Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material

The Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material was adopted on 26 October 1979 in Vienna, Austria. The initial signing ceremony took place in Vienna and at New York on 3 March 1980, and the convention entered into force on 8 February 1987. The convention is deposited with the International Atomic Energy Agency. In July 2005 a diplomatic conference was convened to amend the Convention and strengthen its provisions,[1] as a result of which it was renamed the Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material and Nuclear Facilities.

As of October 2018, there are 157 state parties to the convention plus the European Atomic Energy Community.

Upon accession, 38 countries declared themself as not bound by the provisions of Article 17 paragraph 2 and did not accept the competence of the International Court of Justice in settlement of the disputes. Five countries withdrew these objections thereafter.[2]

List of countries that upon ratification declared that they do not consider themselves bound by dispute settlement procedures provided for in Article 17 paragraph 2
Country name Accession date Withdrawal date
Algeria30 April 2003-
Argentina06 April 1989-
Azerbaijan19 January 2004-
Bahamas21 May 2008-
Bahrain10 May 2010-
Belarus09 September 1993-
Bulgaria10 April 198411 May 1994
China10 January 1989-
Cuba26 September 1997-
Cyprus23 July 1998-
El Salvador15 December 2006-
France06 September 1991-
Guatemala23 April 1985-
Hungary04 May 198430 November 1989
India12 March 2002-
Indonesia05 November 1986-
Israel22 January 2002-
Jordan07 September 2009-
Korea07 April 1982-
Kuwait23 April 2004-
Lao29 September 2010-
Mongolia28 May 198618 June 1990
Mozambique03 March 2003-
Myanmar06 December 2016-
Oman11 June 2003-
Pakistan12 September 2000-
Peru11 January 1995-
Poland05 October 198318 June 1997
Qatar09 March 2004-
Romania23 November 1993-
Russia25 May 198322 July 2007
Saint Lucia14 September 2012-
Saudi Arabia07 January 2009-
Singapore22 September 2014-
South Africa17 September 2007-
Spain06 September 1991-
Turkey27 February 1985-
Viet Nam04 October 2012-

The United States Department of State says that:

The Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material provides for certain levels of physical protection during international transport of nuclear material. It also establishes a general framework for cooperation among states in the protection, recovery, and return of stolen nuclear material. Further, the Convention lists certain serious offenses involving nuclear material which state parties are to make punishable and for which offenders shall be subject to a system of extradition or submission for prosecution.[3]

References
  1. "Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material". International Atomic Energy Agency. Retrieved 21 November 2019.
  2. "Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material. Declarations/reservations and objections thereto" (PDF). International Atomic Energy Agency.
  3. "Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material". Bureau of International Security and Nonproliferation. United States Department of State. 3 March 1980.
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