Corunastylis trifida

Corunastylis trifida, commonly known as the blackish midge orchid, is a small terrestrial orchid endemic to New South Wales. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to twenty five dark purplish-black and green flowers. It grows in heath in scattered places in the Sydney basin.

Blackish midge orchid
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Corunastylis
Species:
C. trifida
Binomial name
Corunastylis trifida
Synonyms

Prasophyllum trifidum Rupp

Description

Corunastylis trifida is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single thin leaf 200–300 mm (8–10 in) long and fused to the flowering stem with the free part 15–20 mm (0.6–0.8 in) long. Between five and twenty five dark purplish-black and green flowers are arranged along a flowering stem 10–30 mm (0.4–1 in) long. The flowers lean downwards slightly and are 3–4 mm (0.12–0.16 in) long and 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) wide. As with others in the genus, the flowers are inverted so that the labellum is above the column rather than below it. The dorsal sepal is 2–2.5 mm (0.08–0.1 in) long and about 1.5 mm (0.06 in) wide with hairless edges and darker coloured bands. The lateral sepals are about 3 mm (0.1 in) long and about 1 mm (0.04 in) wide, with a humped base and a sharply pointed tip. The petals are about 1.5 mm (0.06 in) long and about 1 mm (0.04 in) wide with hairless edges and a sharply pointed tip. The labellum is egg-shaped, about 3 mm (0.1 in) long and 1.5 mm (0.06 in) wide, thick and fleshy. There is a broad, tapering callus in the centre of the labellum and extending nearly to its tip. Flowering occurs from January to April.[1]

Taxonomy and naming

The blackish midge orchid was first formally described in 1941 by Herman Rupp who gave it the name Prasophyllum trifidum and published the description in The Victorian Naturalist. The specimen was collected near Castlecrag.[2][3] In 2004, David Jones and Mark Clements changed the name to Corunastylis trifida.[4] The specific epithet (trifida) is a Latin word meaning "three-cleft",[5] referring to the shape of the column.[3]

The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families retains the name Prasophyllum trifidum for C. trifida.[6]

Distribution and habitat

Corunastylis trifida grows in heath or heathy forest between Kurri Kurri and Middle Harbour.[1]

References
  1. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 188. ISBN 1877069124.
  2. "Prasophyllum trifidum". APNI. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  3. Rupp, Herman (1942). "Two new species of Prasophyllum". The Victorian Naturalist. 58 (2): 21–22. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  4. "Corunastylis trifida". APNI. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  5. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 814.
  6. "Corunastylis trifida". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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