Cucumovirus

Cucumovirus is a genus of viruses, in the family Bromoviridae.[3] Plants serve as natural hosts. There are currently four species in this genus including the type species Cucumber mosaic virus.[1][4]

Cucumovirus
Cucumber mosaic virus symptoms
Virus classification
(unranked): Virus
Realm: Riboviria
Kingdom: Orthornavirae
Phylum: Kitrinoviricota
Class: Alsuviricetes
Order: Martellivirales
Family: Bromoviridae
Genus: Cucumovirus
Type species
Cucumber mosaic virus
Species[1][2]

Structure

Viruses in the genus Cucumovirus are non-enveloped, with icosahedral and Spherical geometries, and T=3 symmetry. The diameter is around 29 nm. Genomes are linear and segmented, tripartite.[1][4]

GenusStructureSymmetryCapsidGenomic arrangementGenomic segmentation
CucumovirusIcosahedralT=3Non-envelopedLinearSegmented

Life cycle

Viral replication is cytoplasmic. Entry into the host cell is achieved by penetration into the host cell. Replication follows the positive stranded RNA virus replication model. Positive stranded rna virus transcription, using the internal initiation model of subgenomic rna transcription is the method of transcription. The virus exits the host cell by tubule-guided viral movement. Plants serve as the natural host. Transmission routes are mechanical and contact.[1][4]

GenusHost detailsTissue tropismEntry detailsRelease detailsReplication siteAssembly siteTransmission
CucumovirusPlantsNoneViral movement; mechanical inoculationViral movementCytoplasmCytoplasmMechanical inoculation: insects; contact

Epidemiology

It is thought that cucumoviruses are present worldwide, being known to occur in Eurasia, Australia, Canada, France, India, Japan, North and South Korea, Morocco, New Zealand, Poland, Spain, the US, and the former USSR. Its natural hosts belong to the domain Eukaryota. The virus is transmitted by vector, mechanical inoculation, grafting, or seeds, and it is transmitted in a non-persistent manner. The vectors may be arthropods, specifically insects of the order Hemiptera, family aphidae (colloquially one would say cucumovirus is transmitted by aphids).[1]

References
  1. "ICTV Report Bromoviridae".
  2. "Virus Taxonomy: 2018b Release" (html). International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV). March 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  3. Bujarski, J; Gallitelli, D; García-Arenal, F; Pallás, V; Palukaitis, P; Reddy, MK; Wang, A; ICTV Report, Consortium (August 2019). "ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Bromoviridae". The Journal of General Virology. 100 (8): 1206–1207. doi:10.1099/jgv.0.001282. PMID 31192783.
  4. "Viral Zone". ExPASy. Retrieved 15 June 2015.
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