Corunastylis laminata

Corunastylis laminata, commonly known as the red midge orchid, is a small terrestrial orchid endemic to New South Wales. It has a single thin leaf fused to the flowering stem and up to twenty bright reddish flowers. It grows in heath and grassy forest in a few places on the South Coast and Central Tablelands.

Red midge orchid
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Tribe: Diurideae
Genus: Corunastylis
Species:
C. laminata
Binomial name
Corunastylis laminata
Synonyms

Prasophyllum laminatum Fitzg.

Description

Corunastylis laminata is a terrestrial, perennial, deciduous, herb with an underground tuber and a single thin leaf 100–150 mm (4–6 in) long and fused to the flowering stem with the free part 10–15 mm (0.4–0.6 in) long. Between five and twenty bright reddish flowers are arranged along a flowering stem 15–25 mm (0.6–1 in) long. The flowers lean downwards slightly and are 4–5 mm (0.16–0.20 in) long and 5–5.5 mm (0.20–0.22 in) wide. As with others in the genus, the flowers are inverted so that the labellum is above the column rather than below it. The dorsal sepal is about 3 mm (0.1 in) long and 2 mm (0.08 in) wide with hairless edges and darker coloured bands. The lateral sepals are 3–3.5 mm (0.12–0.14 in) long, about 1 mm (0.04 in) wide, turn downwards, with a humped base and a sharply pointed tip. There is sometimes a small gland on the tip of the lateral sepals. The petals are 2–2.5 mm (0.08–0.1 in) long, about 1 mm (0.04 in) wide with hairless edges. The labellum is oblong to egg-shaped with the narrower end towards the base, about 2.5 mm (0.1 in) long and 1 mm (0.04 in) wide and fleshy. There is a broad, tapering callus in the centre of the labellum and extending nearly to its tip. Flowering occurs from January to May.[1]

Taxonomy and naming

The red midge orchid was first formally described in 1885 by Robert D. FitzGerald who gave it the name Prasophyllum laminatum and published the description in Journal of Botany, British and Foreign.[2][3] In 2004, David Jones and Mark Clements changed the name to Corunastylis laminata.[4] The specific epithet (laminata) is derived from the Latin word lamina meaning "a thin plate", "blade" or "sheet".[5]

The World Checklist of Selected Plant Families lists C. laminata as a synonym of Genoplesium rufum.[6]

Distribution and habitat

Corunastylis laminata grows in heathy or grassy forest between Jervis Bay and Bowral.[1]

References
  1. Jones, David L. (2006). A complete guide to native orchids of Australia including the island territories. Frenchs Forest, N.S.W.: New Holland. p. 186. ISBN 1877069124.
  2. "Prasophyllum laminatum". APNI. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  3. Fitzgerald, Robert D. (1885). "New Australian orchids". Journal of Botany, British and Foreign. 23: 136–137. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  4. "Corunastylis laminata". APNI. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
  5. Brown, Roland Wilbur (1956). The Composition of Scientific Words. Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press. p. 459.
  6. "Corunastylis laminata". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
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