Chaubisi Rajya

Chaubisi Rajya (Nepali: चौबीसी राज्य, literally "24 principalities") were sovereign and intermittently allied petty kingdoms on the Indian subcontinent that the Magar people ruled.[1] Prithvi Narayan Shah ascended the throne of the Gorkha Kingdom in 1743; he subsequently began the unification process of the present day country of Nepal.[2] The Chaubisi Rajya were annexed during the unification from 1744 to 1816.[1] A parallel group of 22 small kingdoms, Baise Rajya (Nepali: बाइसे राज्य), existed to the west of the Gandaki Basin.[3]

Prithvi Narayan Shah, the last ruler of the Gorkha Kingdom and the first King of Nepal

The Gorkha Kingdom was founded by Drabya Shah, youngest son of Yasho Brahma Shah, king of Kaski and Lamjung, his eldest son became the king of Kaski and Lamjung which created a fight for supremacy.[4] Palpa was one of the biggest and most powerful kingdoms; the rulers were able to create independent kingdoms in Tanahu, Makwanpur and Vijaypur.[5] Many rulers from Nepal wanted to consolidate the principalities. The first battle took place in Nuwakot, Nuwakot. Prithvi Narayan Shah commanded Kaji Biraj Thapa Magar of Gorkha to attack but he delayed his invasion. Shah sent another strength to attack with Maheshwar Panta but they were badly defeated. For preparation, the king obtained new weapons from Banaras, increased military strength, and made Kalu Pande his chief minister who helped him with planning.[6] In 1744, Shah conquered Nuwakot, then went on to win a battle against Belkot.[6]

Not much is known about these principalities but these kingdoms played a pivotal role in the modern history of Nepal.[7] The unified Kingdom of Nepal continued to be ruled by the Shah dynasty, with the Rana dynasty de facto ruling the country from 1846[8] to February 1951.[9][10] In 2006, a democracy movement broke out which overthrew the monarchy system and transitioned to the Federal Democratic Republic.[11]

List of kingdoms

The 24 principalities[5][12]
Name	Current location
Kingdom of Argha	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Bajhang	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Bhirkot	Gandaki Pradesh
Kingdom of Butwal	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Dhor	Gandaki Pradesh
Kingdom of Dhurkot	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Galkot	Gandaki Pradesh
Kingdom of Ghiring
Kingdom of Garahun
Kingdom of Gorkha
Kingdom of Gulmi	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Isma	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Kaski	Gandaki Pradesh
Kingdom of Khanchi	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Lamjung	Gandaki Pradesh
Kingdom of Musikot	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Nuwakot	Bagmati Pradesh
Kingdom of Paiyun	Gandaki Pradesh
Kingdom of Palpa	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Parbat	Gandaki Pradesh
Kingdom of Pyuthan	Province No. 5
Kingdom of Rishing	Gandaki Pradesh
Kingdom of Satahun	Gandaki Pradesh
Kingdom of Tanahun	Gandaki Pradesh

References

"50-51" (PDF). European Bulletin of Himalayan Research. p. 78. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
Whelpton, John (17 February 2005). A History of Nepal. Cambridge University Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-521-80470-7. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
Nepal and Bhutan: Country Studies (PDF). Public Library UK. pp. 14–15. ISBN 978-0844407777. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
Sinha, Awadhesh C. (26 October 2018). Dawn of Democracy in the Eastern Himalayan Kingdoms: The 20th Century. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-429-68568-2. Archived from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
Pradhan, K. L. (2012). Thapa Politics in Nepal: With Special Reference to Bhim Sen Thapa, 1806-1839. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 4–6. ISBN 978-81-8069-813-2. Archived from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.
"Conquests of Prithvinarayana Shah" (PDF). Mirror Shodhganga. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
Douglas, Ed (27 August 2020). Himalaya: A Human History. Random House. p. 111. ISBN 978-1-4735-4614-1. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
"Grandeur lifestyle of Rana families in pictures". My City. 27 January 2019. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
Mulmi, Amish Raj (1 July 2017). "A remarkable history of the Ranas". The Kathmandu Post. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
Lohani, S.C. "The Birth of Rana Feudalism in Nepal" (PDF). Digital Himalaya. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
"South Asia : Nepal". The World Factbook. Retrieved 5 September 2020.
Publications, Europa (2 September 2003). A Political Chronology of Central, South and East Asia. Routledge. p. 201. ISBN 978-1-135-35680-4. Archived from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.

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[:0-1] "50-51" (PDF). European Bulletin of Himalayan Research. p. 78. Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.

[2] Whelpton, John (17 February 2005). A History of Nepal. Cambridge University Press. p. 240. ISBN 978-0-521-80470-7. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.

[3] Nepal and Bhutan: Country Studies (PDF). Public Library UK. pp. 14–15. ISBN 978-0844407777. Archived (PDF) from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.

[4] Sinha, Awadhesh C. (26 October 2018). Dawn of Democracy in the Eastern Himalayan Kingdoms: The 20th Century. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-429-68568-2. Archived from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.

[:1-5] Pradhan, K. L. (2012). Thapa Politics in Nepal: With Special Reference to Bhim Sen Thapa, 1806-1839. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 4–6. ISBN 978-81-8069-813-2. Archived from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.

[:2-6] "Conquests of Prithvinarayana Shah" (PDF). Mirror Shodhganga. Retrieved 5 September 2020.

[7] Douglas, Ed (27 August 2020). Himalaya: A Human History. Random House. p. 111. ISBN 978-1-4735-4614-1. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.

[8] "Grandeur lifestyle of Rana families in pictures". My City. 27 January 2019. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.

[9] Mulmi, Amish Raj (1 July 2017). "A remarkable history of the Ranas". The Kathmandu Post. Archived from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.

[10] Lohani, S.C. "The Birth of Rana Feudalism in Nepal" (PDF). Digital Himalaya. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 September 2020. Retrieved 5 September 2020.

[11] "South Asia : Nepal". The World Factbook. Retrieved 5 September 2020.

[polchron-12] Publications, Europa (2 September 2003). A Political Chronology of Central, South and East Asia. Routledge. p. 201. ISBN 978-1-135-35680-4. Archived from the original on 30 July 2020. Retrieved 30 July 2020.