Chlamydia pecorum

Chlamydia pecorum, also known as Chlamydophila pecorum[2][3] is a species of Chlamydiaceae that originated from ruminants, such as cattle, sheep and goats.[4] It has also infected koalas and swine.[5] C. pecorum strains are serologically and pathogenically diverse.

Chlamydia pecorum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Bacteria
Phylum:
Chlamydiae
Order:
Chlamydiales
Family:
Chlamydiaceae
Genus:
Chlamydia
Species:
C. pecorum[1]

In the koalas, C. pecorum causes infections in the reproductive systems and urinary tract, as well as infertility, and death. It is considered one of the most important infectious diseases that currently plagues koalas.[6][7][8] C.pecorum is the most common chlamydial species to infect koalas and is the most pathogenic.[9] In other animals, C. pecorum has been associated with abortion, conjunctivitis, encephalomyelitis, enteritis, arthritis, pneumonia, and polyarthritis.[10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]

References
  1. Everett, K. D. E.; Bush, R. M.; Andersen, A. A. (1999). "Emended description of the order Chlamydiales, proposal of Parachlamydiaceae fam. nov. and Simkaniaceae fam. nov., each containing one monotypic genus, revised taxonomy of the family Chlamydiaceae, including a new genus and five new species, and standards for the identification of organisms". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 49 (2): 415–440. doi:10.1099/00207713-49-2-415. ISSN 0020-7713. PMID 10319462.
  2. Fukushi, H.; Hirai, K. (1992). "Proposal of Chlamydia Pecorum sp. nov. for Chlamydia Strains Derived from Ruminants". International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology. 42 (2): 306–308. doi:10.1099/00207713-42-2-306. ISSN 0020-7713. PMID 1581191.
  3. Mojica, S.; Huot Creasy, H.; Daugherty, S.; Read, T. D.; Kim, T.; Kaltenboeck, B.; Bavoil, P.; Myers, G. S. A. (2011). "Genome Sequence of the Obligate Intracellular Animal Pathogen Chlamydia pecorum E58". Journal of Bacteriology. 193 (14): 3690. doi:10.1128/JB.00454-11. ISSN 0021-9193. PMC 3133325. PMID 21571992.
  4. Fukushi, Hideto; Hirai, Katsuya (1992). "Proposal of Chlamydia Pecorum sp. nov. for Chlamydia Strains Derived from Ruminants". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 42 (2): 306–308. doi:10.1099/00207713-42-2-306. ISSN 1466-5026. PMID 1581191.
  5. Mojica, Sergio; Creasy, Heather Huot; Daugherty, Sean; Read, Timothy D.; Kim, Teayoun; Kaltenboeck, Bernhard; Bavoil, Patrik; Myers, Garry S. A. (2011-07-15). "Genome Sequence of the Obligate Intracellular Animal Pathogen Chlamydia pecorum E58". Journal of Bacteriology. 193 (14): 3690. doi:10.1128/JB.00454-11. ISSN 0021-9193. PMID 21571992.
  6. Griffith, JE; Higgins, DP (November 2012). "Diagnosis, treatment and outcomes for koala chlamydiosis at a rehabilitation facility (1995-2005)". Australian Veterinary Journal. 90 (11): 457–463. doi:10.1111/j.1751-0813.2012.00963.x. PMID 23106328.
  7. Govendir, M.; Hanger, J.; Loader, J. J.; Kimble, B.; Griffith, J. E.; Black, L. A.; Krockenberger, M. B.; Higgins, D. P. (April 2012). "Plasma concentrations of chloramphenicol after subcutaneous administration to koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus) with chlamydiosis". Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 35 (2): 147–154. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2885.2011.01307.x. PMID 21569052.
  8. Burach, Fabienne; Pospischil, Andreas; Hanger, Jon; Loader, Jo; Pillonel, Trestan; Greub, Gilbert; Borel, Nicole (2014-08-06). "Chlamydiaceae and Chlamydia-like organisms in the koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)--organ distribution and histopathological findings" (PDF). Veterinary Microbiology. 172 (1–2): 230–240. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.04.022. ISSN 1873-2542. PMID 24888862.
  9. Polkinghorne, Adam; Hanger, Jon; Timms, Peter (August 2013). "Recent advances in understanding the biology, epidemiology and control of chlamydial infections in koalas". Veterinary Microbiology. 165 (3–4): 214–223. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.02.026. PMID 23523170.
  10. Yang, Rongchang; Jacobson, Caroline; Gardner, Graham; Carmichael, Ian; Campbell, Angus J. D.; Ryan, Una (2014-09-01). "Longitudinal prevalence and faecal shedding of Chlamydia pecorum in sheep". The Veterinary Journal. 201 (3): 322–326. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.05.037. ISSN 1090-0233. PMID 24954870.
  11. Walker, Evelyn; Moore, Cecily; Shearer, Patrick; Jelocnik, Martina; Bommana, Sankhya; Timms, Peter; Polkinghorne, Adam (2016-09-08). "Clinical, diagnostic and pathologic features of presumptive cases of Chlamydia pecorum-associated arthritis in Australian sheep flocks". BMC Veterinary Research. 12 (1): 193. doi:10.1186/s12917-016-0832-3. ISSN 1746-6148. PMC 5017062. PMID 27608808.
  12. Polkinghorne, A.; Borel, N.; Becker, A.; Lu, Z. H.; Zimmermann, D. R.; Brugnera, E.; Pospischil, A.; Vaughan, L. (2009-03-16). "Molecular evidence for chlamydial infections in the eyes of sheep". Veterinary Microbiology. Special Issue: Chlamydioses. 135 (1): 142–146. doi:10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.09.034. ISSN 0378-1135. PMID 18945556.
  13. Berri, Mustapha; Rekiki, Abdessalem; Boumedine, Karim Sidi; Rodolakis, Annie (2009-07-01). "Simultaneous differential detection of Chlamydophila abortus, Chlamydophila pecorum and Coxiella burnetii from aborted ruminant's clinical samples using multiplex PCR". BMC Microbiology. 9 (1): 130. doi:10.1186/1471-2180-9-130. ISSN 1471-2180. PMC 2725139. PMID 19570194.
  14. Schiller, Irene; Koesters, Robert; Weilenmann, Roseline; Thoma, Rudolf; Kaltenboeck, Bernhard; Heitz, Philipp; Pospischil, Andreas (1997-11-01). "Mixed infections with porcine Chlamydia trachomatis/pecorum and infections with ruminant Chlamydia psittaci serovar 1 associated with abortions in swine". Veterinary Microbiology. 58 (2): 251–260. doi:10.1016/S0378-1135(97)00154-5. ISSN 0378-1135. PMID 9453135.
  15. Greco, G.; Corrente, M.; Buonavoglia, D.; Campanile, G.; Di Palo, R.; Martella, V.; Bellacicco, A. L.; D’Abramo, M.; Buonavoglia, C. (2008-06-01). "Epizootic abortion related to infections by Chlamydophila abortus and Chlamydophila pecorum in water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)". Theriogenology. 69 (9): 1061–1069. doi:10.1016/j.theriogenology.2008.01.018. ISSN 0093-691X. PMID 18374406.
  16. Mackie, J. T.; Gillett, A. K.; Palmieri, C.; Feng, T.; Higgins, D. P. (2016-11-01). "Pneumonia due to Chlamydia pecorum in a Koala (Phascolarctos cinereus)". Journal of Comparative Pathology. 155 (4): 356–360. doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2016.07.011. ISSN 0021-9975. PMID 27567271.
  17. Marrie, T. J.; Peeling, R. W.; Reid, T.; Carolis, E. De; Investigators, the Canadian Community-Acquired Pneumonia (2003-05-01). "Chlamydia species as a cause of community-acquired pneumonia in Canada". European Respiratory Journal. 21 (5): 779–784. doi:10.1183/09031936.03.00095403. ISSN 0903-1936. PMID 12765420. S2CID 7828355.

Further reading
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