City Academy High School

City Academy High School is a charter school in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States. The school was created a year after charter school legislation in Minnesota was passed. As a charter school, it operates independently, but is sponsored by the College of St. Catherine. On September 7, 1992, City Academy became the first charter school in the United States to open.[1][2]

City Academy High School
Main location of City Academy High School in Wilder Recreation Center
Address
958 Jessie Street

Saint Paul
,
Minnesota 55130

United States
Coordinates44°58′11.5″N 93°4′37″W
Information
TypeCharter school
Established1992
School districtIndependent (Charter school)
PrincipalMilo Cutter
Faculty13
Grades10–12
Enrollment117
CampusVarious urban places
Websitehttp://www.cityacademy.org/

City Academy operates in a variety of buildings in Saint Paul. The majority of classes are held at a local recreation center in Saint Paul. City Academy enrolls students 15–21 years of age who have previously dropped out of school or are not currently attending school. The school was created to aid students in at-risk demographics.

History

In 1991 Minnesota became the first state in the United States to pass legislation that allowed charter schools. Several proposals for schools were quickly proposed, including City Academy. The school was the third charter school approved by the Minnesota Department of Education, but the first to open.[3] The proposal won support from mayor James Scheibel, several neighborhood parents, and Northern States Power Company.[4] However the charter school received opposition from the Saint Paul Federation of Teachers.[4]

Milo Cutter (teacher), Barron Chapman (recreation leader), and Terry Kraabel (teacher) were the three people who started the school. The initial proposal for the school was designed for students who have dropped out of school. The school was also designed for students whose homes were wracked by poverty or substance abuse. The proposal included having the students do things such as building homes for Habitat for Humanity, learning art at local pottery studios, and studying biology at local nature centers. The proposal allowed students to work toward their high school diploma or try to get back into a more traditional high school.[4] The proposal was to serve 30 Saint Paul students ages 13 to 19 who have dropped out of school or are at risk for dropping out.[5] Since then, the school has expanded, but is kept small to keep small class sizes.

Northern States Power eventually donated computers to the school and provided $30,000 in startup money. The predicted annual budget was $200,000. The school received about $120,000 in state education funding, the remainder coming from fundraising efforts. City Academy was modeled after a program called Power League a year before. Plans are for the year-round school to open in August, said Milo Cutter, Power League director. In addition to offering classes in academic subjects, the program offers support groups, counseling, individualized case management, job skills training, community service, and recreational activities.[6] On September 7, 1992, City Academy became the first charter school in the United States to open.

Operation

For $302 a month, City Academy rents space from the city of Saint Paul in the Wilder Recreation Center, a bunkerlike East Side building constructed in 1941. Classes run from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m. and are offered year-round. In 1996, the school's annual operating budget was $320,000.

Students often remodel East Side houses on weekends and after school.[7] City Academy was originally sponsored by Saint Paul Public Schools but has been sponsored by St. Catherine since 1999. City Academy has been sponsored by the College of St. Catherine in Saint Paul since the 1999–2000 school year.[8] The school is accredited by the North Central Accreditation Association.[8] The main site of the school is at the Wilder Recreation Center, but classes are held in other areas such as recreation centers.[9] Of the seven members of the charter board, two of them are from the community.[10]

Programs

City Academy has participated in a program called Youthbuild since 1993. This national nonprofit organization supports 200 local programs that help young people work toward their high school diplomas while learning construction skills by building affordable housing for low-income and homeless people.[11]

Students are given the home phone numbers of teachers and encouraged to call them for help after regular school hours.[12] Students who are enrolled full-time spend three hours a day in classroom learning and three hours on a job site.[8] The school features four days of interdisciplinary courses and electives a week; students spend the fifth day in the community doing other educational activities.[12]

Student body

In the sponsorship charter with the College of St. Catherine, City Academy's "...target population [is] primarily 15–21 year old students who are currently unenrolled, underprepared, and at risk for dropping out."[9] 90.4% of students are minorities, and 86% of the student body qualifies for free or reduced lunch.[13] Before attending City Academy, over 90% of students did not currently attend a school.[8] Some students even enroll after being released from juvenile correctional facilities.[14] There are no grade distinctions based on the number of school years completed. Once students complete the graduation requirements of the school, they graduate.[8]

Success
BST passing percentage[10]
Upon enrollment After graduation
Writing BST 67 90
Reading BST 36 90
Math BST 23 82

86% of students of the students had not passed the Minnesota Basic Skills Tests (BST) prior to enrollment. Passing BSTs in Writing, Math, and Reading are required to graduate from high school in Minnesota.[10]

A study by the University of Minnesota found that in the 1996–1997 school year "...students (on average) have made at least three years' academic gain in both reading and math."[15]

The school has a 100% Adequate Yearly Progress graduation rate. Other graduation indicators, such as the National Governors Association rate, have lower percentages, such as 52.7% by AYP measure the rate of students who originally enroll eventually graduate. NGA measures the rate of students who graduate in four years. City Academy does not have traditional grade distinctions that are used in the NGA method.[16] During City Academy's first three years of operation, the school graduated 78 students; only 11 students dropped out.[7] Again, most students who enroll have previously dropped out of school.

Impact

Due to being the first charter school in the United States, the school has received a lot of attention in the media. City Academy has been visited by U.S. President Bill Clinton, U.S. Department of Education secretary Richard Riley, and current U.S. senator and then-presidential candidate John Kerry.[17][18]

In 1999, Milo Cutter, one of the founders of City Academy, was named by Teacher Magazine as one of the ten people who shaped education in the 1990s. Teacher Magazine credited Cutter's work with City Academy with helping launch the charter school movement nationwide.[19] Due to City Academy's success, it has been said that City Academy "...serves as a talisman for the entire charter school movement."[20]

See also

References
  1. Torres, Kristina. "CLINTON TO VISIT CITY ACADEMY//FIRST CHARTER SCHOOL IN NATION PREPARES TO SHOW OFF FOR PRESIDENT" Archived 2012-10-06 at the Wayback Machine, St. Paul Pioneer Press, May 2, 2000. Accessed January 18, 2008. "City Academy, the nation's first charter school, will host President Clinton on Thursday when he visits St. Paul as part of his two-day, four-city ``school reform tour. The choice was unveiled Monday, days after the White House announced the tour and said Clinton would visit St. Paul to draw attention to the birthplace of charter schools."
  2. Hill, David. "Freedom School" Archived 2009-01-09 at the Wayback Machine, Teacher, August 11, 1999. Accessed January 18, 2008. "And the local teachers' union, the St. Paul Federation of Teachers, opposed the proposal for City Academy. Still, in April 1992, the school won approval from the St. Paul school board. Two months later, the state board approved the City Academy charter, and on September 7, the nation's first charter school opened its doors."
  3. Urahn, Sue; Dan Stewart (1995). Minnesota Charter Schools: A Research Report. DIANE Publishing. p. 57. ISBN 0-7881-1889-7.
  4. Walsh, James (1992-03-11). "Special school would work with kids in danger of falling over the edge". Star Tribune. pp. 01B.
  5. Livingston, Nancy (1992-03-11). "3 Seek OK to open Charter School//Saint Paul school would enroll at-risk youths". Saint Paul Pioneer Press. pp. Metro 1D.
  6. Prince, Pat (1992-06-09). "State authorizes charter school, first in Twin Cities". Star Tribune. pp. 01B.
  7. Monsour, Theresa (1996-03-24). "City Academy teaches without the trappings". Saint Paul Pioneer Press. pp. Front page (1A).
  8. "City Academy High School Annual Report (2007)" (pdf). City Academy High School. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  9. "Charter Agreement City Academy and College of St. Catherine" (pdf). City Academy. 2006. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  10. "City Academy". Center for School Change. Hubert H. Humphrey Institute of Public Affairs. Archived from the original on 2011-07-25. Retrieved 2007-12-21.
  11. Salisbury, Bill (2004-05-05). "Kerry Meets the East Side Residents Pepper Candidate with Questions". Saint Paul Pioneer Press. pp. A1. and City Academy 2005-06 Youthbuild Narrative and Success Story Accessed January 18, 2008. and Youthbuild Program - Annual Program Summary Archived 2008-01-16 at the Wayback Machine Minnesota Department of Employment and Economic Development. Accessed January 18, 2008.
  12. "The perfect school". U.S. News & World Report. Vol. 114 no. 1. 1993-01-11. pp. Science & Society, Best of America, School Reform 46–50, 52–53, 56–61.
  13. "City Academy 2007" (PDF). Minnesota Department of Education. July 2006. Archived from the original (pdf) on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  14. City Academy 2005–06 Youthbuild Narrative and Success Story City Academy High School. Accessed January 18, 2008
  15. Chester E., Finn; Bruno V. Manno; Gregg Vanourek (2000). Charter Schools in Action: Renewing Public Education. Princeton University Press. p. 77. ISBN 0-691-09008-4.
  16. "City Academy 2007 Graduation Indicators" (PDF). Minnesota Department of Education. July 2006. Archived from the original (pdf) on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2007-12-14.
  17. Monsour, Theresa (1996-10-12). "Education Secretary Riley Visits Country's First Charter School//Stop at City Academy Touts Support for Choice". Saint Paul Pioneer Press. pp. Metro 1B.
  18. Torres, Kristina (2000-05-05). "President's Pep Rally//Greeted Warmly at Saint Paul's City Academy, Clinton Praises Minnesota for Striking the `Right Balance' in its Charter School Law". Saint Paul Pioneer Press. pp. 1A.
  19. Tosto, Paul (1999-09-13). "Education Notes". Saint Paul Pioneer Press. pp. Local 2B.
  20. Cookson, Peter W.; Kristina Berger (2002). Expect Miracles: Charter Schools and the Politics of Hope and Despair. Westview Press. pp. 40–41. ISBN 0-8133-6631-3.
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