Ctenochromis pectoralis

Pangani haplo
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Actinopterygii
Order:	Cichliformes
Family:	Cichlidae
Genus:	Ctenochromis
Species:	C. pectoralis
Binomial name
	Ctenochromis pectoralis; Pfeffer, 1893
Synonyms
	Haplochromis pectoralis (Pfeffer, 1893)[1]; Harpagochromis pectoralis (Pfeffer, 1893)[1]; Tilapia pectoralis (Pfeffer, 1893)[1]

Ctenochromis pectoralis, the Pangani haplo (short for "haplochromine"), is a species of fish in the family Cichlidae. It was originally characterized in the Pangani River of Tanzania, and may also be present in Kenya. It is listed as extinct by IUCN as a result of a 1996 evaluation,[2] but this appears to be incorrect.[1] A more recent IUCN publication stated that this species is not endangered in any way.[3]

Two isolated populations of similar fish have been reported from springs flanking Mount Kilimanjaro, with some disagreement as to whether they represent the same or distinct related species: at the Chemka springs of Tanzania, upstream of the Pangani,[4][5][6] and the Mzima Springs, in the Tsavo River drainage, Kenya.[7] The latter is listed as a distinct, vulnerable species, C. aff. pectoralis, by IUCN.[8]

Sources

Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2013). "Ctenochromis pectoralis" in FishBase. April 2013 version.
Kaufman, L. (1996). "Ctenochromis pectoralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9722A13011299. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9722A13011299.en. Retrieved 10 February 2020.
IUCN Eastern Africa Programme, IUCN Water and Nature Initiative, Tanzania. Pangani Basin Water Office, Kenya. Coast Development Authority (2003). Pangani Basin: A Situation Analysis. IUCN. p. 27. ISBN 978-2831707600.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
Job de Graaf, 2011, The Real Ctenochromis pectoralis. Eyespots no. 6, pp. 38-39
Van Heusden, H. 2015, Ctenochromis pectoralis: A most mysterious Tanzanian river cichlid. Cichlid News 24:14–17.
Kalacska, Margaret; Arroyo-Mora, J.; Lucanus, Oliver; Kishe-Machumu, Mary (2017). "Land Cover, Land Use, and Climate Change Impacts on Endemic Cichlid Habitats in Northern Tanzania". Remote Sensing. 9 (6): 623. Bibcode:2017RemS....9..623K. doi:10.3390/rs9060623.
Okeyo, D.O., 1998, "Updating names, distribution and ecology of riverine fish of Kenya in the Athi-Galana-Sabaki River drainage system", Naga, ICLARM Q. 21(1):44-53
Hanssens, M. (2004). "Ctenochromis aff. pectoralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T60417A12362721. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T60417A12362721.en. Retrieved 10 February 2020.

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[FishBase-1] Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2013). "Ctenochromis pectoralis" in FishBase. April 2013 version.

[2] Kaufman, L. (1996). "Ctenochromis pectoralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 1996: e.T9722A13011299. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.1996.RLTS.T9722A13011299.en. Retrieved 10 February 2020.

[Pangani-3] IUCN Eastern Africa Programme, IUCN Water and Nature Initiative, Tanzania. Pangani Basin Water Office, Kenya. Coast Development Authority (2003). Pangani Basin: A Situation Analysis. IUCN. p. 27. ISBN 978-2831707600.CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)

[4] Job de Graaf, 2011, The Real Ctenochromis pectoralis. Eyespots no. 6, pp. 38-39

[5] Van Heusden, H. 2015, Ctenochromis pectoralis: A most mysterious Tanzanian river cichlid. Cichlid News 24:14–17.

[6] Kalacska, Margaret; Arroyo-Mora, J.; Lucanus, Oliver; Kishe-Machumu, Mary (2017). "Land Cover, Land Use, and Climate Change Impacts on Endemic Cichlid Habitats in Northern Tanzania". Remote Sensing. 9 (6): 623. Bibcode:2017RemS....9..623K. doi:10.3390/rs9060623.

[7] Okeyo, D.O., 1998, "Updating names, distribution and ecology of riverine fish of Kenya in the Athi-Galana-Sabaki River drainage system", Naga, ICLARM Q. 21(1):44-53

[8] Hanssens, M. (2004). "Ctenochromis aff. pectoralis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2004: e.T60417A12362721. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T60417A12362721.en. Retrieved 10 February 2020.