Crown flash

Crown flash is a rarely observed meteorological phenomenon involving "The brightening of a thunderhead crown followed by the appearance of aurora-like streamers emanating into the clear atmosphere".[1] The current hypothesis for why the phenomenon occurs is that much like the sun dog phenomenon sunlight is reflecting off or refracting through tiny ice crystals though unlike sun dogs crown flash ice crystals are found above the crown of a cumulonimbus cloud. These ice crystals are aligned by the strong electric field effects around the cloud,[2] so the effect may appear as a tall streamer (with a curved shape at times), pillar of light, or resemble a massive flash of a searchlight/flashlight beam through the clouds. When the electric field is disturbed by electrical charging or discharging (typically, lightning flashes) within the cloud, the ice crystals are re-orientated causing the light pattern to shift in a characteristic manner, at times very rapidly and appearing to 'dance' in a strikingly mechanical fashion.[3] The effect may also sometimes be known as a "leaping sundog". As with sundogs, the observer would have to be in a specific position to see the effect, which is not a self-generated light such as seen in a lightning strike or aurora, but rather a changing reflection or refraction of the sunlight.

The first scientific description of the crown flash phenomenon appears to be in the journal Monthly Weather Review in 1885,[4] according to the Guinness Book of Records.[5] Also mentioned in Nature in 1971[6] and in a letter to Nature slightly earlier in the same year,[7] this phenomenon is regarded as uncommon and not well documented. Starting with an initial video upload in 2009 dozens of YouTube videos have since emerged that appear to document this phenomenon.[8]

See also

References
  1. Corliss, William (1982). Lightning, Auroras, Nocturnal Lights, and Related Luminous Phenomena: A Catalog of Geophysical Anomalies. ISBN 978-0915554096.
  2. Vonnegut, B (1965). "Orientation of Ice Crystals in the electric field of a Thunderstorm". Weather. 20 (10): 310–312. Bibcode:1965Wthr...20..310V. doi:10.1002/j.1477-8696.1965.tb02740.x.
  3. "A New Natural Phenomenon - Crown Flash". Retrieved 2015-09-03.
  4. "Electrical Phenomena". Monthly Weather Review. 13: 103. 1885. doi:10.1175/1520-0493(1885)13[100c:AE]2.0.CO;2.
  5. "Guinness Book of Records - First description of a crown flash". Retrieved 2019-05-26.
  6. Graves, Maurice E.; Gall, John C.; Vonnegut, Bernard (1971). "Meteorological Phenomenon called Crown Flash". Nature. 231 (5300): 258. Bibcode:1971Natur.231Q.258G. doi:10.1038/231258a0. PMID 16062656.
  7. Graves, Maurice E; Gall, John C (1971). "Possible Newly Recognized Meteorological Phenomenon called Crown Flash". Nature. 229: 184–185. Bibcode:1971Natur.229..184G. doi:10.1038/229184b0. PMID 16059137.
  8. "YouTube Playlist of Crown Flashes by upload date". Retrieved 2018-08-28.
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