3.23.2013
  2. Mojave Desert Wildflowers, Pam MacKay, 2nd ed., p 223, 266
  3. Ebert, T.A. (2006). "Density dependent responses of Cacti, Cylindropuntia bigelovii and C. echinocarpa (Cactaceae), in the desert of Southern California, USA". Journal of Arid Environments. 66 (4): 609–619. doi:10.1016/j.jaridenv.2005.11.013. ISSN 0140-1963.
  4. Bobich, E (2001). "Vegetative Reproduction as Related to Biomechanics, Morphology and Anatomy of Four Cholla Cactus Species in the Sonoran Desert". Annals of Botany. 87 (4): 485–493. doi:10.1006/anbo.2000.1360.


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.